scholarly journals Symptom control among asthmatics with a clinically significant smoking history: a cross-sectional study in Finland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toni Kiljander ◽  
Tuija Poussa ◽  
Timo Helin ◽  
Antero Jaakkola ◽  
Kari Venho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asthma Symptom ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Symptom Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Uncontrolled Asthma ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clinically Significant

Abstract Background Surprisingly little is known about asthma control among asthmatics who smoke. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate asthma symptom control according to the GINA guidelines among asthmatics with a clinically significant smoking history. Methods One hundred ninety asthmatics from primary care in Finland were investigated. The patients were current or previous cigarette smokers with a history of 10 or more pack-years. They completed a questionnaire including questions on asthma symptoms and reliever use so that their level of asthma symptom control (well controlled, partly controlled, or uncontrolled) according to GINA could be determined. Results Sixty-six (34.7%) patients had their asthma well controlled, 81 (42.6%) had their asthma partly controlled, and 43 (22.6%) had uncontrolled asthma. Current smokers had uncontrolled asthma more often than ex-smokers, OR 2.54 (95% CI 1.25-5.14, p=0.01). Patients with moderate to severe asthma exacerbation during the previous year had uncontrolled asthma more often than patients without an exacerbation, OR 2.17 (95% CI 1.06-4.47, p=0.04), and patients with FEV1 < 80% of predicted had uncontrolled asthma more often than patients with FEV1 > 80% of predicted, OR 2.04 (95% CI 1.02-4.08, p=0.04). Conclusions Asthmatic patients with a clinically significant smoking history often do not have well controlled asthma. Poor asthma symptom control was associated with current smoking status, history of exacerbations and impaired lung function. Therefore, every attempt should be made to help asthmatics who smoke to quit smoking.

scholarly journals Symptom control among asthmatics with a clinically significant smoking history: a cross-sectional study in Finland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toni Kiljander ◽  
Tuija Poussa ◽  
Timo Helin ◽  
Antero Jaakkola ◽  
Kari Venho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asthma Symptom ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Symptom Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Uncontrolled Asthma ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clinically Significant

Abstract Background Surprisingly little is known about asthma control among asthmatics who smoke. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate asthma symptom control according to the GINA guidelines among asthmatics with a clinically significant smoking history. Methods One hundred ninety asthmatics from primary care in Finland were investigated. The patients were current or previous cigarette smokers with a history of 10 or more pack-years. They completed a questionnaire including questions on asthma symptoms and reliever use so that their level of asthma symptom control (well controlled, partly controlled, or uncontrolled) according to GINA could be determined. Results Sixty-six (34.7%) patients had their asthma well controlled, 81 (42.6%) had their asthma partly controlled, and 43 (22.6%) had uncontrolled asthma. Current smokers had uncontrolled asthma more often than ex-smokers, OR 2.54 (95% CI 1.25-5.14, p=0.01). Patients with moderate to severe asthma exacerbation during the previous year had uncontrolled asthma more often than patients without an exacerbation, OR 2.17 (95% CI 1.06-4.47, p=0.04), and patients with FEV1 < 80% of predicted had uncontrolled asthma more often than patients with FEV1 > 80% of predicted, OR 2.04 (95% CI 1.02-4.08, p=0.04). Conclusions Asthmatic patients with a clinically significant smoking history often do not have well controlled asthma. Poor asthma symptom control was associated with current smoking status, history of exacerbations and impaired lung function. Therefore, every attempt should be made to help asthmatics who smoke to quit smoking.

scholarly journals Symptom control among asthmatics with a clinically significant smoking history: a cross-sectional study in Finland

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Toni Kiljander ◽  
Tuija Poussa ◽  
Timo Helin ◽  
Antero Jaakkola ◽  
Kari Venho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinically Significant

