scholarly journals Comparing the differences in three measures of healthy life expectancy among prefectures in Japan.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAZUYA TAIRA ◽  
Soshiro Ogata ◽  
Kei Kamide
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Open Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Disability Free Life Expectancy ◽  
Government Statistics

Abstract Objective: An ecological study using secondary open data from Japanese government statistics was conducted. The study aimed to verify differences in three measures of healthy life expectancy (HLE); namely, disability-free life expectancy without activity limitation (DFLE-AL), life expectancy with self-perceived health (LE-SH), and disability-free life expectancy without care need (DFLE-CN).Results: Each HLE from 47 prefectures in 2010, 2013, and 2016 was extended over time. There were strong Cronbach’s coefficient alpha (α) between DFLE-AL and LE-SH (Minimum α; 0.80, Maximum α;0.90) as well as between LE and DFLE-CN (Minimum α; 0.92, Maximum α; 0.99) in both sexes in every data year. However, the other pairs had weaker associations. In regression analysis with each HLE as a dependent variable and aging rate, mortality, the proportion of unhealthy people as independent variables, the subjective unhealthy rate had significant standardized partial regression coefficients (β) in models with DFLE-AL and LE-SH as dependent variables (Minimum β; -0.56, Maximum β; -0.34). Therefore, DFLE-CN tended to differ from the other HLEs. The subjective unhealthy rate had a significant influence on DFLE-AL and LE-SH.

scholarly journals Comparing the differences in three measures of healthy life expectancy among prefectures in Japan.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAZUYA TAIRA ◽  
Soshiro Ogata ◽  
Kei Kamide
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Open Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Disability Free Life Expectancy ◽  
Government Statistics

Abstract Objective: An ecological study using secondary open data from Japanese government statistics was conducted. The study aimed to verify differences in three measures of healthy life expectancy (HLE); namely, disability-free life expectancy without activity limitation (DFLE-AL), life expectancy with self-perceived health (LE-SH), and disability-free life expectancy without care need (DFLE-CN).Results: Each HLE from 47 prefectures in 2010, 2013, and 2016 was extended over time. There were strong Cronbach’s coefficient alpha (α) between DFLE-AL and LE-SH (Minimum α; 0.80, Maximum α;0.90) as well as between LE and DFLE-CN (Minimum α; 0.92, Maximum α; 0.99) in both sexes in every data year. However, the other pairs had weaker associations. In regression analysis with each HLE as a dependent variable and aging rate, mortality, the proportion of unhealthy people as independent variables, the subjective unhealthy rate had significant standardized partial regression coefficients (β) in models with DFLE-AL and LE-SH as dependent variables (Minimum β; -0.56, Maximum β; -0.34). Therefore, DFLE-CN tended to differ from the other HLEs. The subjective unhealthy rate had a significant influence on DFLE-AL and LE-SH.

scholarly journals Comparing the differences in three measures of healthy life expectancy among prefectures in Japan.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAZUYA TAIRA ◽  
Soshiro Ogata ◽  
Kei Kamide
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Open Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Disability Free Life Expectancy ◽  
Government Statistics

Abstract Objective: An ecological study using secondary open data from Japanese government statistics was conducted. The study aimed to verify differences in three measures of healthy life expectancy (HLE); namely, disability-free life expectancy without activity limitation (DFLE-AL), life expectancy with self-perceived health (LE-SH), and disability-free life expectancy without care need (DFLE-CN).Results: Each HLE from 47 prefectures in 2010, 2013, and 2016 was extended over time. There were strong Cronbach’s coefficient alpha (α) between DFLE-AL and LE-SH (Minimum α; 0.80, Maximum α;0.90) as well as between LE and DFLE-CN (Minimum α; 0.92, Maximum α; 0.99) in both sexes in every data year. However, the other pairs had weaker associations. In regression analysis with each HLE as a dependent variable and aging rate, mortality, the proportion of unhealthy people as independent variables, the subjective unhealthy rate had significant standardized partial regression coefficients (β) in models with DFLE-AL and LE-SH as dependent variables (Minimum β; -0.56, Maximum β; -0.34). Therefore, DFLE-CN tended to differ from the other HLEs. The subjective unhealthy rate had a significant influence on DFLE-AL and LE-SH.

