scholarly journals Immediate Effect of Trunk Flexion And Extension Isometric Exercise Using An External Compression Device On Electromyography of The Hip Extensor And Trunk Range of Motion Of Healthy Subjects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian-Zong Huang ◽  
Suhn Yeop Kim
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Muscle Fatigue ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Trunk Flexion ◽  
Endurance Test ◽  
External Compression ◽  
Compression Device ◽  
Onset Timing ◽  
Flexion And Extension

Abstract Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a very common symptom experienced by individuals across all age groups. Previous study established that using a device known as Active Therapeutic Movement version 2 (ATM®2) has been developed to improve pain and joint range of motion (ROM) in patients with LBP. However, no study has examined the physiological change in the muscle through ATM®2-based exercise thus far. This study aimed to determine the immediate effects of ATM®2 exercise on the contraction timing, back extension endurance, muscle fatigue, and trunk ROM of lumbar and lower limb muscles in healthy subjects.Methods: Thirty-six healthy subjects (mean age=23.16±2.3) volunteered to participate in this study. Subjects were instructed to perform ROM test using sit and reach test, back extensor endurance test using Biering-Sorensen test, erector spinae (ES), lumbar multifidus (LM) fatigue and onset time of Gluteus maximus (GM) in prone hip extension using electromyography before and after trunk flexion and extension isometric exercises.Results: The ROM in trunk flexion showed a significant increase by 7.9% after exercise compared to that before exercise (p<0.05). Relative GM contraction onset timing significantly decreased after exercise (p<0.05). The result of the Sorensen test after exercise showed a trend of increase in duration time. Muscle fatigue in the LM, however, showed a significant increase (p<0.05), whereas muscle fatigue in the ES was reduced without statistical significance.Conclusions: The results base on this study showed a significant increase in the trunk ROM after trunk flexion and extension isometric exercise using an external compression device, while the relative contraction onset timing in the GM significantly reduced. Furthermore, the muscle endurance test after exercise showed a trend of increase in the duration time with a decreasing trend in muscle fatigue in the ES. Exercise based on ATM®2 is an effective exercise protocol with an effect on biomechanics of healthy subjects. This exercise may be suitable in clinical practice for patients with LBP, for which long-term effects can be expected.

Effect of Trunk-Muscle Fatigue and Lactic Acid Accumulation on Balance in Healthy Subjects

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozgur Surenkok ◽  
Ayse Kin-Isler ◽  
Aydan Aytar ◽  
Zuhal Gültekin
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Muscle Fatigue ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Trunk Muscle ◽  
Trunk Flexion ◽  
Fatigue Protocol ◽  
Acid Accumulation ◽  
Dependent Samples ◽  
Flexion And Extension

Objective:This study sought to determine the effects of trunk-muscle fatigue and blood lactic acid elevation on static and dynamic balance.Intervention:Fatigue was induced by an isokinetic protocol, and static and dynamic balance were assessed during bilateral stance using a Kinesthetic Ability Trainer. Subjects participated in a fatigue protocol in which continuous concentric movements at 60°/s were performed until the torque output for both trunk flexion and extension dropped below 25% of the calculated peak torque for 3 consecutive movements.Measures:Before and immediately after the fatigue protocol, blood lactic acid measurements and static- and dynamic-balance measurements were recorded.Results:An increase in lactic acid levels was detected in all subjects. According to a dependent-samples t test, significant differences in balance and lactic acid values were found after the fatigue protocol. There was no correlation between lactic acid accumulation (change between prefatigue and postfatigue levels) and balance-score differences.Conclusion:Trunk-muscle fatigue has an adverse effect on static and dynamic balance.

scholarly journals Trunk Range of Motion Is Related to Axial Rigidity, Functional Mobility and Quality of Life in Parkinson’s Disease: An Exploratory Study

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 2482
Author(s):  
Roberto Cano-de-la-Cuerda ◽  
Lydia Vela-Desojo ◽  
Marcos Moreno-Verdú ◽  
María del Rosario Ferreira-Sánchez ◽  
Yolanda Macías-Macías ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Trunk Flexion ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Flexion And Extension

