scholarly journals Indigenous Goat Selection and Breeding Practices in Pastoral areas of West Guji zone, Southern Oromia, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teshager Muluneh ◽  
Wondim Awoke
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
Breeding Objectives ◽  
Inbreeding Rate ◽  
Indigenous Goat ◽  
Breeding Practices

Abstract Placing relevant breeding objectives and identification of indigenous breeding practices is crucial to integrating modern development in animal breeding into purposeful industry programs. Hence, the objective of this study was to identify selection criteria and indigenous breeding practices of the goat in Abaya and Galan district southern Oromia, part of Ethiopia. Data were collected from 180 households through interview schedules and focus group discussions. The effective population size and inbreeding rate of the community were calculated using ΔF = 1/2Ne. Conformation, growth rate, coat color for buck and conformation, twining ability, age at sexual maturity, kidding interval, and color for females are selection criteria for replacement of stock in the study area. In both districts, farmers have relatively similar production and breeding objectives. Conformation is hub selection criteria for replacement of breeding flock. The study area has liable by inbreeding 0.22 in Abaya and 0.29 in Galan. Goat in the study area is prolific twinning birth (72.22%). Trait preferences of farmers in goats were conformation, growth rate, twinning, and kidding interval. Hence adopting a community-based goat breeding program that is suited to study areas which aimed at improving preferred traits is relevant.

scholarly journals Breeding objectives, selection criteria and breeding system of indigenous goat types in bale zone, oromia, Ethiopia

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Belete Asefa ◽  
Kefelegn Kebede ◽  
Kefena Effa
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Effective Population Size ◽  
Breeding System ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Random Mating ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Breeding Objectives ◽  
Bale Zone

The study was undertaken in bale zone to assess farmer’s selective breeding objectives, trait preferences, selection criteria and breeding system October 2012 to November 2013. A purposive and multistage sampling technique was applied for selection of 3 district and 9 kebeles. Then 360 households were selected by using simple random sampling techniques after the list of pastoralist having goats was identified. Statistical analysis system version 9.1 was used for analysis of data. Indices, effective population size and rate of inbreeding were calculated on average each respondent holds about 14 goats. Milk production is the main reason of goat keeping in the study area. Appearance is the first rank as selection criteria for male and female in all studies area. About 47.8% of the respondents have their own buck. The main use of breeding buck in the study area was for mating purpose (76.2%). Mean estimate of effective population size and mean rate of inbreeding was 2.43 and 0.21, respectively when a household flock is herded alone and under random mating. Therefore, any breed improvement strategies that are intended to be implemented in the study area and else- where should consider the traditional breeding practices and breeding objectives of the community.Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 5 (2): 7-15, December, 2015

Selection for components of efficient lean growth in Landrace pigs

1994 ◽  
Vol 1994 ◽  
pp. 10-10
Author(s):  
M.K. Curran ◽  
N.D. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Control Line ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
Lean Growth ◽  
Food Conversion Ratio ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Selection For ◽  
One Year

To study responses to divergent selection for lean growth rate (LGA), lean food conversion ratio (LFC) and daily food intake (DFI), an experiment was started in 1984 at Edinburgh and Wye. This paper measured the selection pressure applied, the responses in the selection criteria and estimated the genetic and phenotypic relationships between the selection criteria with ad-libitum feeding of Landrace pigs after four generations of selection.The LGA (LFC) selection objective was to obtain equal correlated responses in growth rate (food conversion ratio) and carcass lean content, measured in phenotypic s.d. The LGA, LFC and DFI selection criteria had phenotypic s.d. of 32, 29 and 270 units and results are presented in s.d. units.Boars and gilts were purchased from eight British nucleus herds and boars from national artificial insemination centres in 1982. Homozygous or heterozygous halothane positive pigs were not included in the experiment. The base population consisted of 20 sires and 89 dams. Within each of the three selection groups, there were high and low selection lines with a control line, each consisting of 10 boars and 20 gilts, with a generation interval of one year. There were two control lines, one for LGA and one for LFC and DFI, as selection groups were arrowed continuously. The total number of pigs tested per line and average inbreeding coefficient at generation 4, within selection group are given below.