scholarly journals Comparing the differences in three measures of healthy life expectancy, effects of mortality, and proportions of unhealthy people according to prefectures in Japan: An Ecological study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAZUYA TAIRA ◽  
Soshiro Ogata ◽  
Kei Kamide
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Open Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Expectancy Effects ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Disability Free Life Expectancy ◽  
Significant Regression ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Objective: An Ecological study using open data collected, compiled, and published in government statistics in Japan was conducted. The study aimed to verify the differences in these three measures of healthy life expectancy (HLE), namely disability-free life expectancy without activity limitation (DFLE-AL), life expectancy with self-perceived health (LE-SH), and disability-free life expectancy without care need (DFLE-CN), in relation to appropriate policymaking.Results: Using data from 47 prefectures in 2010, 2013, and 2016, the three types of HLE were extended over time. There were strong correlations between DFLE-AL and LE-SH (r = 0.69–0.83) as well as LE and DFLE-CN (r = 0.75–0.98) in both sexes. However, the other correlations were either weak or not significant. Regression analysis examining the association between the aging rate, mortality, the proportion of unhealthy people, and three types of HLE showed that the “subjective unhealthy rate” was significant (the standardized partial regression coefficients = -0.56– -0.34) in models with DFLE-AL and LE-SH as dependent variables. Therefore, DFLE-CN was suggested to be a different indicator from the other two HLEs. The “subjective unhealthy rate” had a significant influence on the prefectural DFLE-AL and LE-SH.

scholarly journals Comparing the differences in three measures of healthy life expectancy, effects of mortality, and proportions of unhealthy people according to prefectures in Japan: An Ecological study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAZUYA TAIRA ◽  
Soshiro Ogata ◽  
Kei Kamide
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Open Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Expectancy Effects ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Disability Free Life Expectancy ◽  
Significant Regression ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Objective Ecological study using open data collected, compiled, and published in government statistics in Japan was conducted. The study aimed to verify the differences in these three measures of healthy life expectancy (HLE), namely disability-free life expectancy without activity limitation (DFLE-AL), life expectancy with self-perceived health (LE-SH), and disability-free life expectancy without care need (DFLE-CN), in relation to appropriate policymaking. Results Using data from 47 prefectures in 2010, 2013, and 2016, the three types of HLE were extended over time. There were strong correlations between DFLE-AL and LE-SH (r = 0.69–0.83) as well as LE and DFLE-CN (r = 0.75–0.98) in both sexes. However, the other correlations were either weak or not significant. Regression analysis examining the association between the aging rate, mortality, the proportion of unhealthy people and three types of HLE showed that the “subjective unhealthy rate” was significant (the standardized partial regression coefficients = -0.56– -0.34) in models with DFLE-AL and LE-SH as dependent variables. Therefore, DFLE-CN was suggested to be a different indicator from the other two HLEs. The “subjective unhealthy rate” had a significant influence on the prefectural DFLE-AL and LE-SH.

scholarly journals Trends of Healthy Life Expectancy of the Elderly in China in 1994–2015: Revisiting From the Perspective of Morbidity Transition

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Junhan Dong ◽  
Chenyuan Zhao ◽  
Qiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Disability Free Life Expectancy ◽  
Sullivan Method

Research on healthy life expectancy (HLE) in China has been fueled by a spate of new data sources and studies, yet no consensus is reached on the pattern of HLE changes and the underlying mechanism. This study examined the change of HLE in China over 20 years with long term national data. Health status, measured by activities of daily living, is combined with mortality to calculate the disability-free life expectancy by the Sullivan method. The results show that the HLE rose slower than life expectancy (LE) in 1994–2004, indicating morbidity expansion. However, in 2010–2015, the proportion of HLE to LE increased, manifesting morbidity compression. A counterfactual analysis further shows that health improvement has been increasingly important in increasing HLE in 2010–2015, despite the dominance of mortality decline. The findings suggest that morbidity can transition between compression, expansion and dynamic equilibrium over a long period due to different combinations of mortality and health improvements. Given the limited data in this study, whether and how morbidity transitions unfold in the future remains open and requires further research.

scholarly journals Geographical socioeconomic inequalities in healthy life expectancy in Japan, 2010-2014: An ecological study.

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 100204
Author(s):  
Aoi Kataoka ◽  
Keisuke Fukui ◽  
Tomoharu Sato ◽  
Hiroyuki Kikuchi ◽  
Shigeru Inoue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Healthy Life

scholarly journals Healthy life expectancy vs health expenditure by sullivan method in Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hakeem Omar ◽  
Nurin Haniah Asmuni ◽  
Sharifah Nazatul Shima
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Malaysian Population ◽  
United State ◽  
Disability Free Life Expectancy ◽  
Sullivan Method

<span lang="EN-MY">The improvement of mortality rates in many countries over the world has a major impact on cost associated with living longer due to mortality and morbidity risk. In particular, the trend in life expectancy of Malaysian population has steadily increased for many years where in 2017, Malaysian are expected to live up to 74.8 years compared to 74.3 years in 2011. Life expectancy can be defined as the average period of a person may expect to live, while the definition of disability-free life expectancy is the average number of years a person is expected to live without health disability.  If a person takes a good care and services through the advancement of medical technology, it may expend the period of life expectancy for a person. Thus, longevity may have a positive relationship with health expenditure. United State for instance spends more on health across years, however United State becomes the outlier as compared to other countries with higher percentage of increase in life expectancy per dollar spent on health expenditure. Disability or disability-free life expectancy can rise at certain degree among Malaysian. The general public do not know whether longevity will expose a person to a greater period spend in disability state or not. Therefore, this paper presents healthy life expectancy vs. health expenditure by Sullivan method in Malaysia to provide further understanding of morbidity rate for Malaysian population due to longevity. This paper calculates the disability-free life expectancy for Malaysian population which then will be used in country comparison. Relationship between disability-free life expectancy and health expenditure will be studied. Sullivan method will be applied in the calculation by using a period life table based on age and gender groups.</span>

