scholarly journals Cysticercal Brain Abscess: A Distinct Entity Mimicking Pyogenic Brain Abscess.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radhika Mhatre ◽  
Subhas Konar ◽  
Nishanth S. ◽  
Anita Mahadevan ◽  
B. Indira Devi
Keyword(s):  
Brain Abscess ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Distinct Entity ◽  
Solitary Lesion ◽  
Short Course ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Cysticercal brain abscess is a rare entity with the clinical presentation and radiological findings closely mimicking a pyogenic abscess. We report three cases of cysticercal abscess presenting as solitary lesion in the brain with radiological appearance like an abscess. All the patients underwent excision of the lesion with histopathological diagnosis of cysticercal brain abscess. The clinical outcome was satisfactory after surgical excision. Cysticercal abscess, though rare, should be considered as a differential diagnosis of a solitary rim-enhancing lesion, mainly if the patients belong to the endemic zone of neurocysticercosis. Surgical excision with or without a short course of the anti-parasitic agent is the treatment of choice.

scholarly journals Intracranial Ewing Sarcoma – A case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Jiahua Huang ◽  
Finn Ghent ◽  
Robyn Levingston ◽  
Martin Scholsem
Keyword(s):  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Round Cell ◽  
Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Adjuvant Chemoradiation ◽  
Total Resection ◽  
Mri Brain

Background: Intracranial Ewing’s sarcoma (ES) is a rare entity with <15 cases reported in the literature. It belongs to a family of round-cell neuroectodermally derived tumors bearing many similarities to peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (pPNET). There is currently no established treatment protocol. Reported cases are treated with either surgery alone or surgery with adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation. Case Description: We describe a case of intracranial left frontal ES in a 19-year-old patient who presented with change in behavior. Diagnosis was unclear based on radiological findings on MRI and CT alone. MRI brain with contrast demonstrated a large extra-axial ovoid heterogeneously enhancing left frontal convexity mass. The patient underwent gross total resection with adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation. No local or systemic recurrence was found at 12 months postoperatively. Conclusion: Intracranial ES/pPNET is rare tumor with nonspecific clinical presentation and radiological findings. They are locally invasive. Surgery with adjuvant chemoradiation is the mainstay treatment. Distinction of pPNET and cPNET is important for therapeutic and prognostic purposes.

Brain Abscess

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sneha A. Chinai
Keyword(s):  
Brain Abscess ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Brain Abscesses ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Repeat Imaging

A brain abscess is a life-threatening infection within the brain that originates as cerebritis and evolves into an encapsulated collection of purulent material. Epidemiologically, brain abscesses are seen more frequently in immunocompromised patients. The signs and symptoms of a brain abscess are influenced by the location and size of the infection, the causative pathogen, and the patient’s immune status and medical comorbidities. This diagnosis requires neurosurgical consultation for management and inpatient admission. The majority of patients undergo either needle aspiration or surgical excision. This is critical for obtaining a specimen for culture in order to direct accurate and specific antimicrobial therapy. Needle aspiration is more commonly utilized and has a lower mortality rate than surgical excision. Repeat imaging is required for any change in mental status. Empiric antibiotic selections are guided by the most likely source of infection and are adjusted for renal function.

scholarly journals Utility of Flexible Bronchoscopy for Airway Foreign Bodies Removal in Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose N. Sancho-Chust ◽  
Virginia Molina ◽  
Sandra Vañes ◽  
Ana M. Pulido ◽  
Lia Maestre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Bronchial Tree ◽  
Rigid Bronchoscopy ◽  
Flexible Bronchoscopy ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Bronchial Infection ◽  
The Right

