scholarly journals Axillary Web Syndrome: characterization of the different forms of clinical presentation of the cord.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla Carmo ◽  
Ruffo Freitas-Junior ◽  
Rosemar Macedo de Souza Rahal ◽  
Nayara Alves de Freitas Lemos
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Elbow Extension ◽  
Rater Agreement ◽  
Axillary Web Syndrome ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Syndrome Classification

Abstract ObjectiveDescribe and characterize the forms of presentation and manifestation of the cord present in the Axillary Web Syndrome.Materials and MethodsAfter a favorable opinion from the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Goiás, the construction of items for the Axillary Web Syndrome Classification Scale began, based on the search for concepts involved in its diagnosis. The various steps of construction, application and validation of the instrument occurred from April 2020 to August 2021. The research took place at the outpatient clinic of Mastology at Hospital das Clínicas (Goiás). In the evaluation position: supine, upper limb ipsilateral to the breast operated in abduction, extension and external rotation of the shoulder, extension and supination of the elbow, extension of the wrist and fingers, information on the specific characteristics of the cord was recorded.ResultsThe means presented by the evaluators were almost identical for the variables related to the characterization of the cord, indicating a strong correlation, Cronbach's alpha was 0.894 for evaluator 1 and 0.879 for evaluator 2, indicating strong internal consistency. Inter-rater agreement was 100% (p>0.001) for almost all variables evaluated, with the lowest Kappa coefficient (0.77 p>0.001) for “Length”.ConclusionA consensus on classification criteria can be useful among researchers and practitioners. The fibrous cord classification items compiled in this study address its forms of presentation and manifestation and contribute to standardizing the assessment and classification of Axillary Web Syndrome.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Hepatitis B in Blood Groups and Level of Education of Blood Donors in Al-Najaf Governorate

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 735-739
Author(s):  
Pritee Chunarkar Patil ◽  
Darshit Ashokkumar Patel ◽  
Vidya Sunil Tale
Keyword(s):  
Blood Donors ◽  
Dam Reservoir ◽  
Bacterial Composition ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Taxonomical Classification ◽  
Seasonal Analysis ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Taxonomic Characterization

Advancement in sequencing techniques and transformative progress in metagenomics provides an unprecedented platform for functional and taxonomic characterization of the enormous microbial diversity inhabiting and governing various biochemical processes of the freshwater sources. Metagenomic analysis of freshwater resources has led to the discovery and identification of novel microbial genes and an understanding of how microorganisms mediate energy and carbon. In this study, we report the taxonomical classification of bacterial sequences obtained from 6 dam reservoir sites in Pune city, Maharashtra, India. The analysis was performed using two different alignment tools: BLAST and Kaiju. The bacterial diversity was dominated by the presence of Vogecella indigofera, uncultured Proteobacterium, Wolinella Succinogenes, Chromobacterium violaceum, and Heliobacter billis. It was further observed that, despite an identical bacterial composition over various reservoir sites, there were nominal differences in the relative abundance of the inhabitant species. Almost all reservoirs were dominated by Vogecella indigofera (~29%) and uncultured Proteobacterium (~15%). A seasonal analysis performed using BLAST resulted in a number of species exclusive to the season and the site of their growth. A high proportion of unidentified sequences were also reported which demands sequential identification. The results obtained through BLAST and Kaiju, were significantly different, suggesting inconsistencies and inaccuracies in existing metagenomic reads comparison.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Hepatitis B in Blood Groups and Level of Education of Blood Donors in Al-Najaf Governorate

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 839-851
Author(s):  
Pritee Chunarkar Patil ◽  
Darshit Ashokkumar Patel ◽  
Vidya Sunil Tale
Keyword(s):  
Blood Donors ◽  
Dam Reservoir ◽  
Bacterial Composition ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Taxonomical Classification ◽  
Seasonal Analysis ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Taxonomic Characterization

