Phlebotomus (Adlerius) Simici Nitzulescu, 1931: First Record in Austria and Phylogenetic Relationship With Other Adlerius Species

Abstract Background Phlebotomine sand flies are the principal vectors of Leishmania spp. (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae). Sand fly findings in Central Europe are scarce and in Austria, to date only Phlebotomus mascittii has been recorded. In 2018 and 2019, entomological surveys were conducted in Austria with the aim to further clarify sand fly distribution and species composition. Results In 2019, a Ph. simici specimen was trapped in Austria for the first time. Analyses of two commonly used marker genes, COI and cyt b, revealed high sequence identity with Ph. simici specimens from North Macedonia and Greece. Phylogenetic analyses showed high intraspecific distances within Ph. simici, thereby dividing this species into three lineages, from Europe, Turkey and Israel, respectively. Low interspecific distances between Ph. simici, Ph. brevis and a yet unidentified Adlerius sp. from Turkey and Armenia highlights that molecular identification can be challenging within the Adlerius complex, even when applying standard marker genes. Conclusion This study provides the first finding of Ph. simici in Austria and the northernmost record so far. Moreover, it reveals valuable insights into the phylogenetic relationships of species within the Adlerius subgenus. Ph. simici is a suspected vector of Leishmania infantum and therefore of medical and veterinary importance. Potential sand fly expansion in Central Europe due to climatic change and the increasing import of Leishmania-infected dogs from endemic areas, urge the need for further studies on sand fly distribution in Austria and Central Europe in general.

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Phlebotomus (Adlerius) simici NITZULESCU, 1931: first record in Austria and phylogenetic relationship with other Adlerius species

10.21203/rs.3.rs-43575/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Edwin Kniha ◽

Vit Dvorak ◽

Markus Milchram ◽

Adelheid Obwaller ◽

Martina Köhsler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Central Europe ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

First Record ◽

Sand Fly ◽

Marker Genes ◽

High Sequence Identity ◽

Phlebotomine Sand Flies ◽

Veterinary Importance ◽

First Time ◽

Standard Marker

Abstract Background: Phlebotomine sand flies are the principal vectors of Leishmania spp. (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae). Sand fly findings in Central Europe are scarce and in Austria, to date only Phlebotomus mascittii has been recorded. In 2018 and 2019, entomological surveys were conducted in Austria with the aim to further clarify sand fly distribution and species composition.Results: In 2019, a Ph. simici specimen was trapped in Austria for the first time. Analyses of two commonly used marker genes, coxI and cytb, revealed high sequence identity with Ph. simici specimens from North Macedonia and Greece. Phylogenetic analyses showed high intraspecific distances within Ph. simici, thereby dividing this species into three lineages, from Europe, Turkey and Israel, respectively. Low interspecific distances between Ph. simici, Ph. brevis and a yet unidentified Adlerius sp. from Turkey and Armenia highlights that molecular identification can be challenging within the Adlerius complex, even when applying standard marker genes.Conclusion: This study provides the first finding of Ph. simici in Austria and the northernmost record so far. Moreover, it reveals valuable insights into the phylogenetic relationships of species within the Adlerius subgenus. Ph. simici is a suspected vector of Leishmania infantum and therefore of medical and veterinary importance. Potential sand fly expansion in Central Europe due to climatic change and the increasing import of Leishmania-infected dogs from endemic areas, urge the need for further studies on sand fly distribution in Austria and Central Europe in general.

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Phlebotomus (Adlerius) simici NITZULESCU, 1931: first record in Austria and phylogenetic relationship with other Adlerius species

Parasites & Vectors ◽

10.1186/s13071-020-04482-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Edwin Kniha ◽

Vít Dvořák ◽

Markus Milchram ◽

Adelheid G. Obwaller ◽

Martina Köhsler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Central Europe ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