Foreign body aspiration is relatively infrequent in adults. Airway foreign bodies (AFBs) can be removed by flexible bronchoscopy (FB) or rigid bronchoscopy (RB). We performed a retrospective analysis of FBs performed in our centre over a 25 year period, focusing on the procedures that revealed an AFB during the examination stage. We recorded demographic data, clinical characteristics and radiological and bronchoscopic findings. During the study period, 12,588 FBs were performed in adults. Airway foreign bodies were identified in 32 of these cases, giving a prevalence of 0.25%. The most frequent clinical presentation was cough, sputum and fever. The most frequent radiological findings were alveolar infiltrates and atelectasis. In 94% of cases, AFBs were removed successfully by FB; RB was necessary in only 6% of cases. There were no FB-related complications. The most common AFB location was the right bronchial tree (69%). We classified AFBs as organic (85%: animal 57%; vegetable 28%), inorganic (6%) and iatrogenic (9%). Bronchial infection occurred in 51% of cases, and Actinomyces spp. was the most common causal microorganism. In conclusion, AFBs are a rare entity with nonspecific clinical presentation, most AFBs were organic, and FB is a safe and effective method for AFB removal.

scholarly journals Giant Cell Reparative Granuloma Presented as Nasal Mass: A Rare Entity

2021 ◽  
Vol 07 (1&2) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Sampa Choudhury ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Giant Cell Reparative Granuloma ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Nasal Mass ◽  
Neoplastic Lesion ◽  
Maxilla And Mandible

Giant Cell Reparative Granuloma (GCRG) is an unusual non-neoplastic lesion which most commonly involves maxilla and mandible. We present a case of GCRG of the nasal cavity in a young female presented with the complaint of progressively nasal obstruction. Radiological findings are usually nonspecific in this entity, therefore a good clinical, radiological and pathological correlation is needed for final diagnosis and to differentiate it from other giant cell lesions. Surgical excision is the preferred treatment modality over simple curettage.

scholarly journals Chronic Intussusception Associated with Malrotation in a Child: A Variation of Waugh’s Syndrome?

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Zavras ◽  
Konstantinos Tsilikas ◽  
George Vaos
Keyword(s):  
Unusual Case ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Intestinal Malrotation ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Uncommon Disease ◽  
Chronic Intussusception

Chronic intussusception is a relatively uncommon disease most commonly observed in older children. Waugh’s syndrome represents a rare entity characterized by intestinal malrotation and acute intussusception. We report a very unusual case of intestinal malrotation associated with chronic intussusception. Clinical presentation, radiological findings, and managing of this association are discussed in the light of the available literature.

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT AND OUTCOME OF SCALP SUBCUTANEOUS GRANULOMA ANNULARE IN CHILDREN

Neurosurgery ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. E1002-E1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawel P. Jankowski ◽  
Phari H. Krishna ◽  
Joseph C. Rutledge ◽  
John Waldhausen ◽  
Anthony M. Avellino
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Granuloma Annulare ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Solitary Lesion ◽  
Subcutaneous Nodules ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Scalp Lesions

Abstract OBJECTIVE Subcutaneous granuloma annulare (SGA) is a benign inflammatory disorder that rarely affects the scalp. We report 5 cases of children with SGA scalp lesions and discuss our clinical experience and the characteristic findings, diagnostic evaluation, method of treatment, and course of the disease. CLINICAL PRESENTATION Five patients presented with multiple subcutaneous nodules at single or multiple sites overlying the scalp. A retrospective review of the medical, surgical, and pathology records of the 5 patients was conducted. INTERVENTION All scalp lesions were excised and were confirmed histologically to be SGA nodules. In 4 of the 5 patients, the nodules were nontender and nonmobile. The mean number of lesions was 4.2. The mean age of patients at presentation was 3.8 years. Of the 5 patients, 4 experienced at least 1 recurrence of a solitary lesion at either the same site or a different site. In the 80% of patients who experienced a recurrence, all lesions recurred less than 1 year postoperatively, except in the case of 1 patient who continued to experience a disappearance and reappearance of lesions at 72 months. The ultimate diagnosis of all lesions was established through biopsy and subsequent microscopic evaluation. No postoperative complications were noted. CONCLUSION Granuloma annulare should be included in the differential diagnosis whenever a scalp subcutaneous superficial nodule is observed. Although many modalities of treatment for SGA nodules are used, recurrence is common, even with surgical excision.

scholarly journals A Rare Case of Pediatric Bullous Spontaneous Acute Urticaria

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 493-495
Author(s):  
Pınar Gür Çetinkaya ◽  
Bülent Enis Şekerel ◽  
Özge Uysal Soyer ◽  
Ümit Murat Şahiner
Keyword(s):  
Rare Case ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Steroid Treatment ◽  
Systemic Steroid ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Acute Urticaria ◽  
Short Course ◽  
Underlying Pathogenesis

