scholarly journals Probing the Private Quantum Life of s Electrons in Atoms of Nanomaterials -A New Quantum Theoretical Insight

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
KOMBIAH IYAKUTTI ◽  
Surya VJ ◽  
Kawazoe Y
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Quantum Theory ◽  
Orbital Angular Momentum ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Real Situation ◽  
Dimensionless Variable ◽  
Quantum Numbers ◽  
Quantum Technology ◽  
Theoretical Insight

Abstract The exotic properties exhibited by some of the nanomaterials could not be explained by the existing quantum theory. As a result one is forced to look back at the development of the quantum theory and some of the inelegancies. First, the quantized orbital angular momentum of s electron in an atom is taken as zero. This may be an acceptable fact for s electrons in an individual atom, but for the s electrons in a crystal or nanomaterial, this is far from the real situation. Secondly, in the wave function Ψ(r,θ), θ is considered as a dimensionless variable. These inelegancies lead to the impression that the present quantum theory is a steppingstone to a more complete description of nature. Here arises a necessity for probing the private quantum life of s electrons in crystal or nanomaterial. By assigning dimension to θ on par with r, we have quantum engineered the orbital angular momentum and hence the orbital degrees of freedom of s electrons and their signatures in a crystal. This restoration leads to new non-zero angular quantum numbers to s electrons of atoms in a crystal/nanomaterial. As a result the s electron occupation in nanomaterial is altered. Its new physics implications in material science, quantum chemistry and quantum technology are highlighted in this paper.

scholarly journals The Limits of Effective Degrees of Freedom in UCA based Orbital Angular Momentum Multiplexed Communications

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhipeng Li ◽  
Fengzhong Qu ◽  
Yan Wei ◽  
Guowei Yang ◽  
Wen Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Orbital Angular Momentum ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom

scholarly journals Effects of the Coupling between the Orbital Angular Momentum and the Temporal Degrees of Freedom in the Most Intense Ring of Ultrafast Vortices

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Porras
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Orbital Angular Momentum ◽  
Pulse Energy ◽  
Topological Charge ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Source Spectrum ◽  
Vortex Center ◽  
Peak Intensity

It has recently been shown that the temporal and the orbital angular momentum (OAM) degrees of freedom in ultrafast (few-cycle) vortices are coupled. This coupling manifests itself with different effects in different parts of the vortex, as has been shown for the ring surrounding the vortex where the pulse energy is maximum, and also in the immediate vicinity of the vortex center. However, in many applications, the ring of maximum energy is not of primary interest, but the one where the peak intensity of the pulse is maximum, which is particularly true in nonlinear optics applications such as experiments with ultrafast vortices that excite high harmonics and attosecond pulses that also carry OAM. In this paper, the effects of the OAM-temporal coupling on the ring of maximum pulse peak intensity, which do not always coincide with the ring of maximum pulse energy, are described. We find that there is an upper limit to the magnitude of the topological charge that an ultrafast vortex with a prescribed pulse shape in its most intense ring can carry, and vice versa, a lower limit to the pulse duration in the most intense ring for a given magnitude of the topological charge. These limits imply that, with a given laser source spectrum, the duration of the synthesized ultrafast vortex increases with the magnitude of the topological charge. Explicit analytical expressions are given for the ultrafast vortices that contain these OAM-temporal couplings effects, which may be of interest in various applications, in particular in the study of their propagation and interaction with matter.

Interaction-free generation of orbital angular momentum entanglement

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (05) ◽  
pp. 1650006
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Chen ◽  
Dong Jiang ◽  
Xuemei Gu ◽  
Ling Xie ◽  
Lijun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Orbital Angular Momentum ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Quantum Communication ◽  
Superposition State ◽  
Multiple Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Free Generation ◽  
Infinite Range ◽  
Interaction Free Measurement

Due to the infinite range of possibly achievable degrees of freedom, orbital angular momentum (OAM) can tremendously increase the capacity of communication system. Here, we propose a scheme to generate OAM entanglement by using interaction-free measurement (IFM). As the superposition state of the quantum absorption object is not changed after IFM, our scheme can be extended to multiparty easily. The numerical analysis results show that the fidelity of generated OAM entanglement can be arbitrarily close to unity. Besides, the implementation issues are also discussed to evaluate the feasibility in experiment. This OAM entanglement with multiple degrees of freedom will play a key role in distributed entanglement computing and efficient quantum communication.

Terabit-Scale Orbital Angular Momentum Mode Division Multiplexing in Fibers

Science ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 340 (6140) ◽  
pp. 1545-1548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nenad Bozinovic ◽  
Yang Yue ◽  
Yongxiong Ren ◽  
Moshe Tur ◽  
Poul Kristensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Orbital Angular Momentum ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Nonlinear Effects ◽  
Data Traffic ◽  
Additional Degree ◽  
Mode Division Multiplexing ◽  
Spatial Modes ◽  
Momentum Mode

Internet data traffic capacity is rapidly reaching limits imposed by optical fiber nonlinear effects. Having almost exhausted available degrees of freedom to orthogonally multiplex data, the possibility is now being explored of using spatial modes of fibers to enhance data capacity. We demonstrate the viability of using the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light to create orthogonal, spatially distinct streams of data-transmitting channels that are multiplexed in a single fiber. Over 1.1 kilometers of a specially designed optical fiber that minimizes mode coupling, we achieved 400-gigabits-per-second data transmission using four angular momentum modes at a single wavelength, and 1.6 terabits per second using two OAM modes over 10 wavelengths. These demonstrations suggest that OAM could provide an additional degree of freedom for data multiplexing in future fiber networks.

scholarly journals Hadronic currents and form factors in three-body semileptonic $$\tau $$ decays

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Krinner ◽  
Stephan Paul
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Orbital Angular Momentum ◽  
Dipole Moments ◽  
Form Factors ◽  
Decay Chain ◽  
Full Description ◽  
Final States ◽  
Arbitrary Mass ◽  
Quantum Numbers ◽  
Three Body

AbstractThree-body semileptonic $$\tau $$ τ -decays offer a path to understand the properties of light hadronic systems and CP symmetry violations through searches for electric dipole moments. In studies of electro-weak physics, the hadronic part of the final states has traditionally been described using the language of form factors. Spectroscopic information, resolved in terms of orbital angular momentum quantum-numbers, is best being derived from an explicit decomposition of the hadronic current in the orbital angular momentum basis. Motivated by the upcoming large data samples from $$\mathrm {B}$$ B factories, we present the full description of the hadronic currents decomposed into quantum numbers of the hadronic final state using the isobar picture. We present formulas for orbital angular momenta up to three and apply the rules derived from hadron spectroscopy to formulate the decay chain of hadronic three-body systems of arbitrary mass. We also translate this formalism to the language of form factors and thereby correct insufficiencies found in previous analyses of three-body hadronic final states.

All-silicon metasurfaces for polarization multiplexed generation of terahertz photonic orbital angular momentum superposition states

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (16) ◽  
pp. 5478-5485
Author(s):  
Jie Li ◽  
Guocui Wang ◽  
Chenglong Zheng ◽  
Jitao Li ◽  
Yue Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Orbital Angular Momentum ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Superposition State ◽  
Superposition States

The superposition state of photonic orbital angular momentum (OAM) has more degrees of freedom than pure photonic orbital angular momentum, with rich physical implications and engineering application possibilities.

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