scholarly journals How we teach children with asthma to use their inhaler: A scoping review protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick McCrossan ◽  
Orla Mallon ◽  
Michael Shields ◽  
Dara O'Donoghue
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Inhaler Technique ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Abstract Background One reason that asthma remains poorly controlled in children is poor inhaler technique. Current guidelines recommend checking inhaler technique at each clinical visit. However, they do not specify how best to train children to mastery of correct inhaler technique. Currently many children are simply shown how to use inhalers (brief intervention) which results in less than 50% with correct inhaler technique. The aim of this scoping review is to explore published literature on teaching methods used to train children to master correct inhaler technique.Methods This scoping review will follow the Arksey and O'Malley framework and the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. We will search (from inception onwards): MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL and the Cochrane library. We will include quantitative studies, (e.g. randomised controlled trials, cohort studies and case-control studies), published from the year 1956 to present, on teaching the skill of inhaler technique to children with asthma. Two reviewers will complete all screening and data abstraction independently. Data will be extracted onto a data charting table to create a descriptive summary of the results. Data will then be synthesised with descriptive statistics and visual mapping.Discussion This scoping review will provide a broad overview of currently used educational methods to improve inhaler technique in children with asthma. The analysis will allow us to refine future research in this area by focusing on the most effective methods and optimising them.

scholarly journals How we teach children with asthma to use their inhaler: A scoping review protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick McCrossan ◽  
Orla Mallon ◽  
Michael Shields ◽  
Dara O'Donoghue
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Inhaler Technique ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Science Framework ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Abstract Background One reason that asthma remains poorly controlled in children is poor inhaler technique. Current guidelines recommend checking inhaler technique at each clinical visit. However, they do not specify how best to train children to mastery of correct inhaler technique. Currently many children are simply shown how to use inhalers (brief intervention) which results in less than 50% with correct inhaler technique. The aim of this scoping review is to explore published literature on teaching methods used to train children to master correct inhaler technique. Methods This scoping review will follow the Arksey and O'Malley framework and the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. We will search (from inception onwards): MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL and the Cochrane library. We will include quantitative studies, (e.g. randomised controlled trials, cohort studies and case-control studies), published from the year 1956 to present, on teaching the skill of inhaler technique to children with asthma. Two reviewers will complete all screening and data abstraction independently. Data will be extracted onto a data charting table to create a descriptive summary of the results. Data will then be synthesised with descriptive statistics and visual mapping.Discussion This scoping review will provide a broad overview of currently used educational methods to improve inhaler technique in children with asthma. The analysis will allow us to refine future research in this area by focusing on the most effective methods and optimising them. Systematic review registration: Open Science Framework (osf.io/n7kcw).

scholarly journals How we teach children with asthma to use their inhaler: A scoping review protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick McCrossan ◽  
Orla Mallon ◽  
Michael Shields ◽  
Dara O'Donoghue
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Inhaler Technique ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Science Framework ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Abstract Background One reason that asthma remains poorly controlled in children is poor inhaler technique. Current guidelines recommend checking inhaler technique at each clinical visit. However, they do not specify how best to train children to mastery of correct inhaler technique. Currently many children are simply shown how to use inhalers (brief intervention) which results in less than 50% with correct inhaler technique. The aim of this scoping review is to explore published literature on teaching methods used to train children to master correct inhaler technique. Methods This scoping review will follow the Arksey and O'Malley framework and the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. We will search (from inception onwards): MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL and the Cochrane library. We will include quantitative studies, (e.g. randomised controlled trials, cohort studies and case-control studies), published from the year 1956 to present, on teaching the skill of inhaler technique to children with asthma. Two reviewers will complete all screening and data abstraction independently. Data will be extracted onto a data charting table to create a descriptive summary of the results. Data will then be synthesised with descriptive statistics and visual mapping.Discussion This scoping review will provide a broad overview of currently used educational methods to improve inhaler technique in children with asthma. The analysis will allow us to refine future research in this area by focusing on the most effective methods and optimising them. Systematic review registration: Open Science Framework (osf.io/n7kcw).

scholarly journals How We Teach Children with Asthma to Use Their Inhaler: A Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick McCrossan ◽  
Orla Mallon ◽  
Michael Shields ◽  
Catherine Russell ◽  
Lesley Kennedy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Inhaler Technique ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Primary Methods ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Demonstration Video

