scholarly journals Performance evaluation and analysis of four waves mixing in DWDM optical communications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebrahim E. Elsayed
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Wavelength Conversion ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
Nonlinear Effects ◽  
Wdm Optical Networks ◽  
Component Reliability ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Dwdm System

Abstract Optical nonlinearities give rise to many ubiquitous effects in optical fibres ’. These effects are interesting in themselves and can be detrimental in optical communication. In the Dense Wave length division multiplexing system (DWDM) the nonlinear effects plays important role .DWDM system offers component reliability, system availability and system margin. DWDM system carries different channels. Hence power level carried by fiber increases which generates nonlinear effect such as SPM, XPM, SRS, SBS and FWM. Four wave mixing (FWM) is one of the most troubling issues. The FWM gives crosstalk in DWDM system whose channel spacing is narrow. Wavelength exchanging enables data swapping between two different wavelengths simultaneously. These phenomena have been used in many applications in Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) optical networks such as, wavelength conversion, wavelength sampling, optical 3R, optical interconnects and optical add-drop multiplexing.

scholarly journals Performance evaluation and analysis of four waves mixing in DWDM optical communications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebrahim E. Elsayed
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Wavelength Conversion ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
Nonlinear Effects ◽  
Wdm Optical Networks ◽  
Component Reliability ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Dwdm System

Abstract Optical nonlinearities give rise to many ubiquitous effects in optical fibres ’. These effects are interesting in themselves and can be detrimental in optical communication. In the Dense Wave length division multiplexing system (DWDM) the nonlinear effects plays important role .DWDM system offers component reliability, system availability and system margin. DWDM system carries different channels. Hence power level carried by fiber increases which generates nonlinear effect such as SPM, XPM, SRS, SBS and FWM. Four wave mixing (FWM) is one of the most troubling issues. The FWM gives crosstalk in DWDM system whose channel spacing is narrow. Wavelength exchanging enables data swapping between two different wavelengths simultaneously. These phenomena have been used in many applications in Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) optical networks such as, wavelength conversion, wavelength sampling, optical 3R, optical interconnects and optical add-drop multiplexing.

scholarly journals Performance evaluation and analysis of four waves mixing in DWDM optical communications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebrahim E. Elsayed
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Wavelength Conversion ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
Nonlinear Effects ◽  
Wdm Optical Networks ◽  
Component Reliability ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Dwdm System

Abstract Optical nonlinearities give rise to many ubiquitous effects in optical fibres. These effects are interesting in them and can be detrimental in optical communication. In the Dense Wave length division multiplexing system (DWDM) the nonlinear effects plays important role .DWDM system offers component reliability, system availability and system margin. DWDM system carries different channels. Hence power level carried by fiber increases which generates nonlinear effect such as SPM ,XPM, SRS, SBS and FWM. Four waves mixing (FWM) is one of the most troubling issues. The FWM gives crosstalk in DWDM system whose channel spacing is narrow. Wavelength exchanging enables data swapping between two different wavelengths simultaneously. These phenomena have been used in many applications in Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) optical networks such as, wavelength conversion, wavelength sampling, optical 3R, optical interconnects and optical add-drop multiplexing.

Switch Architecture with Wavelength Conversion in Optical Networks

2011 ◽  
Vol 474-476 ◽  
pp. 1479-1482
Author(s):  
Ning Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Wavelength Conversion ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Wdm Optical Networks ◽  
Wavelength Converter ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Wavelength Reuse ◽  
Network Flexibility

In this paper, we analyze the optical network with wavelength conversion, and discuss the architecture of network with wavelength converter in its node. The optical cross connects technology for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) is rapidly developing. Wavelength conversion is one of the key techniques for switch WDM optical networks. The wavelength conversion technology can achieve wavelength reuse, decrease wavelength competition, enhance network flexibility and scalability, and simplify network structure and management. The results show that If these cross-connectors feature integrated with wavelength conversion, network will be better able to play the full potential of WDM optical networks.

Survivability in Optical Networks

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Bin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Mesh Networks ◽  
Future Internet ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Wdm Optical Networks ◽  
Switched Networks ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Internet Backbone ◽  
Recent Developments

WDM optical networks are widely viewed as the most appropriate choice for the future Internet backbone with the potential to fulfill the ever-growing demands for bandwidth. A failure in a network such as a cable cut may result in a tremendous loss of data. Therefore, network survivability, the ability for a network to continue to provide services in the event of failures, is a very important issue in WDM optical networks. This chapter introduces the principles and state-of-the-art of survivability provisioning in optical networks, in particular, in optical networks that employ wavelength division multiplexing (WDM). Concepts of survivability provisioning in optical networks such as protection and restoration, dedicated versus shared survivability, path-based, link-based, segment-based, cycle-based survivability, and so on, are covered to provide multiple classes of quality of protection against single failure, dual-failure, multiple simultaneous failures, or shared risk link group failures, in WDM mesh networks. Recent developments in survivable service provisioning are summarized, such as survivability provisioning that takes into account the connection holding-time, survivability in WDM light-trail networks and optical burst switched networks. Finally, the chapter briefly examines future research directions.

