scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics of Virus-related Uveitic Secondary Glaucoma: Focus on Cytomegalovirus and Varicella Zoster Virus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xintong Fan ◽  
Zhizhe Li ◽  
Ruyi Zhai ◽  
Qilian Sheng ◽  
Xiangmei Kong
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Varicella Zoster Virus ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Secondary Glaucoma ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Antiglaucoma Medication ◽  
Ganciclovir Treatment ◽  
Cup To Disc Ratio

Abstract Background: We aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics of secondary glaucoma related to cytomegalovirus (CMV)- and varicella zoster virus (VZV)-positive uveitis. Methods: In this retrospective study, we enrolled 60 patients with secondary glaucoma. All the patients underwent aqueous and serum analyses for viral antibody through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Among the 60 included patients, 22 had CMV-negative Posner-Schlossman syndrome (CMV-negative PSS), 25 had CMV-positive PSS (CMV-PSS), and 13 had VZV-positive anterior uveitis secondary glaucoma (VZV-AUSG). We evaluated the following main indicators: age, disease duration, intraocular pressure (IOP), cup-to-disc ratio, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), corneal endothelial cell (CEC) count, ocular morphological changes, and medical treatments.Results: We found that 25 of the 47 patients with PSS were CMV-positive. Patients with CMV-PSS had a larger cup-to-disc ratio (p = .043), lower CEC density (p = .017), and more severe CEC loss (p < .001). The CMV-positive PSS group had more patients with iris depigmentation (p = .006). Compared with patients with CMV-PSS, those with VZV-AUSG were older (p = .003), presented a higher IOP (p = .015), and had poorer BCVA (p < .001). Patients with CMV-PSS and VZV-AUSG all accepted ganciclovir treatment, and those with CMV-PSS used fewer antiglaucoma agents simultaneously compared with CMV-negative PSS (p = .005) and VZV-AUSG (p < .001). All three groups had a comparable proportion of patients requiring antiglaucoma surgery.Conclusions: We observed some distinctive clinical features in CMV-PSS that could help clinicians discriminate it from CMV-negative PSS. Further, we found that patients with VZV-AUSG presented a higher IOP and worse visual acuity, and required more antiglaucoma medication than those with CMV-PSS.

Brief Report Susceptibility of Filipino Nurses to the Varicella-Zoster Virus

1986 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabil T. Nassar ◽  
Helen C. Tourna
Keyword(s):  
Varicella Zoster Virus ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
American University ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
American University Of Beirut ◽  
Filipino Nurses ◽  
Risk Areas

AbstractFollowing an outbreak of varicella, 18% of a group of 174 young female Filipino nurses ranging in age from 20 to 25 years and working at the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUMC) were found susceptible to the varicella-zoster virus; as compared to 3% of a matched group of 133 of their Lebanese colleagues. The level of antibody was determined by the Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Those susceptible were assigned duties in low-risk areas to varicella-zoster in the hospital.

Screening Healthcare Workers for Varicella-Zoster Virus: Can We Trust the History?

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 595-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maha Almuneef ◽  
Ziad A. Memish ◽  
Mostafa F. Abbas ◽  
Hanan H. Balkhy
Keyword(s):  
Varicella Zoster Virus ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
New Employees ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
History Of ◽  
Serologic Screening ◽  
New Recruits

AbstractObjective:To determine the relationship between immunity and a history of chickenpox based on a self-administered questionnaire.Methods:We investigated immunity to varicella-zoster virus in a cohort of newly recruited employees with different job categories and different nationalities using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay IgG.Results:There were 1,058 new recruits. Of these, 890 (84%) were immune and 168 (16%) were susceptible. The susceptibility rate was 23% (n = 77) for Asian, 15% (n = 14) for South African, 13% (n = 66) for Middle Eastern, and 9% (n = 11) for Western employees. Physicians were more likely to be immune (93%) than were nurses (85%), medical technicians (75%), or administrative clerks (84%). Seropositivity was not affected by age or gender. The positive predictive value of a history of chickenpox for the seropositivity was 89% (511 of 574); the negative predictive value was 22% (105 of 484). History of chickenpox had a sensitivity of 57% (511 of 890) and a specificity of 63% (105 of 168).Conclusions:The varicella-zoster virus seroprevalence among new employees was low, posing an important risk to existing employees and patients. Positive or negative history of chickenpox was an unreliable indicator of susceptibility among healthcare workers of different nationalities. Serologic screening of all employees and vaccination of those susceptible was recommended.

Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with glaucoma in a tertiary eye facility in Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Doreen Nelson-Ayifah ◽  
Khathutshelo P. Mashige
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Angle Closure ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Intra Ocular Pressure ◽  
Ocular Pressure ◽  
Cup To Disc Ratio

Background: Ghana has been reported to have the second highest prevalence of glaucoma worldwide.Aim: Because of glaucoma causing numerous cases of irreversible blindness, there is the need for baseline data for glaucoma characteristics among Ghanaians. This study was conducted to determine the demographic and clinical characteristics of glaucoma patients in a tertiary eye centre.Setting: The setting for this study is the eye clinic of the Agogo Presbyterian Hospital, which is situated in the Ashanti Region of Ghana.Methods: The medical records of patients who attended the eye centre from January 2013 to December 2017 were reviewed. The data collected included the demographic variables and clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed with glaucoma.Results: Of the 1100 medical records reviewed, 311 were diagnosed with glaucoma. Of the 311 patients, 159 (51.1%) were males and 152 (48.9%) were females, with their ages ranging from 11 to 104 years (mean = 60 ± 18.1 years). Primary open-angle, secondary, juvenile and primary angle-closure glaucomas accounted for 81.6%, 11%, 3.8% and 3.6%, respectively, of all cases of glaucoma. The average intra-ocular pressure was 28.2 ± 11 mmHg. The cup-to-disc ratio and visual acuity varied significantly among the various ethnic groups (p 0.05), while the average intra-ocular pressure did not (p 0.05). Timolol was the first line of treatment for 91.4% cases of glaucoma.Conclusion: Primary open-angle glaucoma is the predominant type in this population, with the clinical characteristics of visual acuity and cup-to-disc ratio varying among the different Ghanaian ethnic groups. There is a need for population-based epidemiologic studies to validate the data collected in this hospital-based study.

scholarly journals Detection of Antibodies to Varicella-Zoster Virus in Recipients of the Varicella Vaccine by Using a Luciferase Immunoprecipitation System Assay

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 1288-1291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey I. Cohen ◽  
Mir A. Ali ◽  
Ahmad Bayat ◽  
Sharon P. Steinberg ◽  
Hosun Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Varicella Zoster Virus ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Varicella Vaccine ◽  
The United States ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Viral Capsid Antigen ◽  
Glycoprotein E ◽  
Varicella Zoster

ABSTRACTA high-throughput test to detect varicella-zoster virus (VZV) antibodies in varicella vaccine recipients is not currently available. One of the most sensitive tests for detecting VZV antibodies after vaccination is the fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen (FAMA) test. Unfortunately, this test is labor-intensive, somewhat subjective to read, and not commercially available. Therefore, we developed a highly quantitative and high-throughput luciferase immunoprecipitation system (LIPS) assay to detect antibody to VZV glycoprotein E (gE). Tests of children who received the varicella vaccine showed that the gE LIPS assay had 90% sensitivity and 70% specificity, a viral capsid antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) had 67% and 87% specificity, and a glycoprotein ELISA (not commercially available in the United States) had 94% sensitivity and 74% specificity compared with the FAMA test. The rates of antibody detection by the gE LIPS and glycoprotein ELISA were not statistically different. Therefore, the gE LIPS assay may be useful for detecting VZV antibodies in varicella vaccine recipients. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT00921999.)

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document