scholarly journals Fine Particulate Matter Pollution Characteristics and Source Apportionment of Changchun Atmosphere

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Tang ◽  
Zhuo Yang ◽  
Yue Tui ◽  
Ju Wang
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Mass Concentration ◽  
Elemental Carbon ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Pollution Characteristics ◽  
Fine Particulate

Abstract In order to study the pollution characteristics and main sources of fine particulate matter in the atmosphere of the city of Changchun, PM2.5 samples were collected during the four seasons in 2014, and representative months for each season are January, April, July, and October. Sample collection was carried out on 10 auto-monitoring stations in Changchun, and PM2.5 mass concentration, and its chemical components (including inorganic elements, organic carbon, elemental carbon, and water-soluble ions) were measured. The results show that the annual average mass concentration of PM2.5 in Changchun in 2014 was about 66.77 µg/m3. Organic matter was the highest component in PM2.5, followed by secondary inorganic ions (SNA), mineral dust (MIN), elemental carbon (EC), and trace elements (TE). Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) results gave seven factors, namely, industrial, biomass- and coal-burning, industrial and soil dust, motor-vehicle, soil and secondary-ion, light-industrial, and hybrid-automotive and -industrial sources in PM2.5, with contributing values of 18.9%, 24.2%, 5.7%, 23.0%, 11.5%, 13.0%, and 3.6%, respectively.

scholarly journals Exposure to chemical components of fine particulate matter and ozone, and placenta-mediated pregnancy complications in Tokyo: a register-based study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takehiro Michikawa ◽  
Seiichi Morokuma ◽  
Shin Yamazaki ◽  
Akinori Takami ◽  
Seiji Sugata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
Network Database ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations

Abstract Background Maternal exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) was associated with pregnancy complications. However, we still lack comprehensive evidence regarding which specific chemical components of PM2.5 are more harmful for maternal and foetal health. Objective We focused on exposure over the first trimester (0–13 weeks of gestation), which includes the early placentation period, and investigated whether PM2.5 and its components were associated with placenta-mediated pregnancy complications (combined outcome of small for gestational age, preeclampsia, placental abruption, and stillbirth). Methods From 2013 to 2015, we obtained information, from the Japan Perinatal Registry Network database, on 83,454 women who delivered singleton infants within 23 Tokyo wards (≈627 km2). Using daily filter sampling of PM2.5 at one monitoring location, we analysed carbon and ion components, and assigned the first trimester average of the respective pollutant concentrations to each woman. Results The ORs of placenta-mediated pregnancy complications were 1.14 (95% CI = 1.08–1.22) per 0.51 μg/m3 (interquartile range) increase of organic carbon and 1.11 (1.03–1.18) per 0.06 μg/m3 increase of sodium. Organic carbon was also associated with four individual complications. There was no association between ozone and outcome. Significance There were specific components of PM2.5 that have adverse effects on maternal and foetal health.

Insights into the Origin of Water Soluble Organic Carbon in Atmospheric Fine Particulate Matter

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 1099-1107 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Snyder ◽  
Andrew P. Rutter ◽  
Ryan Collins ◽  
Chris Worley ◽  
James J. Schauer
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Water Soluble Organic Carbon ◽  
Soluble Organic Carbon

scholarly journals Source Apportionment of PM2.5 during Haze and Non-Haze Episodes in Wuxi, China

Atmosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
Pulong Chen ◽  
Tijian Wang ◽  
Matthew Kasoar ◽  
Min Xie ◽  
Shu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Source Apportionment ◽  
Secondary Organic Aerosols ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Organic Aerosols ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Industrial Sites ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Haze Days

Chemical characteristics of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in Wuxi at urban, industrial, and clean sites on haze and non-haze days were investigated over four seasons in 2016. In this study, high concentrations of fine particulate matter (107.6 ± 25.3 μg/m3) were measured in haze episodes. The most abundant chemical components were organic matter (OM), SO42−, NO3−, elemental carbon (EC), and NH4+, which varied significantly on haze and non-haze days. The concentrations of OM and EC were 38.5 ± 5.4 μg/m3 and 12.3 ± 2.1 μg/m3 on haze days, which were more than four times greater than those on non-haze days. Source apportionment using a chemical mass balance (CMB) model showed that the dominant sources were secondary sulfate (17.7%), secondary organic aerosols (17.1%), and secondary nitrate (14.2%) during the entire sampling period. The source contribution estimates (SCEs) of most sources at clean sites were lower than at urban and industrial sites. Primary industrial emission sources, such as coal combustion and steel smelting, made larger contributions at industrial sites, while vehicle exhausts and cooking smoke showed higher contributions at urban sites. In addition, the SCEs of secondary sulfate, secondary nitrate, and secondary organic aerosols on haze days were much higher than those on non-haze days, indicating that the secondary particulate matter formations process was the dominating reason for high concentrations of particles on haze days.

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