scholarly journals Asymptomatic Urinary Tract Infections and Associated Risk Factors in Pakistani Muslim Type 2 Diabetic Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azizul Hasan Aamir ◽  
Umar Yousuf Raja ◽  
Ali Asghar ◽  
Saeed Ahmed Mahar ◽  
Tahir Ghaffar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Positive Urine Culture ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Positive Urine ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Abstract Background: One of the leading long-term complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) includes renal dysfunction and urinary tract infections (UTI) which are considered to be prevalent in uncontrolled diabetes. Moreover, physiological factors like age, gender, duration of diabetes, other diabetic complications like neuropathy, autonomic neuropathy and glycosuria are also considered as predisposing factors for increased prevalence of UTI in diabetes which can be symptomatic or asymptomatic. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, multi-centre study including diabetic patients from 12 clinical sites spread across major cities of Pakistan. The inclusion criteria were adult Pakistani population of age between 18 to 75 years both genders and suffering from T2DM irrespective of duration. A detailed clinical history of the past 3 months was recorded and, biochemical investigations of blood samples were conducted. Urine culture analysis performed identified the type of pathogen present and was done only for asymptomatic patients. Results: A total of 745 type 2 diabetic patients were initially screened, out of 545 patients considered for final analysis 501 (91.92%) were negative and the rest 44 (8.08%) had positive urine culture. Female gender had a significantly higher proportion of positive urine culture (77.27%, p-value<0.001). Body mass index and mean age had insignificant distribution among the two groups of positive and negative urine culture, with age 40-59 years having higher proportion (70.45%) in the positive group. Escherichia coli was detected in most of the positive samples (52.3%). All bacterial samples were found resistant to Ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: Diabetic female patients are identified to be at high risk of suffering from UTI and age more than 40 years is an important risk factor. Escherichia coli was the most common causative organism among people living in this geographical area.

scholarly journals Asymptomatic urinary tract infections and associated risk factors in Pakistani Muslim type 2 diabetic patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azizul Hasan Aamir ◽  
Umar Yousuf Raja ◽  
Ali Asghar ◽  
Saeed Ahmed Mahar ◽  
Tahir Ghaffar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Positive Urine Culture ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Positive Urine ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Abstract Background One of the leading long-term complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) includes renal dysfunction and urinary tract infections (UTI) which are considered to be prevalent in uncontrolled diabetes. Moreover, physiological factors like age, gender, duration of diabetes, other diabetic complications like neuropathy, autonomic neuropathy and glycosuria are also considered as predisposing factors for increased prevalence of UTI in diabetes which can be symptomatic or asymptomatic. Methods This was a cross-sectional, multi-centre study including diabetic patients from 12 clinical sites spread across major cities of Pakistan. The inclusion criteria were adult Pakistani population of age between 18 to 75 years both genders and suffering from T2DM irrespective of duration. A detailed clinical history of the past 3 months was recorded and, biochemical investigations of blood samples were conducted. Urine culture analysis performed identified the type of pathogen present and was done only for asymptomatic patients. Results A total of 745 type 2 diabetic patients were initially screened, out of 545 patients considered for final analysis 501 (91.92%) were negative and the rest 44 (8.08%) had positive urine culture. Female gender had a significantly higher proportion of positive urine culture (77.27%, p-value< 0.001). Body mass index and mean age had insignificant distribution among the two groups of positive and negative urine culture, with age 40–59 years having higher proportion (70.45%) in the positive group. Escherichia coli was detected in most of the positive samples (52.3%). All bacterial samples were found resistant to Ciprofloxacin. Conclusion Diabetic Pakistani muslim female patients are identified to be at high risk of suffering from asymptomatic UTI and age more than 40 years is an important risk factor. Escherichia coli was the most common causative organism among people living in this geographical area.

Bacterial urinary tract infection and antibiotic sensitivity pattern among type II diabetic patients – A cross-sectional study from tertiary care teaching hospital in Central Lahore

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 180-183
Author(s):  
Khadija Muneer ◽  
Kaneez Fatima ◽  
Naheed Hashmat ◽  
Sana Humayun ◽  
Qaiser Pervaiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

ABSTRACT Background: Diabetes mellitus is the fifth leading cause of death in developed countries.Risk of infections is increased in diabetic patients with urinary tract being the most common site of infection. Worldwide, the prevalence of urinary tract infections (UTI) is estimated to be around 150 million persons per year . UTI exhibit a poorer prognosis in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) due to a compromise in their immune status in addition to emerging antimicrobial resistance due to widespread use of antimicrobial agents. This study aims to determine frequency of common bacterial pathogens causing UTI and antibiotic sensitivity pattern among type 2 diabetic patients. This may help to guide physicians regarding appropriate management of UTI in the local population to avoid multidrug resistance. Patients and Methods: This cross sectional study involved 215 type 2 diabetic patients admitted to Medical Unit-III of Sir Ganga Ram hospital, Lahore from 01-12-2016 to 31-05-2017. Type 2 adult diabetic patients (diagnosed for at least 1 year) of age 40-80 years, either male or female , with urine pus cells ≥5/HPF performed as baseline investigation at admission were included in the study. Further urine samples were obtained (clean catch midstream urine 10cc in two wide mouth sterile screw capped plastic jars) before starting treatment. Samples were sent for microscopy and culture. Culture results and antibiotic sensitivities were recorded. Data was analyzed using SPSS for windows version 23.0. Categorical variables like gender, organisms and antibiotic sensitivitywas presented in Frequency or Percentage form. Numerical variables like age and duration of diabetes were presented as Mean± SD. Data was stratified for age, gender and duration of DM to deal with effect modifiers. Post stratification chi-square test was applied. P-value of ≤0.05 was considered significant. Results: Total of 215 patients were included. Mean age was 63.76±10.342 years of which 164 (76.3%) were females, while 51 (23.7%) were males reflecting female predominance.Most common isolated organism in urine culture was E.coli (58.6%), followed by Klebsiella (20.5%), Proteus(9.3%), Pseudomonas(8.4%) and Enterococcus (3.3%)species.Most of the patients (76.7%) were sensitive to piperacillin-tazobactam followed bycarbapenems (67%) and Gentamycin(56.7%), whereas 24.2% showed sensitivity to all antibiotics. Conclusion: Females are most commonly affected among diabetic patients. The commonest isolate was E.coli among culture positive UTIs. E.coli was most sensitive to piperacillin-tazobactam and carbapenems followed by Gentamycin while least sensitive to Ceftriaxone.The results emphasize the importance of practcse of urine culture and sensitivity testing in diabetic patients and cautious approach to use of commonly used antibiotic ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin as empirical treatment for UTI despite the low sensitivityof the drug to the most prevailing organism.