First Record ◽

Sand Fly ◽

Marker Genes ◽

Sand Flies ◽

High Sequence Identity ◽

Phlebotomine Sand Flies ◽

Veterinary Importance ◽

First Time

Abstract Background Phlebotomine sand flies are the principal vectors of Leishmania spp. (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae). Information on sand flies in Central Europe is scarce and, to date, in Austria, only Phlebotomus mascittii has been recorded. In 2018 and 2019, entomological surveys were conducted in Austria with the aim to further clarify sand fly distribution and species composition. Results In 2019, a Ph. simici specimen was trapped in Austria for the first time. Analyses of two commonly used marker genes, cytochrome c oxidase I (coxI) and cytochrome b (cytb), revealed high sequence identity with Ph. simici specimens from North Macedonia and Greece. Phylogenetic analyses showed high intraspecific distances within Ph. simici, thereby dividing this species into three lineages: one each from Europe, Turkey and Israel. Low interspecific distances between Ph. simici, Ph. brevis and an as yet unidentified Adlerius sp. from Turkey and Armenia highlight how challenging molecular identification within the Adlerius complex can be, even when standard marker genes are applied. Conclusion To our knowledge, this study reports the first finding of Ph. simici in Austria, representing the northernmost recording of this species to date. Moreover, it reveals valuable insights into the phylogenetic relationships among species within the subgenus Adlerius. Phlebotomus simici is a suspected vector of L. infantum and therefore of medical and veterinary importance. Potential sand fly expansion in Central Europe due to climatic change and the increasing import of Leishmania-infected dogs from endemic areas support the need for further studies on sand fly distribution in Austria and Central Europe in general. Graphic abstract

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A Novel Genotype and First Record of Trypanosoma lainsoni in Argentina

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens9090731 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 731

Author(s):

Anahí G. Díaz ◽

Paula G. Ragone ◽

Fanny Rusman ◽

Noelia Floridia-Yapur ◽

Rubén M. Barquez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Host Range ◽

First Record ◽

Morphological Characterization ◽

Pairwise Identity ◽

Wild Mammals ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Chaco Region ◽

Veterinary Importance ◽

First Time

Trypanosomes are a group of parasitic flagellates with medical and veterinary importance. Despite many species having been described in this genus, little is known about many of them. Here, we report a genetic and morphological characterization of trypanosomatids isolated from wild mammals from the Argentine Chaco region. Parasites were morphologically and ultrastructurally characterized by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Additionally, 18s rRNA and gGAPDH genes were sequenced and analyzed using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. Morphological characterization showed clear characteristics associated with the Trypanosoma genus. The genetic characterization demonstrates that the studied isolates have identical sequences and a pairwise identity of 99% with Trypanosoma lainsoni, which belongs to the clade of lizards and snakes/rodents and marsupials. To date, this species had only been found in the Amazon region. Our finding represents the second report of T. lainsoni and the first record for the Chaco region. Furthermore, we ultrastructurally described for the first time the species. Finally, the host range of T. lainsoni was expanded (Leopardus geoffroyi, Carenivora, Felidae; and Calomys sp., Rodentia, Cricetidae), showing a wide host range for this species.

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Additional data on Iranian trichodorids (Triplonchida: Trichodoridae) and first record of a rare species, Trichodorus variabilis Roca, 1998

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-00003036 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 121-129 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Majid Pedram ◽

Ali Roshan-Bakhsh ◽

Ebrahim Pourjam ◽

Mohammad Reza Atighi ◽

Wilfrida Decraemer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

First Record ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Slight Variation ◽

Natural Forests ◽

Northern Iran ◽

Phylogenetic Studies ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

First Time ◽

Of Greece

Trichodorus variabilis, recovered from three separate locations in natural forests of northern Iran, was studied using morphological, morphometric and molecular data. Variation in position of the ventromedian cervical papillae (CP1 and CP2) with respect to the onchiostyle base in the resting position, and spicule characters (having or lacking striation in distal blade region and bristles in proximal blade region) were observed. Variation was also observed in the nature of the pharyngo-intestinal junction (offset to slight overlapping). The secretory-excretory pore of females also showed slight variation in placement. Molecular phylogenetic studies, using partial 28S rDNA D2-D3 sequences of three studied populations and one sequenced isolate of the species from Greece, revealed T. variabilis has variation in the sequences of this genomic fragment. The similarity percent of four sequences ranged from 96.7 to 99.7%. The species was found for the first time outside of Greece, the country from which it was originally described. A newly recovered population of T. persicus, originally described from Iran, was also included in the molecular phylogenetic analyses.