Objective: Acute spontaneous bullous urticaria is an extremely rare entity, and there are few reports with blister formation in acute urticaria patients. Clinical Presentation and Intervention: We present a 2-year-old girl who was admitted for bullous spontaneous acute urticaria; the underlying reason for this was not detected. Nikolsky’s sign and Darier’s sign were negative. Lesions were not compatible with erythema multiforme. However, biopsy was not allowed to be performed. Because of this, the underlying pathogenesis could not be clarified. The patient recovered by a short course of antihistamine and systemic steroid treatment, and the lesions did not recur during a 2-year follow-up. Conclusion: Short-term systemic steroid in addition to oral antihistamines resulted in prompt recovery in a patient with acute urticaria complicated by bullae.

scholarly journals Brain abscess: Current management

2013 ◽  
Vol 04 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S67-S81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hernando Alvis Miranda ◽  
Sandra Milena Castellar Leones ◽  
Mohammed Awad Elzain ◽  
Luis Rafael Moscote-Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Brain Abscess ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Epidural Abscess ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Surgical Skills ◽  
Current Management ◽  
Brain Infection ◽  
Focal Infection ◽  
The Brain

ABSTRACTBrain abscess (BA) is defined as a focal infection within the brain parenchyma, which starts as a localized area of cerebritis, which is subsequently converted into a collection of pus within a well?vascularized capsule. BA must be differentiated from parameningeal infections, including epidural abscess and subdural empyema. The BA is a challenge for the neurosurgeon because it is needed good clinical, pharmacological, and surgical skills for providing good clinical outcomes and prognosis to BA patients. Considered an infrequent brain infection, BA could be a devastator entity that easily left the patient into dead. The aim of this work is to review the current concepts regarding epidemiology, pathophysiology, etiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of BA.

scholarly journals CLINICO-PATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF SINONASAL MASSES

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-35
Author(s):  
Alokendu Bose ◽  
Indranil Khatua ◽  
Nayana Sengupta ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Nasal Discharge ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Main Hospital ◽  
Sex Risk ◽  
The Face ◽  
Eye Symptoms ◽  
The Brain

INTRODUCTION The nose is the most prominent part of the face with substantial aesthetic and functional significance. It is one of the few organs of body invested with an aura of emotional and cultural importance. Anatomical location of the nose and it passage have been regarded as the direct avenue to the brain, man’s source of intelligence and spirituality. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To study the incidence, clinical presentation and pathological profile of various types of sinonasal masses at Tata Main Hospital, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand. To detect the variation of clinical presentation of sinonasal masses in relation to Age, Sex, Risk factors and Occupation, clinical presentation and the histopathological diagnosis of sinonasal masses. Compare the results of this study with the results of the previous workers. MATERIAL & METHODS: This Prospective, observational study was done in the department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tata Main Hospital, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand. 90 patients presenting with the features of nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, headache, anosmia / hyposmia, epistaxis, facial deformity, ear & eye symptoms will be evaluated by taking history and thorough ENT and head and neck examination(including nasal endoscopy) and subjecting them for the procedure. RESULT Out of 90 patients, 59(65.56%) were males and 31(34.44%) were females. In our study, among non neoplastic masses 34 were male and 26 were female. For non-neoplastic lesions the average age of presentation was 36.2 years. Mean age of presentation was 37.21 years. CONCLUSION Emergence of newer surgical, medical and radiological intervention have open up a new chapter with these type of patients. . Awareness regarding the disease process and health education should be provided to people regarding smoking, maintenance of hygienic condition and utilization of health facilities.

Surgical excision of an epicardial ventricular hydatid cyst

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 273-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
Paritosh Ballal ◽  
Alur Chikkabasavaiah Nagamani ◽  
Sadiq Ahmed Sheriff
Keyword(s):  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Cyst Excision ◽  
Cyst Rupture

Isolated cardiac hydatid cyst is a rare entity. It warrants early surgical repair because cyst rupture is potentially fatal. We report the case of a 32-year-old lady with an epicardial ventricular hydatid cyst, which was managed successfully by complete cyst excision.

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