Pricing of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles in Mixed-Traffic Networks

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812098585
Author(s):  
Paolo Delle Site
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Marginal Cost ◽  
User Behavior ◽  
Social Planner ◽  
Traffic Networks ◽  
Mixed Traffic ◽  
The Third ◽  
First Case ◽  
Marginal Cost Pricing ◽  
The Social

For networks with human-driven vehicles (HDVs) only, pricing with arc-specific tolls has been proposed to achieve minimization of travel times in a decentralized way. However, the policy is hardly feasible from a technical viewpoint without connectivity. Therefore, for networks with mixed traffic of HDVs and connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs), this paper considers pricing in a scenario where only CAVs are charged. In contrast to HDVs, CAVs can be managed as individual vehicles or as a fleet. In the latter case, CAVs can be routed to minimize the travel time of the fleet of CAVs or that of the entire fleet of HDVs and CAVs. We have a selfish user behavior in the first case, a private monopolist behavior in the second, a social planner behavior in the third. Pricing achieves in a decentralized way the social planner optimum. Tolls are not unique and can take both positive and negative values. Marginal cost pricing is one solution. The valid toll set is provided, and tolls are then computed according to two schemes: one with positive tolls only and minimum toll expenditure, and one with both tolls and subsidies and zero net expenditure. Convergent algorithms are used for the mixed-behavior equilibrium (simplicial decomposition algorithm) and toll determination (cutting plane algorithm). The computational experience with three networks: a two-arc network representative of the classic town bypass case, the Nguyen-Dupuis network, and the Anaheim network, provides useful policy insight.

scholarly journals OPTIMALISASI NILAI PEMANFAATAN WAKAF DARI FUNGSI SOSIAL MENJADI EKONOMIS DI KOTA SEMARANG

Jurnal Akta ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 455
Author(s):  
Joko Dwi Widiyanto ◽  
Akhmad Khisni
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Function ◽  
Social Function ◽  
The Third ◽  
Is Research ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City ◽  
Economic Function

The purpose and this research is for the existence of function and benefit of waqf as well as factors influencing the existence of function and manfat of waqf, solution and solution about function and benefit of waqf in society after notarial deed and social function become function in town of SemarangThis research is empirical law research, that is research based on the implementation of optimization of social wakaf utilization value into a frugal function in Semarang City The existence of shifting funngsi and wakaf benefits in Semarang City in the formulation of the transfer function by granting the previous waqf. Factors that affect the function and benefits are by way of selling and the results used to purchase new and broad wakaf data obtained are analyzed quantitatively.Optimizing the benefits of the utilization of waqf from social function into a frugal function in the city of Semarang by the researchers, then at the end of the series of research activities of this Thesis, will be concluded about the practice of transferring wakaf by nazhir Pedurungan Sub-district of Semarang that has been found, the existence of shifting funngsi And Benefits of waqf in Semarang City in the way of testing by granting the previous waqf, factors influencing the existence of the functions and benefits by way of selling and the results used to buy a new waqf, the implementation of the transfer function is done by granting the previous waqf After being dismantled As a waqf object that pole mosque, roof and windows, and the floors derived from the wakaf of the mosque maker's waqf objects is no longer functioned as a waqf object of the mosque that comes from ulin wood, all the wakaf objects that dibabak is granted to Other mosques y Ang need.The reason for the constraints on the function and benefits of wakaf in the community after the notarial deed of the social function became the basic economic function of the practice of transferring wakaf function by nazhir in Kecamatan Pedurungan Semarang City is as follows: Because the mosque can not accommodate the number of jama "ah that happened happened At The first case In the case of the second and the third case Accompanied by the highway Solutions falling out of the consequences of wakaf pengakfungsian practices by nazhir in Pedurungan Subdistrict Semarang City is the community can take advantage of the implementation of the transfer of wakaf function by nazhir in Pedurungan Subdistrict Semarang City, occurred in all cases Has been investigated in the field A practice of transferring the function of waqf by nazhir in Kecamatan Pedurungan there is pro and there is a cons, and the law is not the practice of wakaf pengakfungsian by nazhir in Kecamatan Pedurungan not procedural, As for the solution about Function and benefit of waqf in society after made notary deed from social function become basic security function of practice of transferring wakaf by nazhir in Kecamatan Pedurungan Semarang CityKeywords: Utilization of Endowment and Social Function

scholarly journals Modeling and Analysis of Mixed Traffic Networks with Human-driven and Autonomous Vehicles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Xu ◽  
Chaoyi Chen ◽  
Xueyang Chang ◽  
Dongpu Cao ◽  
Mengchi Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Traffic Modeling ◽  
Traffic Networks ◽  
Mixed Traffic ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
Conservation Problem ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Total Travel Time ◽  
Research Gap