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First record of Helophorus villosus Düftschmid, 1805 (Coleoptera: Hydrophyloidea: Helophoridae) in Ukraine

The Kharkov Entomological Society Gazette ◽

10.36016/khesg-2018-26-2-1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 5-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

O. G. Shatrovskiy

Keyword(s):

Central Europe ◽

Geographic Distribution ◽

First Record ◽

First Time

Helophorus villosus Düftschmid, 1805, known formerly from Central Europe, has been recorded for the first time from Ukraine (Odessa Region). A description of the species and data on its ecology and geographic distribution are given. H. villosus is proposed to be included in the Red Book of Ukraine.

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First record of Rhyacophila pubescensPictet, 1834 (Trichoptera: Rhyacophilidae) in the Republic of North Macedonia with notes on its ecology and distribution

Ecologica Montenegrina ◽

10.37828/em.2020.31.6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 31 ◽

pp. 28-34

Author(s):

Valentina Slavevska-Stamenković ◽

Jelena Hinić ◽

Ioannis Karaouzas ◽

Halil Ibrahimi ◽

Danijela Mitić-Kopanja ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Central Europe ◽

Population Studies ◽

Balkan Peninsula ◽

First Record ◽

Valuable Source ◽

Ecological Preferences ◽

First Time ◽

Source Of Information

The caddisfly species Rhyacophila pubescens Pictet, 1834 is reported from R. North Macedonia for the first time. Our investigations showed the presence of this species at only one locality at Osogovo Mountain, above the Sasa mine. R. pubescens is commonly distributed in Central Europe but has been rarely found in the southeastern parts of the continent. This record marks the southernmost occurrence of this species in the Balkan Peninsula and increases the number of Rhyacophila species of R. North Macedonia to seventeen. The results obtained in our study a) provide information on the distribution of R. pubescens in the Balkan Peninsula; b) comment on the ecological preferences of the species and c) serve as a valuable source of information for further biodiversity and population studies.

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Molecular and morphological circumscription ofMesocestoidestapeworms from red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in central Europe

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182011000047 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 138 (5) ◽

pp. 638-647 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

GABRIELA HRČKOVA ◽

MARTINA MITERPÁKOVÁ ◽

ANNE O'CONNOR ◽

VILIAM ŠNÁBEL ◽

PETER D. OLSON

Keyword(s):

Central Europe ◽

Slovak Republic ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Mitochondrial Gene ◽

Reproductive Organs ◽

Sympatric Species ◽

Red Foxes ◽

Morphometric Characters ◽

Interspecific Divergence ◽

First Time

SUMMARYHere we examine 3157 foxes from 6 districts of the Slovak Republic in order to determine for the first time the distribution, prevalence and identity ofMesocestodesspp. endemic to this part of central Europe. During the period 2001–2006, an average of 41·9% of foxes were found to harbourMesocestoidesinfections. Among the samples we confirmed the widespread and common occurrence ofM. litteratus(Batsch, 1786), and report the presence, for the first time, ofM. lineatus(Goeze, 1782) in the Slovak Republic, where it has a more restricted geographical range and low prevalence (7%). Using a combination of 12S rDNA, CO1 and ND1 mitochondrial gene sequences together with analysis of 13 morphometric characters, we show that the two species are genetically distinct and can be differentiated by discrete breaks in the ranges of the male and female reproductive characters, but not by the more commonly examined characters of the scolex and strobila. Estimates of interspecific divergence withinMesocestoidesranged from 9 to 18%, whereas intraspecific variation was less than 2%, and phylogenetic analyses of the data showed that despite overlapping geographical ranges, the two commonly reported European species are not closely related, withM. litteratusmore closely allied to North American isolates ofMesocestoidesthan toM. lineatus. We confirm that morphological analysis of reproductive organs can be used to reliably discriminate between these often sympatric species obtained from red foxes.