Advancement in sequencing techniques and transformative progress in metagenomics provides an unprecedented platform for functional and taxonomic characterization of the enormous microbial diversity inhabiting and governing various biochemical processes of the freshwater sources. Metagenomic analysis of freshwater resources has led to the discovery and identification of novel microbial genes and an understanding of how microorganisms mediate energy and carbon. In this study, we report the taxonomical classification of bacterial sequences obtained from 6 dam reservoir sites in Pune city, Maharashtra, India. The analysis was performed using two different alignment tools: BLAST and Kaiju. The bacterial diversity was dominated by the presence of Vogecella indigofera, uncultured Proteobacterium, Wolinella Succinogenes, Chromobacterium violaceum, and Heliobacter billis. It was further observed that, despite an identical bacterial composition over various reservoir sites, there were nominal differences in the relative abundance of the inhabitant species. Almost all reservoirs were dominated by Vogecella indigofera (~29%) and uncultured Proteobacterium (~15%). A seasonal analysis performed using BLAST resulted in a number of species exclusive to the season and the site of their growth. A high proportion of unidentified sequences were also reported which demands sequential identification. The results obtained through BLAST and Kaiju, were significantly different, suggesting inconsistencies and inaccuracies in existing metagenomic reads comparison.

A Thorough Theoretical Exploration of Intriguing Characteristics of Cyclo[18]carbon: Geometry, Bonding Nature, Aromaticity, Weak Interaction, Reactivity, Excited States, Vibrations, Molecular Dynamics and Various Molecular Properties

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Lu ◽  
Qinxue Chen ◽  
Zeyu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Excited States ◽  
Electronic Excitation ◽  
Ring Structure ◽  
Molecular Properties ◽  
Molecular Vibration ◽  
Full Characterization ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Almost All

Although cyclo[18]carbon has been theoretically and experimentally investigated since long time ago, only very recently it was prepared and directly observed by means of STM/AFM in condensed phase (Kaiser et al., <i>Science</i>, <b>365</b>, 1299 (2019)). The unique ring structure and dual 18-center π delocalization feature bring a variety of unusual characteristics and properties to the cyclo[18]carbon, which are quite worth to be explored. In this work, we present an extremely comprehensive and detailed investigation on almost all aspects of the cyclo[18]carbon, including (1) Geometric characteristics (2) Bonding nature (3) Electron delocalization and aromaticity (4) Intermolecular interaction (5) Reactivity (6) Electronic excitation and UV/Vis spectrum (7) Molecular vibration and IR/Raman spectrum (8) Molecular dynamics (9) Response to external field (10) Electron ionization, affinity and accompanied process (11) Various molecular properties. We believe that our full characterization of the cyclo[18]carbon will greatly deepen researchers' understanding of this system, and thereby help them to utilize it in practice and design its various valuable derivatives.

A Thorough Theoretical Exploration of Intriguing Characteristics of Cyclo[18]carbon: Geometry, Bonding Nature, Aromaticity, Weak Interaction, Reactivity, Excited States, Vibrations, Molecular Dynamics and Various Molecular Properties

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Lu ◽  
Qinxue Chen ◽  
Zeyu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Excited States ◽  
Electronic Excitation ◽  
Ring Structure ◽  
Molecular Properties ◽  
Molecular Vibration ◽  
Full Characterization ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Almost All

Although cyclo[18]carbon has been theoretically and experimentally investigated since long time ago, only very recently it was prepared and directly observed by means of STM/AFM in condensed phase (Kaiser et al., <i>Science</i>, <b>365</b>, 1299 (2019)). The unique ring structure and dual 18-center π delocalization feature bring a variety of unusual characteristics and properties to the cyclo[18]carbon, which are quite worth to be explored. In this work, we present an extremely comprehensive and detailed investigation on almost all aspects of the cyclo[18]carbon, including (1) Geometric characteristics (2) Bonding nature (3) Electron delocalization and aromaticity (4) Intermolecular interaction (5) Reactivity (6) Electronic excitation and UV/Vis spectrum (7) Molecular vibration and IR/Raman spectrum (8) Molecular dynamics (9) Response to external field (10) Electron ionization, affinity and accompanied process (11) Various molecular properties. We believe that our full characterization of the cyclo[18]carbon will greatly deepen researchers' understanding of this system, and thereby help them to utilize it in practice and design its various valuable derivatives.