Abstract The emergence of connected and automated vehicles (CAV) indicates improved traffic mobility in future traffic transportation systems. This study addresses the research gap in macroscopic traffic modeling of mixed traffic networks where CAV and human-driven vehicles coexist. CAV behavior is explicitly included in the proposed traffic network model, and the vehicle number non-conservation problem is overcome by describing the approaching and departure vehicle number in discrete time. The proposed model is verified in typical CAV cooperation scenarios. The performance of CAV coordination is analyzed in road, intersection and network scenario. Total travel time of the vehicles in the network is proved to be reduced when coordination are applied. Simulation results validate the accuracy of the proposed model and the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

Conclusions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christy Constantakopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Active Engagement ◽  
The Third ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Social ◽  
Building Activity ◽  
History Of

This chapter provides a summary of the previous case studies. It discusses the four networks examined over the course of the book,. The first case study explores the history of the Islanders’ League. It proposes that the League is the expression of a strong regional island identity. The second case study focuses on the history of monumentalization of Delos. By exploring the different funding sources for building activity on Delos, it shows the active engagement of the Delian community, the Hellenistic kings, and other non-royal individuals in the monumentalization processes. The third case study examines the Delian network of honours which was geographically immense, with the southern Aegean as the primary region of local interaction, and with specific clustering beyond this primary region. The fourth case study focuses on the evidence of the Delian inventories in order to reconstruct the social dynamics of dedication.

OPTIMALISASI NILAI PEMANFAATAN WAKAF DARI FUNGSI SOSIAL MENJADI EKONOMIS DI KOTA SEMARANG

Jurnal Akta ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 455
Author(s):  
Joko Dwi Widiyanto ◽  
Akhmad Khisni
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Function ◽  
Social Function ◽  
The Third ◽  
Is Research ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City ◽  
Economic Function

The purpose and this research is for the existence of function and benefit of waqf as well as factors influencing the existence of function and manfat of waqf, solution and solution about function and benefit of waqf in society after notarial deed and social function become function in town of SemarangThis research is empirical law research, that is research based on the implementation of optimization of social wakaf utilization value into a frugal function in Semarang City The existence of shifting funngsi and wakaf benefits in Semarang City in the formulation of the transfer function by granting the previous waqf. Factors that affect the function and benefits are by way of selling and the results used to purchase new and broad wakaf data obtained are analyzed quantitatively.Optimizing the benefits of the utilization of waqf from social function into a frugal function in the city of Semarang by the researchers, then at the end of the series of research activities of this Thesis, will be concluded about the practice of transferring wakaf by nazhir Pedurungan Sub-district of Semarang that has been found, the existence of shifting funngsi And Benefits of waqf in Semarang City in the way of testing by granting the previous waqf, factors influencing the existence of the functions and benefits by way of selling and the results used to buy a new waqf, the implementation of the transfer function is done by granting the previous waqf After being dismantled As a waqf object that pole mosque, roof and windows, and the floors derived from the wakaf of the mosque maker's waqf objects is no longer functioned as a waqf object of the mosque that comes from ulin wood, all the wakaf objects that dibabak is granted to Other mosques y Ang need.The reason for the constraints on the function and benefits of wakaf in the community after the notarial deed of the social function became the basic economic function of the practice of transferring wakaf function by nazhir in Kecamatan Pedurungan Semarang City is as follows: Because the mosque can not accommodate the number of jama "ah that happened happened At The first case In the case of the second and the third case Accompanied by the highway Solutions falling out of the consequences of wakaf pengakfungsian practices by nazhir in Pedurungan Subdistrict Semarang City is the community can take advantage of the implementation of the transfer of wakaf function by nazhir in Pedurungan Subdistrict Semarang City, occurred in all cases Has been investigated in the field A practice of transferring the function of waqf by nazhir in Kecamatan Pedurungan there is pro and there is a cons, and the law is not the practice of wakaf pengakfungsian by nazhir in Kecamatan Pedurungan not procedural, As for the solution about Function and benefit of waqf in society after made notary deed from social function become basic security function of practice of transferring wakaf by nazhir in Kecamatan Pedurungan Semarang CityKeywords: Utilization of Endowment and Social Function

scholarly journals Analisis Penentuan Tarif Layanan Bus Kota Berdasarkan Marginal Cost Pricing (Studi Pada Perum Damri Kota Surabaya)

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Dewi Prastiwi ◽  
Dhiah Fitrayati
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Marginal Cost ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Regional Autonomy ◽  
City Bus ◽  
Marginal Cost Pricing ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City

