Peripheral Interleukin-18 Is Negatively Correlated With Abnormal Brain Activity In Patients With Depression: A Resting-State fMRI Study
Abstract Background: Interleukin-18 (IL-18) may participate in the development of major depressive disorder, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to explore whether IL-18 correlates with areas of the brain associated with depression.Methods: Using a case-control design, 68 subjects (34 patients and 34 healthy controls) underwent clinical assessment, blood sampling, and resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). The total Hamilton depression-17 (HAMD-17) score was used to assess depression severity. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect IL-18 levels. Rest-state fMRI was conducted to explore the spontaneous brain activity. Results: The level of IL-18 was higher in patients with depression in comparison with health controls. IL-18 and degree centrality (DC) were negatively correlated with the left posterior cingulate gyrus in the depression patient group, but no correlation was found in the healthy control group. Conclusion: This study suggests the involvement of IL-18 in the pathophysiological mechanism for depression and interference with brain activity.