scholarly journals Use of electronic cigarettes and secondhand exposure to their aerosols are associated with asthma symptoms among adolescents: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Alnajem ◽  
Abdullah Redha ◽  
Dalal Alroumi ◽  
Ahmed Alshammasi ◽  
Mohamad Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Uncontrolled Asthma ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Current Asthma ◽  
The Past ◽  
Asthma Symptoms ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Globally, a surge in electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use has been observed in recent years, with youth being the most susceptible group. Given their recent emergence, studies assessing the health consequences of using e-cigarettes and exposure to their secondhand aerosols (SHA) are limited. Hence, this study sought to assess associations between e-cigarette use and household exposure to SHA from e-cigarettes with asthma symptoms among adolescents. Methods A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted by enrolling high school students (n = 1565; aged 16–19 years) in Kuwait. Participants self-completed a questionnaire on tobacco products use (e-cigarettes and cigarettes) and asthma symptoms. Current e-cigarette use and cigarette smoking were defined as any use in the past 30 days. Household exposure to SHA from e-cigarettes in the past 7 days was reported as none (0 days), infrequent (1–2 days), and frequent (≥ 3 days). Asthma symptoms included current (past 12 months) wheeze, current asthma (history of clinical diagnosis and current wheeze and/or medication use), and current symptoms of uncontrolled asthma (≥ 4 attacks of wheeze, ≥ 1 night per week sleep disturbance from wheeze, and/or wheeze affecting speech). Associations were assessed using Poisson regression with robust variance estimation, and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. Results Among the analytical study sample (n = 1345), current e-cigarette use and cigarette smoking was reported by 369 (27.4%) and 358 (26.6%) participants, respectively. Compared to never e-cigarette users and never cigarette smokers, current e-cigarette users with no history of cigarette smoking had increased prevalence of current wheeze (aPR = 1.54, 95% CI 1.01–2.45) and current asthma (aPR = 1.85, 95% CI 1.03–3.41). Moreover, the frequency of exposure to household SHA from e-cigarettes was associated with asthma symptoms. For example, compared to those with no exposure to household SHA, frequent exposure to household SHA was associated with current wheeze (aPR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.04–1.59), current asthma (aPR = 1.56, 95% CI 1.13–2.16), and current uncontrolled asthma symptoms (aPR = 1.88, 95% CI 1.35–2.62). Conclusions E-cigarette use and their household SHA exposure were independently associated with asthma symptoms among adolescents. Hence, such observations indicate that e-cigarette use and passive exposure to their aerosols negatively impact respiratory health among adolescents.

scholarly journals FRI0533 SMOKING AS A PREDICTIVE FACTOR FOR SPONDYLOARTHRITIS RELATED UVEITIS: RESULTS FROM A SINGLE CENTRE CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY.

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 866.2-866
Author(s):  
E. Costa ◽  
D. Almeida ◽  
M. Cerqueira ◽  
J. Redondo Costa ◽  
A. R. Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Axial Spondyloarthritis ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hla B27 ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies

Background:Although spondyloarthritis (SpA) is primarily a musculoskeletal condition, ocular involvement is an important clinical feature and contributes to the burden of disease. Acute anterior uveitis (AAU) is classically described as the most frequent extra-articular manifestation of SpA and in some cases the first clinical presentation. The prevalence of AAU varies according to the subtype of SpA. In a systematic literature review, the mean prevalence of AAU was 32.7% and a positive association between HLA-B27 positivity, axial SpA, male sex and uveitis has been reported (1). More recently, some cross-sectional studies have described lower odds of spondyloarthritis-related uveitis (SpA-U) in smokers than in patients who are ex smokers or never smokers (2). Predictors of SpA-U are poorly defined in literature and the influence of smoking status remains controversial.Objectives:To analyse the factors associated with uveitis in SpA patients in a Tertiary Rheumatology Center.Methods:An observational cross-sectional study was performed including patients fulfilling the ASAS criteria for axial SpA with a follow-up visit between January and June 2019. Clinical patients’ charts were reviewed and the following variables were considered: age, gender, history of uveitis (confirmed by ophthalmologist observation), number of AAU episodes, smoking status (never smoker or ever smoker), HLA-B27, disease duration, disease involvement (exclusively axial or axial and peripheral), history of enthesitis and syndesmophytes. History of AAU and associated variables were determined in this subset of patients.Statistical analysis was performed with logistic regression model. P value <.05 was defined as statistically significant.Results:The study included 164 patients (62.3% men) with median age of 44.0 years (IQR 37 to 54) and a median disease duration of 14.6 years (IQR 9.28 to 20.32). SpA diagnosis was ankylosing spondylitis in 70.7% cases and the remaining were non-radiographic axial SpA. HLA-B27 was positive in 84.8%, 31.1% of patients were ever smokers and 21% had both axial and peripheral joint involvement. Twenty four percent of patients had at least one AAU episode. Recurrence of uveitis occurred in 70% of patients. Ever smoking (OR=2.256; 95%CI [1.077-4.276]; p<.05) and syndesmophytes (OR=2.125; 95%CI [1.009-4.475]; p<.05) showed a statistically significant association with uveitis in univariated logistic regression. Althougth not statistically significant, a trend to association was found between smoking and recurrence of AAU (OR=2.235; 95%ICI [.973-5.135], p=.058). In multivariated logistic regression only ever smoking was independently associated with uveitis (OR=2.542; 95%CI [1.007-6.420]; p<.05). We did not find association between presence of uveitis and gender, age, disease duration, disease involvement, HLA-B27 positivity and enthesitis.Conclusion:Contrary to few cross-sectional studies showing a possible protective effect of smoking in SpA-U, and in line with new data from Zhaoet al(3), we report a statistically significant independent association between history of smoking and uveitis. Nevertheless, we emphasize the need of more studies to confirm these findings.References:[1] Zeboulon N, et al. Prevalence and characteristics of uveitis in the spondyloarthropathies: a systematic literature review. Annals of Rheumatic Diseases 2008;67:955.[2] Zhao S, et al. Associations between smoking and extra-axial manifestations and disease severity in axial spondyloarthritis: results from the BSR Biologics Register for Ankylosing Spondylitis (BSRBR-AS). Rheumatology 2018;69.[3] Zhao S, et al. Smoking does not protect patients with axial spondyloarthritis from attacks of uveitis. Annals of Rheumatic Diseases 2019;78(9).Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Asthma control level in Finland among asthmatics with smoking history: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Helin
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Asthma Control ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Uncontrolled Asthma ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Gina Guidelines