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN HEALTHY LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH AND CONSANGUINEOUS MARRIAGES IN 63 COUNTRIES

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOSTAFA SAADAT
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Consanguineous Marriage ◽  
Inbreeding Coefficient ◽  
High Income ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Life Expectancy At Birth ◽  
Per Capita

SummaryIn order to investigate the association between mean inbreeding coefficient (α) and healthy life expectancy at birth (HALE; years) the present ecological study on 63 countries was done. Statistical analysis showed that HALE negatively and positively correlated with log10α and log10GNI per capita, respectively (p<0.001). It should be noted that log10α and log10GNI per capita were significantly correlated with each other (p<0.001). After controlling for log10GNI per capita, significant negative correlations between log10α and HALE were observed. The countries were stratified according to their GNI per capita into low- and high-income countries. In countries with high income, after controlling for log10GNI per capita, the correlation between HALE at birth and log10α was significant (for males r=−0.399, df=32, p=0.001; for females r=−0.683, df=32, p<0.001). In high-income Asian and African countries, where consanguineous marriage is common, after controlling for log10GNI per capita, the correlation between HALE at birth and log10α was significant (for males r=−0.819, df=8, p=0.004; for females r=−0.936, df=8, p<0.001). It seems that consanguinity influences HALE independent of country income.

scholarly journals Dependence- and Disability-Free Life Expectancy Across Eight Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A 10/66 Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 401-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Matthew Prina ◽  
Yu-Tzu Wu ◽  
Carolina Kralj ◽  
Daisy Acosta ◽  
Isaac Acosta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
World Population ◽  
Aging Research ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Disability Free Life Expectancy ◽  
Sullivan Method ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate healthy life expectancies in eight low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), using two indicators: disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) and dependence-free life expectancy (DepFLE). Method: Using the Sullivan method, healthy life expectancy was calculated based on the prevalence of dependence and disability from the 10/66 cohort study, which included 16,990 people aged 65 or above in China, Cuba, Dominican Republic, India, Mexico, Peru, Puerto Rico, and Venezuela, and country-specific life tables from the World Population Prospects 2017. Results: DFLE and DepFLE declined with older age across all sites and were higher in women than men. Mexico reported the highest DFLE at age 65 for men (15.4, SE = 0.5) and women (16.5, SE = 0.4), whereas India had the lowest with (11.5, SE = 0.3) in men and women (11.7, SE = 0.4). Discussion: Healthy life expectancy based on disability and dependency can be a critical indicator for aging research and policy planning in LMICs.

scholarly journals Exercise or sports in midlife and healthy life expectancy: an ecological study in all prefectures in Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takafumi Monma ◽  
Fumi Takeda ◽  
Haruko Noguchi ◽  
Hideto Takahashi ◽  
Taeko Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background With the increase of overall life expectancy in Japan, effective and beneficial lifestyle approaches and practices are crucial for individuals to have a long, productive and healthy life. Although previous studies suggest that exercise or sports, especially when performed with others, from midlife level have a positive impact on enhancing healthy life expectancy, there is paucity of information regarding these contexts and possible associations. The present study intends to clarify the relationship between engagement in exercise or sports among middle-aged persons and healthy life expectancy through an ecological study in all prefectures in Japan. Methods We tabulated (1) the ratios of middle-aged individuals engaged in exercise or sports and (2) the different methods by which they are engaged in exercise or sports for each prefecture by using data from the 2005–2010 Longitudinal Survey of Middle-aged and Elderly Persons by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan. Weighted multiple linear regression analyses were performed by sex, using healthy life expectancy in 2010 of each prefecture calculated by Hashimoto (2013) as a criterion variable; indices of (1) and (2) of each year as explanatory variables; and age, living conditions, employment, and chronic diseases as adjusted variables. Results For middle-aged males, the ratio of those engaged in exercise or sports in each year from 2005 to 2010 was positively correlated with healthy life expectancy; this relationship was found in the ratio of middle-aged engaging in exercise or sports “with families or friends”. For females, such a relationship could only be found in the ratio of middle-aged females engaged in exercise or sports in 2008, and those engaging in exercise or sports “with families or friends” in 2006, 2008 and 2010. Conclusion Prefectures with a higher ratio of middle-aged individuals engaging in exercise or sports, especially when done with families or friends, have longer healthy life expectancies. This was particularly evident for males. Thus, exercise or sports with families or friends in midlife seems to be more effective in promoting healthy life expectancy for males than females in Japan.

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