Breeding objectives and selection criteria for four strains of Pakistani Beetal goats identified in a participatory approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 106163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faisal Ramzan ◽  
Muhammad Sajjad Khan ◽  
Shaukat Ali Bhatti ◽  
Mehmet Gültas ◽  
Armin O. Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Participatory Approach ◽  
Breeding Objectives

Pastoralists' indigenous selection criteria and other breeding practices of the long-horned Ankole cattle in Uganda

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Rugira Kugonza ◽  
Margaret Nabasirye ◽  
Olivier Hanotte ◽  
Denis Mpairwe ◽  
A. Mwai Okeyo
Keyword(s):  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Ankole Cattle ◽  
Breeding Practices

scholarly journals Modeling the growth and decline of pathogen effective population size provides insight into epidemic dynamics and drivers of antimicrobial resistance

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik M. Volz ◽  
Xavier Didelot
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Effective Population Size ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Parametric Models ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Epidemic Dynamics ◽  
Non Parametric

AbstractNon-parametric population genetic modeling provides a simple and flexible approach for studying demographic history and epidemic dynamics using pathogen sequence data. Existing Bayesian approaches are premised on stationary stochastic processes which may provide an unrealistic prior for epidemic histories which feature extended period of exponential growth or decline. We show that non-parametric models defined in terms of the growth rate of the effective population size can provide a more realistic prior for epidemic history. We propose a non-parametric autoregressive model on the growth rate as a prior for effective population size, which corresponds to the dynamics expected under many epidemic situations. We demonstrate the use of this model within a Bayesian phylodynamic inference framework. Our method correctly reconstructs trends of epidemic growth and decline from pathogen genealogies even when genealogical data is sparse and conventional skyline estimators erroneously predict stable population size. We also propose a regression approach for relating growth rates of pathogen effective population size and time-varying variables that may impact the replicative fitness of a pathogen. The model is applied to real data from rabies virus and Staphylococcus aureus epidemics. We find a close correspondence between the estimated growth rates of a lineage of methicillin-resistant S. aureus and population-level prescription rates of β-lactam antibiotics. The new models are implemented in an open source R package called skygrowth which is available at https://mrc-ide.github.io/skygrowth/.

scholarly journals Identifying additional selection criteria for physiotherapy students in Zambia

2000 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
E. M. Nkandu
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Academic Variables ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Physiotherapy Students

The purpose of this study was to investigate additional factors that should be included in the selection process of physiotherapy students in Zambia. A qualitative research design was chosen. Focused group discussions and semi-structured interviews were used for data collection purposes. The results of the study showed that besides pre-selection achievement, a number of non-academic variables should be included in the selection process of students because of their potential to influence academic performance.

The use of product traits such as lean growth rate as selection criteria in animal breeding

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Simm ◽  
C. Smith ◽  
R. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Or Efficiency ◽  
Economic Values ◽  
Lean Growth ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Economic Selection

ABSTRACTIn meat animals there is some interest in lean growth rate or lean food conversion efficiency as selection criteria. These traits may be estimated as the product of growth rate (or efficiency), killing-out proportion and carcass lean proportion. When used as selection criteria these product traits do not require estimates of genetic parameters or economic values for component traits. Hence, they may be more stable, and of longer-term use than classical economic selection indices. The purpose of this study is to compare expected responses to selection on product traits with expected responses from selection, either on individual component traits, or on an economic selection index. Formulae were derived for predicting the phenotypic and genetic correlations between a product and one component, and for predicting the heritability of the product trait; these depend on the coefficients of variation and heritabilities of components, and on the genetic correlations among them. When the coefficient of variation of one component is much higher than that of the other, (× 3), this component will tend to dominate the product trait. In cattle and sheep, and to a lesser extent in pigs, killing-out proportion and leanness are usually less variable than growth rate or efficiency. Thus, in many cases, there is little loss in response in lean growth (or lean efficiency) from selection solely on growth rate (or efficiency) regardless of leanness. Although product traits do not require derivation of economic values, their component traits do have implied economic values. Often more appropriate weightings will be given to components by using an economic selection index, even when economic values and genetic parameters are not estimated precisely.

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