Abstract Surprisingly little is known about asthma control level of smoking asthmatics. The aim of this study was to investigate asthma control level, according to GINA guidelines, among asthmatics with smoking history.One hundred and ninety asthmatics from primary care were investigated. The patients were current or ex-smokers with history of 10 or more pack-years. They completed a questionnaire, with questions set according to the GINA guidelines, so that their asthma control level (well controlled, partly controlled, uncontrolled) according to GINA could be determined.According to GINA guidelines, 66 (34.7%) patients had their asthma well controlled, 81 (42.6%) had their asthma partly controlled, and 43 (22.6%) were uncontrolled. Current smokers had more often uncontrolled asthma than ex-smokers OR 2.54 (95%CI 1.25-5.14, p=0.01). Patients with asthma exacerbation during the previous year had uncontrolled asthma more often than the patients without exacerbation OR 2.17 (95%CI 1.06-4.47, p=0.04), and patients with FEV1 < 80% of predicted had their asthma more often uncontrolled than patients with FEV1 > 80% of predicted OR 2.04 (95%CI 1.02-4.08, p=0.04).Primary care asthmatic patients who are either current or ex-smokers, are often not well controlled. The asthma control level was associated with current smoking status. Therefore, every attempt should be made to get smoking asthmatics to quit smoking.

scholarly journals Healthcare Workers’ Perspectives on the Upcoming COVID-19 Vaccine in Terms of Their Exposure to the Influenza Vaccine in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 465
Author(s):  
Leena R. Baghdadi ◽  
Shatha G. Alghaihb ◽  
Alanoud A. Abuhaimed ◽  
Dania M. Alkelabi ◽  
Rawan S. Alqahtani
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Seasonal Influenza Vaccine ◽  
History Of

In 2019, a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)) caused a global pandemic. There was an urgent need to develop a vaccine against COVID-19 to reduce its spread and economic burden. The main objective of this study was to understand the attitudes and concerns of healthcare workers (HCWs) towards the upcoming COVID-19 vaccine, whether their decision was influenced by their history of taking the seasonal influenza vaccine, and factors that influence the acceptance of the upcoming COVID-19 vaccine. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. We selected and surveyed 356 HCWs via an electronic self-administered questionnaire. A total of 61.16% of HCWs were willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, and 55.9% of them had received the seasonal influenza vaccine in the preceding year (2019–2020). The strongest predictors for taking the COVID-19 vaccine were the HCWs’ belief that the COVID-19 vaccine would be safe, needed even for healthy people, that all HCWs should be vaccinated against COVID-19, and that HCWs will have time to take the vaccine. Being female, being middle aged, having <5 years of work experience, having no fear of injections, and being a non-smoker were predictive factors for taking the upcoming COVID-19 vaccine. No associations were found between the intention to take the COVID-19 vaccine and a history of taking the seasonal influenza vaccine.

scholarly journals Prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection and feasibility of TB preventive therapy among Thai prisoners: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sivaporn Gatechompol ◽  
Weerakit Harnpariphan ◽  
Ruamthip Supanan ◽  
Gompol Suwanpimolkul ◽  
Jiratchaya Sophonphan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Preventive Therapy ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ltbi Prevalence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Latent Tb ◽  
Latent Tb Infection

