scholarly journals Validity of Using Mobile Phone Surveys to Evaluate Community Health Worker Program in Mali

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomeng Chen ◽  
Diwakar Mohan ◽  
Abdoulaye Maïga ◽  
Emily Frost ◽  
Djeneba Coulibaly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Family Planning Program ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Community Case Management ◽  
Planning Program ◽  
Integrated Community Case Management

Abstract BackgroundAssessing implementation strength through face-to-face interviews in hard-to-reach and unstable regions presents many challenges. Mobile phone-based interviews have become an alternative, but the validity of these data from this approach for Implementation Strength Assessment evaluation has not been sufficiently studied yet. The objective of this study was to assess the validity of mobile phone-based health provider interviews to measure the implementation strength of an integrated community case management (iCCM) and family planning program in Mali.MethodsFrom July to August 2018, interviewers administered a structured questionnaire to community health workers (ASCs) implementing the iCCM and family planning program in six districts in Mali. Interviews were conducted, first by phone, then verified through in-person visits. Survey questions addressed background information, training, supervision, demand generation activities and supplies of essential drugs and contraceptive methods. Sensitivity and specificity of the phone responses were calculated using the in-person response as the gold standard. A threshold of 80% for sensitivity and specificity respectively was considered acceptable.ResultsOf 157 ASCs interviewed by phone, 115 (73.2%) were reached in-person. Most indicators (9/10 iCCM indicators, 6/6 family planning indicators) for training, supervision, and availability of supplies on the day of interview, and those related to patient utilization reached the 80% threshold for sensitivity, but few (2/10 iCCM indicators, 1/6 family planning indicators) reached 80% for specificity. In contrast, most indicators of supply stock-outs in the last 3 months reached the threshold for specificity (5/6 iCCM indicators, 3/3 family planning indicators) but few reached the threshold for sensitivity (1/6 iCCM indicators, 1/3 family planning indicators).ConclusionsThe validity of data collected by phone were adequate for indicators of training, supervision, and day-of-interview commodity availability. Phone-based surveys are useful as a low-cost option for data collection in the assessment of implementation strength on general activities in inaccessible and resource-limited regions with mobile network connectivity.

scholarly journals Validity of using mobile phone surveys to evaluate community health worker program in Mali

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomeng Chen ◽  
Diwakar Mohan ◽  
Abdoulaye Maïga ◽  
Emily Frost ◽  
Djeneba Coulibaly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Family Planning Program ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Planning Program ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Integrated Community Case Management

Abstract Background The monitoring and evaluation of public health programs based on traditional face-to-face interviews in hard-to-reach and unstable regions present many challenges. Mobile phone-based methods are considered to be an effective alternative, but the validity of mobile phone-based data for assessing implementation strength has not been sufficiently studied yet. Nested within an evaluation project for an integrated community case management (iCCM) and family planning program in Mali, this study aimed to assess the validity of a mobile phone-based health provider survey to measure the implementation strength of this program. Methods From July to August 2018, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among the community health workers (ASCs) from six rural districts working with the iCCM and family planning program. ASCs were first reached to complete the mobile phone-based survey; within a week, ASCs were visited in their communities to complete the in-person survey. Both surveys used identical implementation strength tools to collect data on program activities related to iCCM and family planning. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for each implementation strength indicator collected from the phone-based survey, with the in-person survey as the gold standard. A threshold of ≥ 80% for sensitivity and specificity was considered adequate for evaluation purposes. Results Of the 157 ASCs interviewed by mobile phone, 115 (73.2%) were reached in person. Most of the training (2/2 indicators), supervision (2/3), treatment/modern contraceptive supply (9/9), and reporting (3/3) indicators reached the 80% threshold for sensitivity, while only one supervision indicator and one supply indicator reached 80% for specificity. In contrast, most of the stock-out indicators (8/9) reached 80% for specificity, while only two indicators reached the threshold for sensitivity. Conclusions The validity of mobile phone-based data was adequate for general training, supervision, and supply indicators for iCCM and family planning. With sufficient mobile phone coverage and reliable mobile network connection, mobile phone-based surveys are useful as an alternative for data collection to assess the implementation strength of general activities in hard-to-reach areas.

scholarly journals Factor Affecting the Utilization of Family Planning Program Services

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Melda Andriani ◽  
Megawati Megawati ◽  
Asriwati Asriwati ◽  
Lucia Lastiur
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Family Planning Program ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Community Health Center ◽  
Planning Program

Family planning to spacing or planning the number and distance of pregnancies using contraception. Data on active family planning participants based on the type of contraception at the Pasie Raya Community Health Center in 2019 was 39.4%, there was no increase in the coverage of active KB participants based on the type of contraception in 2018 of 49.4%. The aim is to find out what are the factors that influence the use of family planning program services for women in the working area of ​​the Pasie Raya Community Health Center. This type of research is a combination research (mixed methods research) combining or combining quantitative methods and qualitative methods with Accidental Sampling sampling techniques on 90 samples and 5 informants. Quantitative data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression tests. The results of the study showed the influence of knowledge, information sources, culture, family support and support from health workers on the utilization of family planning program services. Based on the multivariate analysis, the support variable for health workers is the dominant variable, while the results of the qualitative analysis on key informants and supporters can be concluded that women have taken advantage of the Kb service program, but most of the women do not understand and understand the benefits that are obtained from the family planning program. The conclusion from the health workers is very important in the utilization of family planning program services. It is recommended that the Health Office conduct more evaluations of family planning services at the Puskesmas. It is necessary to improve the quality of Kb services by including health workers in training.