AbstractThe concept of regional autonomy has implications for financing in all sectors, including transport. To be able to provide adequate public transport facilities, one of the opportunities is the mobilization of funds through tariff collection mechanism. Determination of transport rates set out in the local rules based approach Incrementalism and line items. This approach represents a lack of economic and psychological capabilities and suitability of the benefits received by the sacrifices that have been issued. Therefore research is needed to analyze the determination of rates of local regulations bound public services locally. This study aimed to analyze the determination of the city bus rate by Cost Pricing (MCP) marginal approach, that was the determination of tariff by considering the social benefits received by customers, so if there were additional rates so consumers should receive additional social benefits. Based MCP, Perum Damri can assign the same rate if the consumer gets the same standard of service, but if there was a decline in the standard of service, then the rates should be differentiated.

Same Address, Different Doors: Post-Heritage Deconstruction of the Heritage Household in Upstairs Downstairs in the 1970s and 2010s

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Abbiss
Keyword(s):  
Final Section ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
War Narrative ◽  
Critical History ◽  
The Social ◽  
Fourth Series ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multiple Episodes

This article offers a ‘post-heritage’ reading of both iterations of Upstairs Downstairs: the LondonWeekend Television (LWT) series (1971–5) and its shortlived BBC revival (2010–12). Identifying elements of subversion and subjectivity allows scholarship on the LWT series to be reassessed, recognising occasions where it challenges rather than supports the social structures of the depicted Edwardian past. The BBC series also incorporates the post-heritage element of self-consciousness, acknowledging the parallel between its narrative and the production’s attempts to recreate the success of its 1970s predecessor. The article’s first section assesses the critical history of the LWT series, identifying areas that are open to further study or revised readings. The second section analyses the serialised war narrative of the fourth series of LWT’s Upstairs, Downstairs (1974), revealing its exploration of female identity across multiple episodes and challenging the notion that the series became more male and upstairs dominated as it progressed. The third section considers the BBC series’ revised concept, identifying the shifts in its main characters’ positions in society that allow the series’ narrative to question the past it evokes. This will be briefly contrasted with the heritage stability of Downton Abbey (ITV, 2010–15). The final section considers the household of 165 Eaton Place’s function as a studio space, which the BBC series self-consciously adopts in order to evoke the aesthetics of prior period dramas. The article concludes by suggesting that the barriers to recreating the past established in the BBC series’ narrative also contributed to its failure to match the success of its earlier iteration.

Same Address, Different Doors: Post-Heritage Deconstruction of the Heritage Household in Upstairs Downstairs in the 1970s and 2010s

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Abbiss
Keyword(s):  
Final Section ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
War Narrative ◽  
Critical History ◽  
The Social ◽  
Fourth Series ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multiple Episodes

This article offers a ‘post-heritage’ reading of both iterations of Upstairs Downstairs: the LondonWeekend Television (LWT) series (1971–5) and its shortlived BBC revival (2010–12). Identifying elements of subversion and subjectivity allows scholarship on the LWT series to be reassessed, recognising occasions where it challenges rather than supports the social structures of the depicted Edwardian past. The BBC series also incorporates the post-heritage element of self-consciousness, acknowledging the parallel between its narrative and the production’s attempts to recreate the success of its 1970s predecessor. The article’s first section assesses the critical history of the LWT series, identifying areas that are open to further study or revised readings. The second section analyses the serialised war narrative of the fourth series of LWT’s Upstairs, Downstairs (1974), revealing its exploration of female identity across multiple episodes and challenging the notion that the series became more male and upstairs dominated as it progressed. The third section considers the BBC series’ revised concept, identifying the shifts in its main characters’ positions in society that allow the series’ narrative to question the past it evokes. This will be briefly contrasted with the heritage stability of Downton Abbey (ITV, 2010–15). The final section considers the household of 165 Eaton Place’s function as a studio space, which the BBC series self-consciously adopts in order to evoke the aesthetics of prior period dramas. The article concludes by suggesting that the barriers to recreating the past established in the BBC series’ narrative also contributed to its failure to match the success of its earlier iteration.

Presentation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Redacción CEIICH
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
Feminist Theories ◽  
History Of

<p class="p1">The third number of <span class="s1"><strong>INTER</strong></span><span class="s2"><strong>disciplina </strong></span>underscores this generic reference of <em>Bodies </em>as an approach to a key issue in the understanding of social reality from a humanistic perspective, and to understand, from the social point of view, the contributions of the research in philosophy of the body, cultural history of the anatomy, as well as the approximations queer, feminist theories and the psychoanalytical, and literary studies.</p>

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