Abstract Background Prisons are considered as major reservoirs for tuberculosis. Preventive therapy for latent TB infection (LTBI) is an adjunctive strategy to control TB. However, LTBI data in Thai prisoners is limited. This study assessed the prevalence of LTBI and feasibility of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT). Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among prisoners in Klong Prem Central Prison, Bangkok. Participants were screened for active TB by questionnaire and chest X-ray. LTBI was evaluated by Tuberculin skin test (TST) and QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFTP) among subgroup. Participants with positive TST or QFTP were considered to have LTBI. Participants with LTBI were offered IPT. Results From August 2018–November 2019, 1002 participants were analyzed. All participants were male with a median age of 38 (IQR 32–50) years. LTBI identified by either TST/QFTP was present in 466 (46.5%) participants. TST was positive in 359 (36%) participants. In the subgroup of 294 participants who had both TST and QFTP results, 181/294 (61.6%) tested positive by QFTP. Agreement between TST and QFTP was 55.1% (Kappa = 0.17). The risk factors associated with LTBI were previous incarceration (aOR 1.53, 95%CI, 1.16–2.01, p = 0.002), history of prior active TB (aOR 3.02, 95%CI, 1.74–5.24, p < 0.001) and duration of incarceration ≥10 years (aOR 1.86, 95%CI, 1.24–2.79, p = 0.003). Majority of LTBI participants (82%) agreed to take IPT. Three hundred and 56 (93%) participants completed treatment whereas 27 (7%) participants discontinued IPT due to the side effects of INH. Conclusion This is the first study to evaluate the prevalence of LTBI and feasibility of IPT among Thai prisoners. LTBI prevalence in male prisoners in Thailand is high. LTBI screening and treatment should be implemented together with other preventive components.

Malaria among migrants in a university hospital in Colombia during 2018: A case series

2020 ◽  
pp. 004947552098130
Author(s):  
Fabián R Carreño-Almánzar ◽  
Adán Coronado-Galán ◽  
Sonia A Cala-Gómez ◽  
Agustín Vega-Vera
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Imported Malaria ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clinical Profiles

Imported malaria has increased in Colombia since 2015 and has been attributed to migrants coming from Venezuela. We present a series of malaria cases, nested in a retrospective cross-sectional study between 2017 and 2018, aimed at calculating the prevalence of medical diseases among immigrants in a University Hospital in Colombia. Among 154 immigrants admitted for medical causes between 2017 and 2018, 8 were diagnosed with malaria, all due to Plasmodium vivax. Of these, seven had uncomplicated malaria, five had a previous history of malaria, one was critically ill, but none died. We highlight that, similar to other case series of imported malaria, Latin American migrants were young, with similar clinical profiles, having a low proportion of severe cases, and P. vivax was the most frequent cause.

scholarly journals Impact of Coffee/Green Tea/Soft Drink Consumption on the Risk of Hyperuricemia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7299
Author(s):  
Joong Seob Lee ◽  
Tae Jun Kim ◽  
Sung Kwang Hong ◽  
Chanyang Min ◽  
Dae Myoung Yoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Tea ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Soft Drink Consumption ◽  
Increased Risk

This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between hyperuricemia and the frequency of coffee, tea, and soft drink consumption, based on data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) (2004–2016). We used the KoGES health examinee data, obtained from urban residents aged ≥ 40 years. Information on the participants’ medical history, nutrition (total calorie, protein, fat, and carbohydrate intake), frequency of alcohol consumption, smoking status, household income, and frequency of coffee/green tea/soft drink intake was collected. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the data. Subgroup analyses were performed according to the participant’s age and sex. Among 173,209 participants, there were 11,750 and 156,002 individuals with hyperuricemia and non-hyperuricemia controls, respectively. In an adjusted model, frequent coffee and green tea consumption did not increase the risk of hyperuricemia, compared to the “no intake” reference group. However, an adjusted odds ratio of hyperuricemia was 1.23 (95% confidence interval, 1.11–1.35, p < 0.001) for participants who reported consuming soft drinks ≥ 3 times per day, compared to the respective “no drink” reference group. Even after adjusting for nutritional and sociodemographic factors, frequent soft drink intake was associated with an increased risk of hyperuricemia. Meanwhile, neither coffee nor green tea intake was associated with an increased risk of hyperuricemia.

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