Abstract BackgroundOne reason that asthma remains poorly controlled in children is poor inhaler technique. Guidelines recommend checking inhaler technique at each clinical visit. However, they do not specify how best to train children to mastery of correct inhaler technique. Many children are simply shown how to use inhalers which results in less than 50% with correct inhaler technique. The aim of this scoping review is to explore published literature on teaching methods used to train children to master correct inhaler technique.MethodsWe searched (from inception onwards): Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL and the Cochrane library. We included quantitative studies, (e.g. randomised controlled trials, cohort studies and case-control studies), published from 1956 to present, on teaching inhaler technique to children with asthma. Data was extracted onto a data charting table to create a descriptive summary of the results. Data was then synthesised with descriptive statistics and visual mapping.ResultsTwenty-eight papers were identified for full text analysis. Educational interventions were found to be taking place in a variety of clinical areas and by a range of healthcare professional disciplines. ‘Brief-Instruction’ and ‘Teach-Back’ were identified as two primary methods of providing inhaler technique training in the majority of papers. Secondary themes identified were; use of written instruction, physical demonstration, video demonstrations and/or use of inhaler devices to augment inhaler technique training.ConclusionThere are a variety of means by which inhaler technique has been taught to children. We have not analysed the effectiveness of these different interventions, but have described what has been trialled before in an attempt to focus our attentions on what may potentially work best. The majority of these methods can be dichotomised to either ‘Brief-Intervention’ or ‘Teach-Back’. Based on our analysis of this scoping review, we consider the following as areas for future research; how many times does a given intervention have to be done in order to have the desired effect? For what duration does the intervention need to continue to have a long-lasting effect? And, what is the best outcome measure for inhaler technique? Systematic review registrationOpen Science Framework (osf.io/n7kcw).

scholarly journals How we teach children with asthma to use their inhaler: A scoping review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick McCrossan ◽  
Orla Mallon ◽  
Michael Shields ◽  
Catherine Russell ◽  
Lesley Kennedy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Inhaler Technique ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Primary Methods ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Demonstration Video

Abstract BackgroundOne reason that asthma remains poorly controlled in children is poor inhaler technique. Guidelines recommend checking inhaler technique at each clinical visit. However, they do not specify how best to train children to mastery of correct inhaler technique. Many children are simply shown how to use inhalers which results in less than 50% with correct inhaler technique. The aim of this scoping review is to explore published literature on teaching methods used to train children to master correct inhaler technique.MethodsWe searched (from inception onwards): Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL and the Cochrane library. We included quantitative studies, (e.g. randomised controlled trials, cohort studies and case-control studies), published from 1956 to present, on teaching inhaler technique to children with asthma. Data was extracted onto a data charting table to create a descriptive summary of the results. Data was then synthesised with descriptive statistics and visual mapping.ResultsTwenty-eight papers were identified for full text analysis. Educational interventions were found to be taking place in a variety of clinical areas and by a range of healthcare professional disciplines. ‘Brief-Instruction’ and ‘Teach-Back’ were identified as two primary methods of providing inhaler technique training in the majority of papers. Secondary themes identified were; use of written instruction, physical demonstration, video demonstrations and/or use of inhaler devices to augment inhaler technique training.ConclusionThere are a variety of means by which inhaler technique has been taught to children. We have not analysed the effectiveness of these different interventions, but have described what has been trialled before in an attempt to focus our attentions on what may potentially work best. The majority of these methods can be dichotomised to either ‘Brief-Intervention’ or ‘Teach-Back’. Based on our analysis of this scoping review, we consider the following as areas for future research; how many times does a given intervention have to be done in order to have the desired effect? For what duration does the intervention need to continue to have a long-lasting effect? And, what is the best outcome measure for inhaler technique? Systematic review registration: Open Science Framework (osf.io/n7kcw).