scholarly journals A Feasibility Study to Assess Non-clinical Community Health Workers’ Capacity to use Simplified Protocols and Tools to Treat Severe Acute Malnutrition in Niger State Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olatunde Adesoro ◽  
Olusola Oresanya ◽  
Helen Counihan ◽  
Prudence Hamade ◽  
Dare Eguavon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Full Recovery ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Community Case Management ◽  
Integrated Community Case Management ◽  
Clinical Community

Abstract Background: Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is a major determinant of childhood mortality and morbidity. Although integrated community case management (iCCM) of childhood illnesses is a strategy for increasing access to life-saving treatment, malnutrition is not properly addressed in the guidelines. This study aimed to determine whether non-clinical Community Health Workers (called Community-Oriented Resource Persons, CORPs) implementing iCCM could use simplified tools to treat uncomplicated SAM.Methods: The study used a sequential mixed-method design and was conducted between July 2017 and May 2018. Sixty CORPs already providing iCCM services were trained and deployed in their communities with the target of enrolling 290 SAM cases. Competency of CORPs to treat and the treatment outcomes of enrolled children were documented. SAM cases with MUAC of 9cm to < 11.5cm without medical complications were treated for up to 12 weeks. Full recovery was at MUAC≥12.5cm for two consecutive weeks. Supervision and quantitative data capturing were done weekly while qualitative data were collected after the intervention.Results: CORPs scored 93.1% on first assessment and increment of 0.11 (95% CI: 0.05 – 0.18) points per additional supervision conducted. The cure rate from SAM to full recovery, excluding referrals from the denominator in line with the standard for reporting SAM recovery rates, was 73.5% and the median length of treatment was seven weeks. SAM cases enrolled at 9cm to <10.25cm MUAC had 29% less likelihood of recovery compared to those enrolled at 10.25cm to <11.5cm. CORPs were not burdened by the integration of SAM into iCCM and felt motivated by children’s recovery. Operational challenges like bad terrains for supervision, supply chain management and referrals were reported by supervisors, while Government funding was identified as key for sustainability.Conclusion: The study demonstrated that with training and supportive supervision, CORPs in Nigeria can treat SAM among under-fives, and refer complicated cases using simplified protocols as part of an iCCM programme. This approach seemed acceptable to all stakeholders, however, the effect of the extra workload of integrating SAM into iCCM on the quality of care provided by the CORPs should be assessed further.

scholarly journals Contribution of Community Health Workers to the treatment of common illnesses among under 5-year-olds in rural Uganda.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Bagenda ◽  
Andrew Christopher Wesuta ◽  
Geren Stone ◽  
Moses Ntaro ◽  
Palka Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Management ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Community Case Management ◽  
Integrated Community Case Management ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Common Illnesses

Abstract Introduction The control of malaria, pneumonia, and diarrhea is important for the reduction in morbidity and mortality among children under five years. Uganda has adopted the Integrated Community Case Management strategy using Community Health Workers to address this challenge. The extent and trend of these three conditions managed by the Community Health Workers are not well documented. This study was done to document Community Health Workers’ contribution towards treatment and the trends of the three common illnesses in Bugoye Sub-County in rural Uganda.

scholarly journals Toward a geography of community health workers in Niger: a geospatial analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas P Oliphant ◽  
Nicolas Ray ◽  
Khaled Bensaid ◽  
Adama Ouedraogo ◽  
Asma Yaroh Gali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Community Case Management ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Integrated Community Case Management ◽  
Geographical Accessibility

Background Little is known about the geography of community health workers (CHWs), their contribution to geographical accessibility of primary health care (PHC) services, and strategies for optimizing efficiency of CHW deployment in the context of universal health coverage (UHC). Methods Using a complete georeferenced census of front-line health facilities and CHWs in Niger and other high resolution spatial datasets, we modelled travel times to front-line health facilities and CHWs between 2000-2013, accounting for training, essential commodities, and maximum population capacity. We estimated additional CHWs needed to maximize geographical accessibility of the population beyond the reach of existing front-line health facilities and CHWs. We assessed the efficiency of geographical targeting of the existing CHW network compared to modelled CHW networks designed to optimize geographical targeting of the estimated population, under-five deaths, and plasmodium falciparum malaria cases. Results The percent of the population within 60 minutes walking to the nearest CHW increased from 0·0% to 17·5% between 2000-2013, with 15·5% within 60 minutes walking to the nearest CHW trained on integrated community case management (iCCM) — making PHC services and iCCM, specifically, geographically accessible for an estimated 2·3 million and 2·0 million additional people, respectively. An estimated 10·4 million people (59·0%) remained beyond a 60-minute catchment of front-line health facilities and CHWs. Optimal deployment of 8064 additional CHWs could increase geographic coverage of the estimated total population from 41·5% to 73·6%. Geographical targeting of the existing CHW network was inefficient but optimized CHW networks could improve efficiency by 55·0%-81·9%, depending on targeting metric. Interpretations We provide the first high-resolution maps and estimates of geographical accessibility to CHWs at national scale, highlighting improvements between 2000-2013 in Niger, geographies where gaps remained, approaches for improving targeting, and the importance of putting CHWs on the map to inform planning in the context of UHC.

scholarly journals Where there is no doctor: can volunteer community health workers in rural Uganda provide integrated community case management?

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Brenner ◽  
Celestine Barigye ◽  
Samuel Maling ◽  
Jerome Kabakyenga ◽  
Alberto Nettel-Aguirre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Management ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Community Case Management ◽  
Integrated Community Case Management
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