scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effect of Supervised Antimalarial Treatment on P. Vivax Malaria Recurrences

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelry Mazurega Oliveira Dinelly ◽  
Sheila Vitor-Silva ◽  
Jose Diego Brito-Sousa ◽  
Vanderson Souza Sampaio ◽  
Milena Gabriela Oliveira Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malaria Control ◽  
Vivax Malaria ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
The Real ◽  
Malaria Control Program ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
National Malaria Control Program ◽  
The Cost

Abstract BackgroundRelapses in vivax malaria have posed great challenges to malaria control, accounting for a great proportion of reported cases. Knowing the real effectiveness of 7 day primaquine (PQ) scheme is crucial to understand not only the cost-effectiveness of implementing new anti-hypnozoite drugs but how health education strategies can guarantee better compliance and be reinforced. This study aimed the evaluation of the daily supervised treatment effect with chloroquine and PQ (in consented patients) versus prescription without supervision (non-consented patients), and the outcome was the passive detection of new positive thick blood smears until 180 days, based on the official data records from the National Malaria Control Program. The recurrences seen in the real life were therefore used as a surrogate for true relapses. Patients under supervised treatment had a lower risk of recurrence until day 180 when compared to the unsupervised treatment (17.9% vs 36.1%; p=0.027). The lack of consent in the non-supervised group (which followed standard of care in the real life) enabled proper comparison, as consent itself could lead to better compliance in this group. Future studies should scale such analysis to different settings in the Brazilian Amazon.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the effect of supervised anti-malarial treatment on recurrences of Plasmodium vivax malaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelry Mazurega Oliveira Dinelly ◽  
Sheila Vitor-Silva ◽  
Jose Diego Brito-Sousa ◽  
Vanderson Souza Sampaio ◽  
Milena Gabriela Oliveira Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malaria Control ◽  
Vivax Malaria ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Real Life ◽  
National Malaria Control Programme ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Malaria Control Programme ◽  
The Real ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax Malaria

Abstract Background Relapses in vivax malaria have posed great challenges for malaria control, and they also account for a great proportion of reported cases. Knowing the real effectiveness of a 7-day primaquine (PQ) scheme is crucial in order to evaluate not only the cost-effectiveness of implementing new anti-hypnozoite drugs, but also how health education strategies can guarantee better compliance and be reinforced. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of daily treatment with chloroquine and PQ supervised by health workers versus prescription without supervision. Methods The outcome was the passive detection of new positive thick blood smears up to 180 days, based on the official data records from the National Malaria Control Programme. The recurrences seen in the real life were, therefore, used as a surrogate for true relapses. Results Patients under supervised treatment had a lower risk of recurrence up to day 180 when compared to the unsupervised treatment (17.9% vs. 36.1%; p = 0.027). Conclusions The lack of supervision in the non-supervised group (which followed standard of care in the real life) enabled proper comparison, as consent itself would have lead to greater compliance in this group. Future studies should scale such an analysis to different settings in the Brazilian Amazon.

scholarly journals Cost Analysis of Insecticide Spraying For Malaria Control In A Terai District Of Eastern Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-179
Author(s):  
Pramod Singh GC ◽  
P K Pokharel
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Malaria Control ◽  
Indoor Residual Spraying ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
The Public ◽  
Malaria Control Program ◽  
Disease Control Program ◽  
Malaria Eradication ◽  
The Cost

Background: Malaria is one of the public health problems in Nepal. It is estimated that 25% of population of Nepal are infected by malaria at any time. Malaria control program was first initiated in 1954 with support of USAID through the Insect Born Disease Control Program. This program was changed into Malaria Eradication Program in 1958. The program was reverted to control program in 1978.Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate the cost of insecticide spraying from the provider’s perspective in a Terai district of eastern Nepal.Methods: Morang District of eastern Terai was purposively selected. A pre-tested interview was used to collect data from program managers and government officers in the Malaria Control Program. The main categories of variables were manpower, insecticide, pump and others.Results: The cost for indoor residual spraying per person protected was calculated as Rs.24.70 (US$0.31). This cost was for one cycle and there were two cycles in a year. So the cost per year was Rs.49.40 (US$0.62). The cost per household was calculated as Rs. 129.56 (US$1.65) per cycle and Rs.259.12 and US$3.30 per year for residual spraying.Conclusion: In this cost analysis of indoor residual spraying, the cost per household per year was found Rs. 259.12 and US$3.30. The cost calculated per person protected per year was Rs. 49.40 and US$0.62. This analysis would be more complete if a comparative study of both costs and effectiveness of various vector control measures are undertaken in Nepal.Health Renaissance 2014;12(3): 175-179

scholarly journals Implementation Fidelity of the National Malaria Control Program in Burkina Faso

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e69865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valéry Ridde ◽  
Thomas Druetz ◽  
Serge Poppy ◽  
Seni Kouanda ◽  
Slim Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Malaria Control ◽  
Implementation Fidelity ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Malaria Control Program ◽  
National Malaria Control Program

Foldscope: Diagnostic accuracy and feasibility of its use in national malaria control program

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Sagar Khadanga ◽  
Sweta Gupta ◽  
BijinaJohn Mathews ◽  
SaiNikhila Ghantaa ◽  
KrishnaChaitanya Amerneni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Malaria Control ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Malaria Control Program ◽  
National Malaria Control Program

Post-Disaster Malaria in Costa Rica

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocio Sáenz ◽  
Richard A. Bissell ◽  
Francisco Paniagua
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Malaria Control ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Malaria Control Program ◽  
Richter Scale ◽  
Mosquito Breeding ◽  
Post Disaster

AbstractIntroduction:In recent years, controversy has surrounded the issue of whether infectious disease should be considered a serious potential consequence of natural disasters. This article contributes to this debate with evidence of a significant outbreak of malaria in Costa Rica's Atlantic region after the 1991 earthquake and subsequent floods.Methods:This study is an epidemiologic investigation of the incidence of malaria for the periods of 22 months before the April 1991 Limon earthquake and for 13 months afterward. Data were obtained from the Costa Rican Ministry of Health's malaria control program.Results:Some of the cantons in the region experienced increases in the incidence of malaria as high as 1,600% and 4,700% above the average monthly rate for the pre-earthquake period (p ≤0.01). Causal mechanisms are postulated as relating to changes in human behavior (increased exposure to mosquitoes while sleeping outside, and a temporary pause in malaria control activities), changes in the habitat that were beneficial to mosquito breeding (landslide deforestation, river damming, and rerouting), and the floods of August 1991.Conclusions:It is recommended that there be enhanced awareness of the potential consequences of disaster-wrought environmental changes.Date of Event: 22 April 1991; Type: Earthquake, 7.4 Richter scale; Location: Costa Rica; Number of deaths and casualties: 54 deaths and 505 moderate to severe injuries.

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