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First record of the anisakid nematode Anisakis nascettii in the Gervais' beaked whale Mesoplodon europaeus from Brazil

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x14000765 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 90 (1) ◽

pp. 48-53 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M.I.N. Di Azevedo ◽

V.L. Carvalho ◽

A.M. Iñiguez

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Atlantic Coast ◽

Strong Support ◽

Its Region ◽

First Record ◽

Beaked Whale ◽

North East ◽

Maximum Likelihood Methods ◽

First Time

AbstractAnisakid nematodes are parasites with an indirect life cycle, involving many hosts, including cetaceans that act as definitive hosts. Identification at species level is crucial for a better understanding of the epidemiology and ecology of these parasites, but an accurate diagnosis based only on morphology is difficult. In Brazil, genetic characterization of anisakids is still rare, with Anisakis typica and A. physeteris being the only two species identified by genetic markers until now. The definitive hosts of A. nascettii are Mesoplodon grayi, M. bowdoini, M. layardii and M. mirus. Geographical locations of A. nascettii include the coasts of New Zealand, South Africa and Europe. In this study, a nematode was collected from a Gervais' beaked whale, Mesoplodon europaeus, stranded in Ceará State, north-east Brazil. Genetic analysis based on 18S rDNA, internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and mtDNA cox2 gene revealed 100% identity with Anisakis sp. U94365, 99% with Anisakis sp. (MP-2005 EU718477 A. nascettii) and 99% with A. nascettii DQ116431, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses of ITS and cox2 sequences using both neighbour-joining and maximum-likelihood methods provided strong support for a clade with only A. nascettii specimens. This study demonstrated for the first time the identification of A. nascettii in the Brazilian Atlantic Coast, revealing a wider geographical distribution of this parasite worldwide and extending the range of its definitive hosts to a new Mesoplodon species, M. europaeus, the Gervais' beaked whale.

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MOLECULAR DETECTION OF Leishmania IN PHLEBOTOMINE SAND FLIES IN A CUTANEOUS AND VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS ENDEMIC AREA IN NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo ◽

10.1590/s0036-46652014000400015 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 56 (4) ◽

pp. 357-360 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Vanessa Cristina Fitipaldi Veloso Guimarães ◽

Pietra Lemos Costa ◽

Fernando José da Silva ◽

Fábio Lopes de Melo ◽

Filipe Dantas-Torres ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Detection ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Sand Fly ◽

Sand Flies ◽

Phlebotomine Sand Flies ◽

Future Studies ◽

Specific Pcr ◽

Pcr Targeting ◽

First Time ◽

Genus Leishmania

Several phlebotomine sand fly species have been regarded as putative or proven vectors of parasites of the genus Leishmania in Brazil, but data for the northeastern region remains incipient. In this study, a total of 600 phlebotomine sand flies were grouped in pools of 10 specimens each and tested by a Leishmania genus-specific PCR and by a PCR targeting Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum. Fourteen out of 60 pools were positive by the genus-specific PCR, being five pools of L. migonei, seven of L. complexa, one of L. sordellii and one of L. naftalekatzi, which correspond to a minimal infection rate of 2.3% (14/600). Our results, associated with their known anthropophily and their abundance, suggest the participation of L. migonei and L. complexa as vectors of Leishmania in northeastern Brazil. Remarkably, this is the first time in this country that the detection of Leishmania DNA in L. sordellii and L. naftalekatzi has been reported, but future studies are necessary to better understand the significance of these findings.

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First record of Thysanoplusia orichalcea in Hungary (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Plusiinae)

Folia Entomologica Hungarica ◽

10.17112/foliaenthung.2019.80.287 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 80 ◽

pp. 287-291

Author(s):

Diána Balogh ◽

Balázs Tóth

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Central Europe ◽

First Record ◽

Female Specimen ◽

First Time ◽

Lepidoptera Noctuidae

One Thysanoplusia orichalcea female specimen was collected in Szakály, Tolna county, for the first time in Hungary. Occurrence of the species in Hungary is not unexpected, and it could repeatedly migrate to Central Europe in the next years due to climate change. With 3 figures.

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