scholarly journals An Aqueous, Electrode-Decoupled Redox-Flow Battery for Long Duration Energy Storage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Ramani ◽  
Shrihari Sankarasubramanian ◽  
Yunzhu Zhang ◽  
Cheng He ◽  
Thomas Gregory
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Capacity Fade ◽  
Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Flow Battery ◽  
Load Following ◽  
Arbitrage Opportunities ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Abstract Redox-flow batteries (RFBs) enable large-scale energy storage at low cost due to the independent scaling of device power and energy, thereby unlocking energy arbitrage opportunities and providing a pathway to grid stability and resiliency. Herein we demonstrate an “electrode-decoupled” redox-flow battery (ED-RFB) with titanium and cerium elemental actives that has a clear pathway to achieve a levelized cost of storage (LCOS) of ca $0.025/kWh-cycle. A key enabling technology is our highly perm-selective modified poly(ether ketone)-based anion exchange membrane (AEM) that ensures long term separation of Ti and Ce species and enables capacity-fade-free cycling over 1300 hours of operation. Further, our Ti-Ce ED-RFB exhibits negligible capacity fade when the actives are charged to 90% state of charge (SOC), stored for close to 100-hours and then discharged, rendering it viable for long duration (load-following) grid-scale energy storage applications. Herein we introduce the Ti-Ce ED-RFB as a novel, low-cost long duration energy storage (LDES) system.

A low-cost iron-cadmium redox flow battery for large-scale energy storage

2016 ◽  
Vol 330 ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.K. Zeng ◽  
T.S. Zhao ◽  
X.L. Zhou ◽  
L. Wei ◽  
H.R. Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Flow Battery

Tuning Ferrous Coordination Structure Enables a Highly Reversible Fe Anode for Long-life All-iron Flow Batteries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxi Song ◽  
Kaiyue Zhang ◽  
Xiangrong Li ◽  
Chuanwei Yan ◽  
Qinghua Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Flow Battery ◽  
Coordination Structure ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Flow Batteries ◽  
Energy Storage Applications ◽  
Long Life ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Aqueous all-iron flow battery is a promising alternative for large-scale energy storage applications due to low cost and high safety. However, inferior Fe plating/stripping reversibility and hydrolysis of Fe2+ at...

scholarly journals Novel Approaches for Solving the Capacity Fade Problem during Operation of a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery

Batteries ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjun Bhattarai ◽  
Purna Ghimire ◽  
Adam Whitehead ◽  
Rüdiger Schweiss ◽  
Günther Scherer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Vanadium Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Electrolyte Imbalance ◽  
Capacity Fade ◽  
Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Flow Battery ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Capacity Loss ◽  
Vanadium Redox

The vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) is one of the most mature and commercially available electrochemical technologies for large-scale energy storage applications. The VRFB has unique advantages, such as separation of power and energy capacity, long lifetime (>20 years), stable performance under deep discharge cycling, few safety issues and easy recyclability. Despite these benefits, practical VRFB operation suffers from electrolyte imbalance, which is primarily due to the transfer of water and vanadium ions through the ion-exchange membranes. This can cause a cumulative capacity loss if the electrolytes are not rebalanced. In commercial systems, periodic complete or partial remixing of electrolyte is performed using a by-pass line. However, frequent mixing impacts the usable energy and requires extra hardware. To address this problem, research has focused on developing new membranes with higher selectivity and minimal crossover. In contrast, this study presents two alternative concepts to minimize capacity fade that would be of great practical benefit and are easy to implement: (1) introducing a hydraulic shunt between the electrolyte tanks and (2) having stacks containing both anion and cation exchange membranes. It will be shown that the hydraulic shunt is effective in passively resolving the continuous capacity loss without detrimentally influencing the energy efficiency. Similarly, the combination of anion and cation exchange membranes reduced the net electrolyte flux, reducing capacity loss. Both approaches work efficiently and passively to reduce capacity fade during operation of a flow battery system.

A Stable Vanadium Redox-Flow Battery with High Energy Density for Large-Scale Energy Storage

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liyu Li ◽  
Soowhan Kim ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
M. Vijayakumar ◽  
Zimin Nie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Vanadium Redox Flow Battery ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Flow Battery ◽  
Vanadium Redox

A High Efficiency Iron-Chloride Redox Flow Battery for Large-Scale Energy Storage

2015 ◽  
Vol 163 (1) ◽  
pp. A5118-A5125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aswin K. Manohar ◽  
Kyu Min Kim ◽  
Edward Plichta ◽  
Mary Hendrickson ◽  
Sabrina Rawlings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Iron Chloride ◽  
Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Flow Battery

An Energy Dense, Robust, Powerful Bipolar Zinc-Ferrocene Redox Flow Battery

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Luo ◽  
Bo Hu ◽  
Wenda Wu ◽  
Maowei Hu ◽  
Leo Liu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Power Performance ◽  
Flow Battery ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Flow Batteries

Redox flow batteries (RFBs) have been recognized as a promising option for scalable and dispatchable renewable energy storage (e.g. solar and wind energy). Zinc metal represents a low cost, high capacity anode material to develop high energy density aqueous redox flow batteries. However, the energy storage applications of traditional inorganic Zn halide flow batteries are primarily plagued by the material challenges of traditional halide cathode electrolytes (e.g. bromine) including corrosion, toxicity, and severe crossover. As reported here, we have developed a bipolar Zinc-ferrocene salt compound, Zinc 1,1’-bis(3-sulfonatopropyl)ferrocene, Zn[Fc(SPr)2] (1.80 M solubility or 48.2 Ah/L charge storage capacity) – a robust, energy-dense, bipolar redox-active electrolyte material for high performance Zn organic RFBs. Using a low-cost porous Daramic membrane, the Zn[Fc(SPr)2] aqueous organic redox flow battery (AORFB) has worked in dual-flow and single-flow modes. It has manifested outstanding current, energy, and power performance, specifically, operating at high current densities of up to 200 mA/cm2 and delivering an energy efficiency of up to 81.5% and a power density of up to 270.5 mW/cm2. A Zn[Fc(SPr)2] AORFB demonstrated an energy density of 20.2 Wh/L and displayed 100% capacity retention for 2000 cycles (1284 hr or 53.5 days). The Zn[Fc(SPr)2] ionic bipolar electrolyte not only offers record-setting, highly-stable, energy-dense, and the most powerful Zn-organic AORFBs to date, but it also provides a new paradigm to develop even more advanced redox materials for scalable energy storage.

scholarly journals Increased Performance of an All-Organic Redox Flow Battery Model by Nitration of the [4]Helicenium DMQA Ion Electrolyte

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jules Moutet ◽  
David Mills ◽  
Md Mubarak Hossain ◽  
Thomas L. Gianetti
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Flow Battery ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Battery Model ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Redox Active ◽  
Scalable Design

Redox Flow Batteries (RFBs) through their scalable design and virtually unlimited capacity, are promising candidates for large-scale energy storage. While recent advances in the development of redox-active bipolar organic molecules...

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