scholarly journals How we teach children with asthma to use their inhaler: A scoping review protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick McCrossan ◽  
Orla Mallon ◽  
Michael Shields ◽  
Dara O'Donoghue
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Randomised Control Trial ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Inhaler Technique ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background One reason that asthma remains poorly controlled in children is poor inhaler technique. Current guidelines recommend checking inhaler technique at each clinical visit. However, they do not specify how best to train children to mastery of correct inhaler technique. Currently many children are simply shown how to use inhalers (brief Instruction) which results in less than 50% with correct inhaler technique. The aim of this scoping review is to explore published literature on teaching methods used to train children to master correct inhaler technique. Methods This scoping review will follow the Arksey O'Malley scoping review methodology and the 2015 Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. It will be reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses Protocols extension for Scoping Reviews. An initial pilot exercise will be undertaken using the online database MEDLINE before proceeding to a complete search using the databases Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL and the Cochrane library. We will include studies published since the year 1956 on teaching the skill of inhaler technique to children. Due to the iterative nature of a scoping review, the research question or the search terms may alter following a piloting process. Discussion This scoping review will provide a broad overview of currently used educational techniques to improve inhaler technique in children with asthma. The analysis will allow us to refine future research in this area by focusing on the most effective techniques and optimising them. This will likely lead to a systematic review of the literature with the potential to design a randomised control trial of educational interventions to teach inhaler technique to children with asthma.

scholarly journals How we teach children with asthma to use their inhaler: A scoping review protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick McCrossan ◽  
Orla Mallon ◽  
Michael Shields ◽  
Dara O'Donoghue
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Randomised Control Trial ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Inhaler Technique ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract BackgroundOne reason that asthma remains poorly controlled in children is poor inhaler technique. Current guidelines recommend checking inhaler technique at each clinical visit. However, they do not specify how best to train children to mastery of correct inhaler technique. Currently many children are simply shown how to use inhalers (brief Instruction) which results in less than 50% with correct inhaler technique. The aim of this scoping review is to explore published literature on teaching methods used to train children to master correct inhaler technique.MethodsThis scoping review will follow the Arksey O'Malley scoping review methodology and the 2015 Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. It will be reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses Protocols extension for Scoping Reviews. An initial pilot exercise will be undertaken using the online database MEDLINE before proceeding to a complete search using the databases Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL and the Cochrane library. We will include studies published since the year 1956 on teaching the skill of inhaler technique to children. Due to the iterative nature of a scoping review, the research question or the search terms may alter following a piloting process.DiscussionThis scoping review will provide a broad overview of currently used educational techniques to improve inhaler technique in children with asthma. This may allow us to make recommendations for primary and secondary care asthma clinics. The analysis will allow us to refine future research in this area by focusing on the most effective techniques and optimising them. This will likely lead to a systematic review of the literature with the potential to design a randomised control trial of educational interventions to teach inhaler technique to children with asthma.

scholarly journals Hypnotherapy for Procedural Pain and Distress in Children: A scoping Review Protocol

Pain Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daly Geagea ◽  
Zephanie Tyack ◽  
Roy Kimble ◽  
Lars Eriksson ◽  
Vince Polito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Procedural Pain ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Objective Inadequately treated pain and distress elicited by medical procedures can put children at higher risks of acute and chronic biopsychosocial sequelae. Children can benefit from hypnotherapy, a psychological tailored intervention, as an adjunct to pharmacological agents to address the multiple components of pain and distress. Despite providing evidence on the effectiveness and potential superiority of hypnotherapy to other psychological interventions, research on hypnotherapy for paediatric procedural pain and distress has been predominantly limited to oncology and needle procedures. Plus, there is a lack of reporting of intervention manuals, factors influencing hypnotic responding, pain unpleasantness outcomes, theoretical frameworks, adverse events, as well as barriers and facilitators to the feasibility of delivering the intervention and study procedures. The proposed review aims to map the range and nature of the evidence on hypnotherapy for procedural pain and distress in children to identify gaps in literature and areas requiring further investigation. Methods This review will follow the Arksey and O'Malley (2005) methodology and incorporate additional scoping review recommendations by The Joanna Briggs Institute and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses. Relevant studies will be identified through searching published literature databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus and Web of Science) and grey literature in addition to hand-searching of reference lists and key journals. Two authors will independently screen titles and abstracts of search results followed by full-texts review against eligibility criteria. Conclusion Findings are anticipated to guide future research and inform the development of tailored hypnotic interventions in children.

