scholarly journals The Bidirectional Relationship Between Cognitive Function and Loss Hierarchy of Activities of Daily Living Among Older Adults with Disabilities in China: A Cross-Lagged Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Sun ◽  
Nan Jiang ◽  
Nan Lu ◽  
Vivian W. Q. Lou
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Service Needs ◽  
Social Burden ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
Late Loss

Abstract Background The Chinese population is experiencing rapid aging, limitations in activities of daily living and decline in cognitive function among the oldest-old group causes tremendous economic, family and social burden. Examining their relationship is critically relevant for policymakers. The present study aimed to determine the bidirectional relationship between cognitive function and the loss hierarchy of activities of daily living among older adults in China. Methods Data were derived from a sample of 469 older adults who participated in both the 2010 and 2013 waves of a Longitudinal Study on Family Caregivers for Frail Older Adults. Cognitive function was assessed using the Chinese version of the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire and activities of daily living were measured by self-reports of having difficulty or needing help with basic daily activities. A cross-lagged analysis was adopted. Results In general, the results showed cognitive function in 2010 was a significant predictor of middle loss activities of daily living (dressing, moving, bathing and toileting) in 2013, and late loss activities of daily living (feeding and hygiene) in 2013. The loss hierarchy of activities of daily living among older adults was not shown to be significant as a risk factor of cognitive function in 2013. Conclusions The findings expanded understanding of the relationship between cognitive function and the loss hierarchy of activities of daily living as well as provided evidence for clinicians and service planners for anticipating the subsequent care and service needs of the elderly and their families.

The relationship between activities of daily living,falls and fear of falling in older adults : A crosssectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 420-425
Author(s):  
Hamed Mortazavi ◽  
Mahbubeh Tabatabaeichehr ◽  
Masoumeh Taherpour ◽  
Mohadece Masoumi
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
The Relationship

Objective : Doingactivities of daily living can bring independence for the elderly. It can also maintain their health and social participation. However, experience of falls and fear of falling can affect the health and personal social life of the elderly. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between falls and fear of falling with activities of daily living in older adults. Materials and methods : Four hundred and fifty elderly persons were enrolled in this cross-sectional study using cluster sampling. Demographic variables, Fall Efficacy Scale- International (FES-I) and questionnaires related to the study of activities of daily living were employed. To investigate advanced activities of daily living, open-ended questions were used. The history of falls within the last 12 months was investigated. Results : Mean score of basic activities of daily living in the elderly being studied was 15.49±1.74, and 95.4% of them were independent in doing these activities.Mean score of instrumental activities of daily living was 11.30±3.36, and 71.5% of them were independent in doing these activities. Participation of elderly persons in social activities was reported to be 77.9%. There was a significant relationship between activities of daily living (basic, instrumental, and advanced) and falls and fear of falling (p<0.05). Conclusion : Falls and fear of falling reduce the independence of elderly persons in doing activities of daily living. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(2) 2021 p.420-425

scholarly journals Age, Period, and Cohort Effects on Activities of Daily Living, Physical Performance, and Cognitive Functioning Impairment Among the Oldest-Old in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 1214-1221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Dong Zhang ◽  
Yue-Bin Lv ◽  
Zhi-Hao Li ◽  
Zhao-Xue Yin ◽  
Fu-Rong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Cohort Effects ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Function Impairment

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to examine the trends in impairment regarding activities of daily living (ADL), physical performance, and cognitive function among the oldest-old (those aged 80 and older) in China between 1998 and 2014. Methods We used data on 34,297 oldest-old individuals from the seven waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Study. We estimated age, period, and cohort effects on the prevalence of self-reported ADL impairment, tested physical performance and cognitive function impairment using the age–period–cohort model. Results Regarding age, the prevalence of ADL, physical performance, and cognitive function impairment were highest in the centenarians, but they did not increase with age in this population. Among the literate subgroup, the prevalence of cognitive impairment increased more rapidly with age than that in the illiterate subgroup. Regarding period, the prevalence of self-reported and tested physical impairment slowly increased between 1998 and 2014, but cognitive impairment remained stable. Regarding cohort, ADL impairment continuously decreased. However, physical and cognitive impairment remained stable after a brief decline in the early birth cohorts. Conclusions The results suggest that the age effect is still the most obvious effect regarding several types of functional impairment. The likelihood of a younger person experiencing functional impairment may not change significantly, but ADL is likely to be amenable to improvement resulting from improved medical and social care. Therefore, increased care for the oldest-old may considerably improve their quality of life, particularly regarding their basic ADL.

scholarly journals Association between cognitive declines and disability in activities of daily living in older adults with COPD: evidence from the China health and retirement longitudinal study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e040098
Author(s):  
Bingyan Gong ◽  
Shaomei Shang ◽  
Chao Wu
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Visuospatial Ability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adl Disability

ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between disability and domain-specific cognitive function in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).DesignCross-sectional analyses combined with retrospective longitudinal analyses.SettingWe included 450 communities in China.ParticipantsIn this study, 1022 (mean age: 68.6±6.3; 612 males) and 152 (mean age: 67.0±5.2; 83 males) older adults with COPD from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were included in a cross-sectional multivariate linear regression analysis and a longitudinal logistic regression analysis, respectively.Outcome measuresDisability was determined by the difficulty or inability to complete 1 of the 12 activity items in basic activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL. The cognitive dimensions of episodic memory, attention/numerical ability, orientation to time, and visuospatial ability were assessed via the immediate/delayed recall task, serial sevens task, naming the current date and pentagon-figure-drawing tasks, respectively.ResultsOf 1022 older respondents with COPD at wave-4, 48.5% had ADL disability. Declines in the global cognitive function (β (95% CI)=−0.627 (−1.214 to –0.040)), orientation to time (β (95% CI)=−0.207 (−0.364 to –0.050)) and visuospatial ability (β (95% CI)=−0.068 (−0.127 to –0.009)) were significantly associated with the presence of ADL disability, when demographic and health-related variables were adjusted. Of 152 older participants with COPD and without ADL disability in wave-2, 61 (40.1 %) developed disability over a 2-year follow-up. Relative to the participants without a decline in orientation to tine, those with the condition had greater odds of incidence of ADL disability increased by a factor of about 1.46 over a 2-year follow-up.ConclusionsIn older adults with COPD, orientation to time and visuospatial inability are vulnerable to the presence of a disability. Prevention of a decline in orientation to time might help prevent disability in older people with COPD.

scholarly journals Two-year course of cognitive function and instrumental activities of daily living in older adults with bipolar disorder: evidence for neuroprogression?

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 801-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Gildengers ◽  
D. Chisholm ◽  
M. A. Butters ◽  
S. J. Anderson ◽  
A. Begley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Instrumental Activities

BackgroundWhile bipolar disorder (BD) is a leading cause of disability, and an important contributor to disability in BD is cognitive impairment, there is little systematic research on the longitudinal course of cognitive function and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) in late-life. In this report, we characterize the 2-year course of cognitive function and IADLs in older adults with BD.MethodWe recruited non-demented individuals 50 years and older with BD I or BD II (n = 47) from out-patient clinics or treatment studies at the University of Pittsburgh. Comparator subjects (‘controls’) were 22 individuals of comparable age and education with no psychiatric or neurologic history, but similar levels of cardiovascular disease. We assessed cognitive function and IADLs at baseline, 1- and 2-year time-points. The neuropsychological evaluation comprised 21 well-established and validated tests assessing multiple cognitive domains. We assessed IADLs using a criterion-referenced, performance-based instrument. We employed repeated-measures mixed-effects linear models to examine trajectory of cognitive function. We employed non-parametric tests for analysis of IADLs.ResultsThe BD group displayed worse cognitive function in all domains and worse IADL performance than the comparator group at baseline and over follow-up. Global cognitive function and IADLs were correlated at all time-points. The BD group did not exhibit accelerated cognitive decline over 2 years.ConclusionsOver 2 years, cognitive impairment and associated functional disability of older adults with BD appear to be due to long-standing neuroprogressive processes compounded by normal cognitive aging rather than accelerated cognitive loss in old age.

scholarly journals Functioning in Institutionalized and Noninstitutionalized Older Adults: A Comparative Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Lopes ◽  
Lara Pinho ◽  
César Fonseca ◽  
Margarida Goes ◽  
Henrique Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Self Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Functional Profile ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Core Set ◽  
Functional Profiles ◽  
Elderly Living

Abstract BackgroundIt is important to characterize the functioning of elderly adults in different care contexts and evaluate their suitability to the condition of the elderly population. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the functional profiles of institutionalized and noninstitutionalized older adults; to evaluate the effect of biological and sociodemographic factors on the determination of functional profiles and to evaluate the probability of an older adults obtaining a certain overall functional profile based on his/her age.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study that included 476 participants over 65 years old who were divided into two groups: noninstitutionalized elderly living in their homes and attending day care centers (100) and institutionalized elderly living in nursing homes (376). The data were collected using the semi-structured interview method and it was applied the Elderly Nursing Core Set. ResultsThe Elderly Nursing Core Set model tested consisted of 22 items in five domains: “Self-Care - Activities of daily living (a)”; “Self-Care - Activities of daily living (b)”; “Mental Functions”; “Communication” and “Support and Relationships”. Women, older participants, illiterate elderly and institutionalized participants had worse functional profile results.ConclusionsAge, female sex, lack of education, and institutionalization are negatively related to the functional profile. Given the association between education level and functioning, it is necessary to promote the training of elderly individuals throughout life. The implementation of social and health responses should allow elderly individuals to remain in their homes, given the influence of functioning on self-care and quality of life.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE AND CORRELATES OF IMPAIRMENTS IN ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING IN OLDER KOREANS: COMPARISON OF YOUNG-OLD AND OLD-OLD

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. e1-e10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seonho Kim ◽  
Dallong Han ◽  
Jongeun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Perceived Health Status ◽  
Young Old

Background and ObjectiveSocietal aging and increasing average life expectancy have led to a significant increase in the population of individuals aged 75 years or above. Hence, it is becoming more meaningful and appropriate for researchers to divide those above the age of 65 years into various subgroups, such as young-old and old-old. Based on this division, we investigated the prevalence and correlates of impairments in activities of daily living (ADLs) among community-dwelling older adults (young-old vs. old-old) in South Korea. Material and MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study. We used the data of 4,368 older adults (≥65 years old) from the 2012 Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging. ADL impairment was assessed using a modified version of the Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living. ResultsThe prevalence of ADL impairment was greater in old-old participants (12.7%) than in young-old ones (3.0%). ADL impairment was significantly associated with gender, perceived health status, regular exercise, cognitive function, and depressive symptoms in young-old individuals. By contrast, in old-old individuals, the significant predictors were residential area, socioeconomic status, perceived health status, regular exercise, cognitive function, and depressive symptoms. Among both age subgroups, cognitive function was the strongest predictive factor of ADL impairment. Conclusion We found clear age differences in the prevalence and correlates of ADL impairment in older Koreans. Such age differences should be considered when studying and developing interventions for ADL impairment in older adults.

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