Background: People with Parkinson’s disease (PD) present deficits of the active range of motion (ROM), prominently in their trunk. However, if these deficits are associated with axial rigidity, the functional mobility or health related quality of life (HRQoL), remains unknown. The aim of this paper is to study the relationship between axial ROM and axial rigidity, the functional mobility and HRQoL in patients with mild to moderate PD. Methods: An exploratory study was conducted. Non-probabilistic sampling of consecutive cases was used. Active trunk ROM was assessed by a universal goniometer. A Biodex System isokinetic dynamometer was used to measure the rigidity of the trunk. Functional mobility was determined by the Get Up and Go (GUG) test, and HRQoL was assessed with the PDQ-39 and EuroQol-5D questionnaires. Results: Thirty-six mild to moderate patients with PD were evaluated. Significant correlations were observed between trunk extensors rigidity and trunk flexion and extension ROM. Significant correlations were observed between trunk flexion, extension and rotation ROM and GUG. Moreover, significant correlations were observed between trunk ROM for flexion, extension and rotations (both sides) and PDQ-39 total score. However, these correlations were considered poor. Conclusions: Trunk ROM for flexion and extension movements, measured by a universal goniometer, were correlated with axial extensors rigidity, evaluated by a technological device at 30°/s and 45°/s, and functional mobility. Moreover, trunk ROM for trunk flexion, extension and rotations were correlated with HRQoL in patients with mild to moderate PD.

Measuring the force perception in knee flexor/ extensor muscles in patients with anterior cruciate ligament injury and healthy subjects

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Bahram Amirshakeri ◽  
Minoo Khalkhali Zavieh ◽  
Mandana Rezaei ◽  
Hakimeh Adigozali
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Acl Injury ◽  
Injured Limb ◽  
Knee Flexor ◽  
Force Perception ◽  
Extensor Muscles ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Flexion And Extension

BACKGROUND: Force perception as a contributor to the neuromuscular control of the knee joint may be altered after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the force perception accuracy in the knee joints of patients with ACL injury and healthy subjects. METHODS: Twenty-six patients with ACL injury and 26 healthy subjects participated in this case-control study. Participants were asked to produce 50% of the maximum voluntary isometric contraction of the knee muscles as a target force and reproduce it in their limbs in flexion and extension directions. RESULTS: There were significant interactions between group and condition as well as group, condition, and limb in the force perception error respectively (P< 0.05). The highest amount of error was seen in the contralateral limb of the ACL injury group when the reference force was produced in the injured limb (P< 0.05). CONCLUSION: The findings revealed that the force perception accuracy in the knee flexor/extensor muscles of individuals with ACL injury is impaired. Moreover, error is most evident when the patient produces force in the injured limb and replicates it in the uninjured limb in both flexion and extension directions. Therefore, the rehabilitation programs should encompass neuromuscular training in both quadriceps and hamstrings after ACL injury.

Measuring Mobility of the Metacarpophalangeal Joints II, III, IV, and V in the Dorso-Volar Plane

1984 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Wagner ◽  
D Drescher
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Interrater Agreement ◽  
Range Of Movement ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Examination Method ◽  
Total Range ◽  
Flexion And Extension

An electronic gravity goniometer was developed for determining the passive range of movement of the MCP joints II, III, IV, and V in the dorso-volar plane by the use of preset torques. Test–retest measurements on 23 healthy subjects between the ages of 18 and 57 demonstrated high intrarater and interrater agreement for determining the total range. In the determination of the amounts of flexion and extension the measurement of the flexion was less reliable. There was overall evidence of a declining tendency of reliability from MCP joint II to MCP joint V, probably caused by different reactions of the joints to repeated measurements. The higher total range of the MCP joints in women was principally caused by a higher range of extension. In the case of men and women the range of MCP joint V was noticeably greater than that of the other three joints. The mobility of the four MCP joints correlates relatively closely as a whole, however, in the case of the non-adjacent joints less closely than with the adjacent joints. Reliability and validity of the examination method were balanced against one another with regard to testing of the biomechanical pre-conditions for manual dexterity.