scholarly journals The Gain of Performance of Optical WDM Networks

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Miroslav Bahleda ◽  
Karol Blunar
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Wavelength Conversion ◽  
Blocking Probability ◽  
Probability Model ◽  
Wdm Networks ◽  
Single Fiber ◽  
Conversion Degree ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Optical Wdm

We study the blocking probability and performance of single-fiber and multifiber optical networks with wavelength division multiplexing (WDM). We extend the well-known analytical blocking probability model by Barry and Humblet to the general model, which is proposed for both single-fiber and multifiber network paths with any kind of wavelength conversion (no, limited, or full wavelength conversion) and for uniform and nonuniform link loads. We investigate the effect of the link load, wavelength conversion degree, and the number of wavelengths, fibers, and hops on blocking probability. We also extend the definition of the gain of wavelength conversion by Barry and Humblet to the gain of performance, which is fully general. Thanks to this definition and implementation of our model, we compare different WDM node architectures and present interesting results.

ON THE FAULT-TOLERANCE AND SIZE OF WDM OPTICAL NETWORKS

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (01) ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
PIETRO CERES ◽  
RAFFAELE CERES
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Data Streams ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Wdm Optical Networks ◽  
Lower And Upper Bounds ◽  
Link Failures ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Multiple Data ◽  
All Optical

In optical networks the approach called wavelength division multiplexing allows multiple data streams to be transmitted concurrently along a single optical link, with different streams assigned separate wavelengths. In this paper we refer to all-optical networks, in which each connection is totally optical except at the terminal nodes. For these networks we determine the minimum possible number of links required to perform a fault tolerant broadcast from any node, in terms of the number of nodes, the number of link failures to tolerate and the number of wavelengths to use. We also give lower and upper bounds on the number of wavelengths required for any broadcast which tolerates a given number of link failures on networks with arbitrary topologies.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF WSXC AND WIXC SSM OXC IN WDM OPTICAL NETWORKS

2014 ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
MD. ISHTIAQUE AZIZ ZAHED ◽  
MD. SHAH AFRAN
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Wavelength Conversion ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Propagation Delay ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
Wdm Optical Networks ◽  
Power Penalty ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
The Impact

The impact of inband crosstalk on an optical signal passing through optical cross-connect nodes (OXC’s) in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) optical network, is studied from the equation of electric field with crosstalk and the corresponding current. The analysis has been done for two SSM (space switching matrix) OXC architecture namely WSXC & WIXC where later one has full wavelength conversion capability. Although WIXC attenuates more crosstalk though it is found that depending on the values of optical propagation delay differences, coherent time of lasers and time duration of one bit of the signal, the required power penalty in WIXC may be greater than that of WSXC in some cases. The analysis has been performed on the measures of Bit Error Rate (BER) and Power Penalty.

Realizing Exchanged Crossed Cube Communication Patterns on Linear Array WDM Optical Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (06) ◽  
pp. 1003-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Liang Liu ◽  
Jou-Ming Chang
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Linear Array ◽  
Interconnection Network ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Wavelength Assignment ◽  
Wdm Optical Networks ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Crossed Cube

The exchanged crossed cube, denoted by [Formula: see text], is a novel interconnection network with fewer edges and smaller diameter compared to other variations of the corresponding hypercube. The linear array, denoted by [Formula: see text], is one of the most popular topologies in optical networks. This paper addresses the routing and wavelength assignment for realizing [Formula: see text] communication pattern on wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) optical network [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text]. We prove that the congestion for [Formula: see text] on [Formula: see text] is equal to [Formula: see text], which is the lower bound of the minimum number of required wavelengths. In addition, an embedding scheme and an optimal wavelength assignment algorithm that achieve this bound are also proposed.

scholarly journals Mitigation of Fiber Nonlinear Effects in 1.28 Tbps DQPSK Modulated DWDM System

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Huszaník ◽  
Ján Turán ◽  
Ĺuboš Ovseník
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Phase Modulation ◽  
Fractional Fourier Transform ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Nonlinear Effects ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Linear And Nonlinear ◽  
Dwdm System

The main limitation factor of high capacity multichannel DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) systems are fiber nonlinear effects. The optical signal is severely degraded due to fiber nonlinear effects also known as Kerr fiber nonlinearity. Nonlinear effects under investigation are self-phase modulation (SPM) and cross-phase modulation (XPM). There are several methods to compensate these nonlinear distorts, some less or more effective. Nonlinear distort due to SPM and XPM can be effectively mitigated through implementation of optical DQPSK modulation over commonly used intensity modulation known as OOK (On-Off Keying). This paper presents a numerical simulation model of 1.28 Tbps DWDM system with optical DQPSK modulation. We present several scenarios and methods to mitigate fiber nonlinear effects including Fractional Fourier Transform (FrFT). Linear and nonlinear effects are considered together, so we implement the inline FrFT module in the optical domain which causes a time-frequency plane rotation to mitigate combined linear and nonlinear effects. The performance of proposed 1.28 Tbps DQPSK modulated DWDM system is evaluated in term of bit error rate (BER) and Q factor value.

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