scholarly journals The prevalence of urinary tract infections in type 2 diabetic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliakbar Vaisi-Raygani ◽  
Nader Salari ◽  
Mohammad mahdi Karami ◽  
Shadi Bokaee ◽  
Masoud Mohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Abstract Background Urinary tract infection is the most common infection in type 2 diabetic patients. Various studies have reported different outbreaks of urinary tract infections in type 2 diabetic patients, Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the prevalence of urinary tract infections in type 2 diabetic patients during a systematic review and meta-analysis to open windows to more detailed programs to reduce the incidence of urinary tract infections in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods In this study, systematic review and Meta-Analysis of study data related to the prevalence of urinary tract infection in type 2 diabetic patients using keywords including: Type 2 diabetes, urinary tract infection, diabetes, prevalence, Meta-Analysis and their English equivalents in SID, MagIran, IranMedex, IranDoc, Google scholar, Cochrane, Embase, Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science (ISI) databases over the years It was mined from 1993 to 2020.In order to perform the analysis of qualified studies, the model of random effects was used and the inconsistency of studies with I2 index was investigated. Data analysis was performed with Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (version 2). Results In a study of 15 studies with a sample size of 827,948 in Meta-Analysis, the overall prevalence of urinary tract infection in patients with type 2 diabetes was 11.5% (95% confidence interval: 7.8–16.7%). Increasing the number of years of research, the prevalence of urinary tract infections in diabetic patients of the Iranian type increased (P = 0.000), and with increasing age of participants (P = 0.000) and also with increasing sample size (P = 0.000), this prevalence decreased. Conclusion The results of this study show that urinary tract infections are highly prevalent in patients with type 2 diabetes, so due to the growing prevalence of diabetes and its complications such as urinary tract infections, the need for appropriate screening programs and health care policies is becoming more apparent.

scholarly journals Active immunoprophyilaxis with uromune® decreases the recurrence of urinary tract infections at three and six months after treatment without relevant secondary effects

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristóbal Ramírez Sevilla ◽  
Esther Gómez Lanza ◽  
Juan Llopis Manzanera ◽  
Jose Antonio Romero Martín ◽  
Miguel Ángel Barranco Sanz
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Positive Urine Culture ◽  
Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Positive Urine ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background To prospectively analyze the efficacy of uromune® in the prevention of uncomplicated recurrent urinary tract infections at 3 and 6 months, and according to gender and menopause. Methods From September 2011 to December 2017 uromune® was administered sublingually every 24 h along 3 months to 784 patients with history of three or more uncomplicated urinary tract infections in the 12 months prior to the first visit. The variables analyzed with statistical package system for science version 15.0 were age, gender, number of urinary tract infections with positive urine culture in the first consultation, and 3 and 6 months after the end of treatment. The results with positive urine culture were registered at 3 and 6 months after the end of the treatment according to gender and also in the menopausal group with respect to pre-menopausal women. Results Mean age was 73.5 years. 82.7% were women and 94.3% menopausal. The number of episodes of urinary tract infections in the 12 months prior to uromune® were 3 in 37.2%, 4 in 28.1%, 5 in 19.5%, 6 in 9.6%, 7 in 4%, 8 in 1.4%, 9 in 0.1% and 10 in 0.1%. Three months after uromune® 44.1% had 0 urinary tract infections and 27.6% had 1. After 6 months the results were 0 urinary tract infections in 32.3% and 1 in 32.4%. Women had 0 urinary tract infections after 3 months in 45.4% and 1 in 28.5%. At 6 months the female had 0 episodes in 32.7% and 1 in 33.2%. Menopausal women had 0 urinary tract infections at 3 months in 46.5% and 1 in 28% and at 6 months scored 0 episodes in 33.6% and 1 in 32.9%. Conclusions Uromune® was highly effective to reduce the number of episodes of urinary tract infections at three and six months of follow-up. Uromune® reduced the number of episodes to zero or one in 71.7 and 64.7% at three and six months with minimal side effects. The best results were observed in women over 50 years old. Sublingual immunoprophylaxis with uromune® could be the treatment of first choice in the prevention of uncomplicated recurrent urinary tract infections according to the sample analyzed.

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