Physicochemical and bacteriological characterization of hospital effluents and their impact on the environment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Hospital Effluents ◽  
Biological Contaminants ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Direct Discharge ◽  
Significant Chemical

Liquid effluents discharged by hospitals may contain chemical and biological contaminants whose main source is the different substances used for the treatment of patients. This type of rejection can present a sanitary potentially dangerous risk for human health and can provoke a strong degradation of diverse environmental compartments mainly water and soils. The present study focuses on the quality of the liquid effluents of Hassani Abdelkader’s hospital of Sidi Bel-Abbes (West of Algeria). The results reveal a significant chemical pollution (COD: 879 mgO2/L, BOD5: 850 mgO2/L, NH4+ : 47.9 mg/l, NO2- : 4.2 mg/l, NO3- : 56.8 mg/l with respect to WHO standard of 90 mgO2/L, 30 mgO2/L, 0.5 mg/l, 1 mg/l and 1 mg/l respectively). However, these effluents are biodegradable since the ratio COD/BOD5 do not exceeded the value of 2 in almost all samples. The presence of pathogen germs is put into evidence such as pseudomonas, the clostridium, the staphylococcus, the fecal coliforms and fecal streptococcus. These results show that the direct discharge of these effluents constitutes a major threat to human health and the environment.

Clinical Epidemiology of Coronavirus Disease 2019:Defined on Current Research

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengyu Zhang ◽  
Claude Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Clinical Epidemiology ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Immunological Response ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Clinical Type ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Potential Therapeutics

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new infectious respiratory disease that has caused the ongoing global pandemic. The primary purpose of this article is to describe evolving clinical epidemiology of COVID-19, including 1) infection and testing, 2) clinical spectrum including classification of clinical type, asymptomatic cases, severe cases and comorbidity, and clinical and immunological response, 3) regional variation in clinical presentation, 4) population distribution by age, sex, and occupation, and finally, 5) case-fatality. This content may provide important information on detailed clinical type and presentation of the disease, in which appropriate clinical outcomes can be derived for developing prevention strategies and clinical studies or trials that aim to test potential therapeutics or products for different patient populations.

scholarly journals Interobserver agreement of the Paris and simplified classifications of superficial colonic lesions: a Western study

2021 ◽  
Vol 09 (03) ◽  
pp. E388-E394
Author(s):  
Francesco Cocomazzi ◽  
Marco Gentile ◽  
Francesco Perri ◽  
Antonio Merla ◽  
Fabrizio Bossa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interobserver Agreement ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Rater Agreement ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Video Clips ◽  
Paris Classification ◽  
Level Of Agreement

Abstract Background and study aims The Paris classification of superficial colonic lesions has been widely adopted, but a simplified description that subgroups the shape into pedunculated, sessile/flat and depressed lesions has been proposed recently. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and inter-rater agreement among 13 Western endoscopists for the two classification systems. Methods Seventy video clips of superficial colonic lesions were classified according to the two classifications, and their size estimated. The interobserver agreement for each classification was assessed using both Cohen k and AC1 statistics. Accuracy was taken as the concordance between the standard morphology definition and that made by participants. Sensitivity analyses investigated agreement between trainees (T) and staff members (SM), simple or mixed lesions, distinct lesion phenotypes, and for laterally spreading tumors (LSTs). Results Overall, the interobserver agreement for the Paris classification was substantial (κ = 0.61; AC1 = 0.66), with 79.3 % accuracy. Between SM and T, the values were superimposable. For size estimation, the agreement was 0.48 by the κ-value, and 0.50 by AC1. For single or mixed lesions, κ-values were 0.60 and 0.43, respectively; corresponding AC1 values were 0.68 and 0.57. Evaluating the several different polyp subtypes separately, agreement differed significantly when analyzed by the k-statistics (0.08–0.12) or the AC1 statistics (0.59–0.71). Analyses of LSTs provided a κ-value of 0.50 and an AC1 score of 0.62, with 77.6 % accuracy. The simplified classification outperformed the Paris classification: κ = 0.68, AC1 = 0.82, accuracy = 91.6 %. Conclusions Agreement is often measured with Cohen’s κ, but we documented higher levels of agreement when analyzed with the AC1 statistic. The level of agreement was substantial for the Paris classification, and almost perfect for the simplified system.