Patient Self-Assessed Passive Range of Motion of the Knee Cannot Replace Health Professional Measurements

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (08) ◽  
pp. 829-834
Author(s):  
Frank Madsen ◽  
Anders Odgaard ◽  
Jens Borgbjerg
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Flexion Contracture ◽  
Patient Assessment ◽  
Limits Of Agreement ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Knee Motion ◽  
Bland Altman Method ◽  
Flexion And Extension ◽  
Patient Self Assessment

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate whether patients can accurately self-assess their knee passive range of motion (PROM). A picture-based questionnaire for patient self-assessment of knee PROM was developed and posted to patients. The self-assessed PROM from 58 patients was compared with surgeon-assessed PROM using a short-arm goniometer. Agreement between the measurement methods was calculated with the Bland-Altman method. We calculated the sensitivity and specificity of patient-assessed PROM in dichotomously detecting knee motion impairment in both flexion (≤ 100 degrees) and extension (≥ 10-degree flexion contracture). Surgeon- and patient-assessed knee PROM showed a mean difference (95% limits of agreement) of −2.1 degrees (−42.5 to 38.3 degrees) for flexion and −8.1 degrees (−28.8 to 12.7 degrees) for extension. The sensitivity of patient self-assessed PROM in identifying knee flexion and extension impairments was 86 and 100%, respectively, whereas its specificity was 84 and 43%, respectively. Although wide limits of agreement were observed between surgeon- and patient-assessed knee PROM, the picture-based questionnaire for patient assessment of knee ROM was found to be a valid tool for dichotomously detecting knee motion impairment in flexion (≤ 100 degrees). However, the specificity of the questionnaire for detection of knee extension impairments (≥ 10-degree flexion contracture) was low, which limits is practical utility for this purpose.

Limits to the Control of the Human Thumb and Fingers in Flexion and Extension

2010 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 278-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. S. Yu ◽  
H. van Duinen ◽  
S. C. Gandevia
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Neural Control ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Total Force ◽  
Neural Drive ◽  
Antagonist Muscles ◽  
Hand Performance ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Flexion And Extension

In humans, hand performance has evolved from a crude multidigit grasp to skilled individuated finger movements. However, control of the fingers is not completely independent. Although musculotendinous factors can limit independent movements, constraints in supraspinal control are more important. Most previous studies examined either flexion or extension of the digits. We studied differences in voluntary force production by the five digits, in both flexion and extension tasks. Eleven healthy subjects were instructed either to maximally flex or extend their digits, in all single- and multidigit combinations. They received visual feedback of total force produced by “instructed” digits and had to ignore “noninstructed” digits. Despite attempts to maximally flex or extend instructed digits, subjects rarely generated their “maximal” force, resulting in a “force deficit,” and produced forces with noninstructed digits (“enslavement”). Subjects performed differently in flexion and extension tasks. Enslavement was greater in extension than in flexion tasks ( P = 0.019), whereas the force deficit in multidigit tasks was smaller in extension ( P = 0.035). The difference between flexion and extension in the relationships between the enslavement and force deficit suggests a difference in balance of spillover of neural drive to agonists acting on neighboring digits and focal neural drive to antagonist muscles. An increase in drive to antagonists would lead to more individualized movements. The pattern of force production matches the daily use of the digits. These results reveal a neural control system that preferentially lifts fingers together by extension but allows an individual digit to flex so that the finger pads can explore and grasp.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Strength and Irradiated Movement Pattern Resulting from Trunk Motions of the Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Bahia Gontijo ◽  
Polianna Delfino Pereira ◽  
Camila Danielle Cunha Neves ◽  
Ana Paula Santos ◽  
Dionis de Castro Dutra Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Trunk Flexion ◽  
Average Force ◽  
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation ◽  
Muscular Activation ◽  
Flexion And Extension ◽  
Regional Muscle ◽  
Dorsal Flexion

Introduction. The proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) is a physiotherapeutic concept based on muscle and joint proprioceptive stimulation. Among its principles, the irradiation is the reaction of the distinct regional muscle contractions to the position of the application of the motions.Objective. To investigate the presence of irradiated dorsiflexion and plantar flexion and the existing strength generated by them during application of PNF trunk motions.Methods. The study was conducted with 30 sedentary and female volunteers, the PNF motions of trunk flexion, and extension with the foot (right and left) positioned in a developed equipment coupled to the load cell, which measured the strength irradiated in Newton.Results. Most of the volunteers irradiated dorsal flexion in the performance of the flexion and plantar flexion during the extension motion, both presenting an average force of 8.942 N and 10.193 N, respectively.Conclusion. The distal irradiation in lower limbs became evident, reinforcing the therapeutic actions to the PNF indirect muscular activation.

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