scholarly journals Patients’ and psychiatrists’ perspectives on clozapine treatment—a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e054308
Author(s):  
Michelle Iris Jakobsen ◽  
Ole Jakob Storebø ◽  
Stephen Fitzgerald Austin ◽  
Jimmi Nielsen ◽  
Erik Simonsen
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Patient Perspectives ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Clozapine Treatment ◽  
Primary Literature ◽  
Conference Presentations ◽  
Review Protocol

IntroductionThe atypical antipsychotic clozapine has shown superior efficacy compared with other antipsychotics and is the gold standard for treating otherwise treatment resistant schizophrenia. However, multiple studies have found that clozapine is underutilised in most parts of the world. A few reviews of literature addressing barriers to clozapine prescribing have been conducted. While there is some variation in the literature included in these reviews, a common feature of the studies included is that they primarily focus on clinical staff’s attitudes and perceived barriers for prescribing. Studies of patient perspectives are only sparsely included. A preliminary literature search revealed though, that additional literature on the subject exists, including literature on patient perspectives. It is therefore difficult to conclude if the formerly synthesised literature is representative of current evidence or if the topic has been adequately investigated to inform clinical practice. A scoping review is warranted in order to map and synthesise primary literature on patients’ and psychiatrists’ perspectives on clozapine treatment, and to identify gaps for future research.Methods and analysisThe electronic databases Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Web of Science, Psychinfo, MEDLINE and EMBASE will be searched for relevant publications, supplied with searches of Google scholar, The Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations and OpenGrey. Citation tracking of selected studies will furthermore be undertaken. Two researchers will independently screen and extract data. Data will be collated to provide a descriptive summary of the literature, along with a qualitative content analysis of key findings. Identified gaps in research will be accompanied by recommendations for future investigations.Ethics and disseminationFindings will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed journal and conference presentations. The scoping review does not require ethics approval.

scholarly journals Preoperative education in patients undergoing foot and ankle surgery: A scoping review protocol

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Vergara-Merino ◽  
María Jesús Lira ◽  
Camila Micaela Escobar Liquitay ◽  
Nicolás Gonzales ◽  
Sergio Morales
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Foot And Ankle ◽  
Preoperative Education ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Ankle Surgery ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Clinical Trials Registry

Objective: We aim to identify and to describe all the available evidence addressing preoperative education on patients undergoing any foot and ankle surgery.Design: This is the protocol for a scoping review of the literature.Data sources: We will perform electronic searches on Pubmed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, LILACS, ERIC, Scopus, The Cochrane library, clinicaltrials.gov and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. We will broad this search by conducting a cross-citation search in Google Scholar of all included studies and by checking their references. Eligibility criteria and methods: We will include any study addressing preoperative education on patients undergoing a foot and ankle surgery, without regard to their design or language. Two independent authors will select the studies and extract the data. We will extract data concerning the characteristics of each study, their participants, and data about the preoperative education they evaluated.Ethics: No ethics committee approval is required.

Are decisions by purchasers in an English health district evidence-based?

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Johnstone ◽  
Prabha Lacey
Keyword(s):  
Expert Panel ◽  
Qualitative Studies ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
District Health ◽  
Organisation Of Care ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Independent Expert ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Objectives: First, to investigate how many decisions by one commissioning body (district health authority) were based on evidence of effectiveness from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews of RCTs. Second, to investigate whether other types of quantitative studies and qualitative studies could be used as evidence to support commissioning decisions. Method: From three planning documents (for 1997-1998), all statements were identified. Effectiveness questions were constructed from each and used to search for evidence from trials and reviews in the Cochrane Library (Issue 4, 1998). Further searches for other studies (all methodologies) were performed on a subset of decisions and appraised by an independent expert panel. Results: A total of 124 decisions were identified of which two-thirds concerned organisation of care. Evidence existed for less than half (48.4%) the decisions, with 33.9% favouring the decision and 14.5% where evidence was either equivocal or unfavourable. From a random subset of ten decisions, relevant non-randomised quantitative studies and qualitative studies were identified for half the decisions. Evidence from economic evaluations was identified for only one decision. Conclusions: Large gaps in knowledge exist if health care purchasers are to base their decisions on evidence of effectiveness from RCTs. However, other types of evidence can be used to support such decisions. Summaries of research should be published in a format that is accessible to purchasers.

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