scholarly journals Morphological and Ultrastructural Characterization of Hemocytes in an Insect Model, the Hematophagous Dipetalogaster maxima (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 640
Author(s):  
Natalia R. Moyetta ◽  
Fabián O. Ramos ◽  
Jimena Leyria ◽  
Lilián E. Canavoso ◽  
Leonardo L. Fruttero
Keyword(s):  
Cell Biology ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ultrastructural Characterization ◽  
Current Classification ◽  
Contrast Microscopy ◽  
First Time ◽  
Controversial Aspect

Hemocytes, the cells present in the hemolymph of insects and other invertebrates, perform several physiological functions, including innate immunity. The current classification of hemocyte types is based mostly on morphological features; however, divergences have emerged among specialists in triatomines, the insect vectors of Chagas’ disease (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Here, we have combined technical approaches in order to characterize the hemocytes from fifth instar nymphs of the triatomine Dipetalogaster maxima. Moreover, in this work we describe, for the first time, the ultrastructural features of D. maxima hemocytes. Using phase contrast microscopy of fresh preparations, five hemocyte populations were identified and further characterized by immunofluorescence, flow cytometry and transmission electron microscopy. The plasmatocytes and the granulocytes were the most abundant cell types, although prohemocytes, adipohemocytes and oenocytes were also found. This work sheds light on a controversial aspect of triatomine cell biology and physiology setting the basis for future in-depth studies directed to address hemocyte classification using non-microscopy-based markers.

scholarly journals Semi-automated regional classification of the style of activity of slow rock-slope deformations using PS InSAR and SqueeSAR velocity data

Landslides ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Crippa ◽  
Elena Valbuzzi ◽  
Paolo Frattini ◽  
Giovanni B. Crosta ◽  
Margherita C. Spreafico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rock Slope ◽  
Progressive Failure ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Displacement Rate ◽  
Machine Learning Classification ◽  
Management Perspective ◽  
Alpine Environments

AbstractLarge slow rock-slope deformations, including deep-seated gravitational slope deformations and large landslides, are widespread in alpine environments. They develop over thousands of years by progressive failure, resulting in slow movements that impact infrastructures and can eventually evolve into catastrophic rockslides. A robust characterization of their style of activity is thus required in a risk management perspective. We combine an original inventory of slow rock-slope deformations with different PS-InSAR and SqueeSAR datasets to develop a novel, semi-automated approach to characterize and classify 208 slow rock-slope deformations in Lombardia (Italian Central Alps) based on their displacement rate, kinematics, heterogeneity and morphometric expression. Through a peak analysis of displacement rate distributions, we characterize the segmentation of mapped landslides and highlight the occurrence of nested sectors with differential activity and displacement rates. Combining 2D decomposition of InSAR velocity vectors and machine learning classification, we develop an automatic approach to characterize the kinematics of each landslide. Then, we sequentially combine principal component and K-medoids cluster analyses to identify groups of slow rock-slope deformations with consistent styles of activity. Our methodology is readily applicable to different landslide datasets and provides an objective and cost-effective support to land planning and the prioritization of local-scale studies aimed at granting safety and infrastructure integrity.

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