scholarly journals Prevalence and Factors Associated with Major Depression Among Female Sex Workers in Post-Conflict Gulu District: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ouma Simple ◽  
Nazarius Mbona Tumwesigye ◽  
Rawlance Ndejjo ◽  
Catherine Abbo
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Gulu District ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background: Depression is the world’s leading cause of disability and a major contributor to the overall global burden of disease. Female sex workers operating in conflict-affected settings could be more prone to depression, yet the prevalence and factors associated with depression among this special population remain inadequately addressed. This study thus aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with major depression among female sex workers in post-conflict Gulu district. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 randomly selected female sex workers in Gulu district between March and June 2020. Possible factors associated with depression were assessed using pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire and participants assessed for major depression using Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) version 7.0.0. We utilized STATA 14.0 for univariate, bivariate and multivariate data analyses.Results: The mean age of study participants was 26.4 years (SD = 6), 57.7% attained primary education, 51.7% never married and 42.1% were living with HIV. Almost half (47.7%) of the participants had major depression, of whom half (50.4%) had severe depression and one-thirds (34.3%) had suicidal ideation. At multivariate level, factors that showed positive association with major depression were: psychological stressor (aOR = 11.0, 95%CI: 5.77-20.86), living with HIV (aOR= 2.32, 95%CI: 1.29-4.15), being verbally abused (aOR = 2.27, 95%CI: 1.26-4.07), and being 30+ years of age (aOR = 1.95, 95%CI: 1.05-3.61). Meanwhile, factors that showed negative association with major depression were: providing sexual services at client’s place (aOR=0.46, 95%CI: 0.24-0.91), using modern family planning method (aOR=0.47, 95%CI: 0.25-0.87), and daily intake of alcohol (aOR=0.50, 95%CI: 0.28-0.88).Conclusion: The findings underscore the high prevalence of major depression among female sex workers driven by psychological stress, living with HIV/AIDs, being verbally abused by clients and being 30+years of age. The high prevalence of major depression has important public health ramifications at individual and societal levels and requires urgent attention of all stakeholders.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with major depression among female sex workers in post-conflict Gulu district: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simple Ouma ◽  
Nazarius Mbona Tumwesigye ◽  
Rawlance Ndejjo ◽  
Catherine Abbo
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Gulu District ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background Female sex workers operating in conflict-affected settings could be at a much greater risk of major depression. However, the epidemiology of major depression in this population remains understudied. We aimed to determine the prevalence and the factors associated with major depression among FSWs in the post-conflict Gulu district in Northern Uganda. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study among 300 randomly selected adult female sex workers in Gulu. We utilized a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire, embedded with MINI 7.0.0, to gather information from each participant through face-to-face interviews. We collected data on socio-demographic characteristics, sex-work-related characteristics, alcohol and drug use, HIV status, and major depression. Then, data were entered into EPI INFO 7 and analyzed using logistic regression with the aid of STATA 14.0. Results The mean age (SD) of the study participants was 26.4 (± 6) years, 57.7% attained primary education, 51.7% never married, and 42.1% were living with HIV. The prevalence of major depression among FSWs in the district was 47.7%. In addition, the majority of the FSWs with major depression (91.0%) had either severe (50.4%) or moderate (40.6%) depressive symptoms. Independently, life stress (adjusted OR = 10.8, 95%CI: 5.67–20.57), living with HIV (adjusted OR = 2.25, 95%CI: 1.25–4.05), verbal abuse (adjusted OR = 2.27, 95%CI: 1.27–4.08), and older age (adjusted OR = 1.06, 95%CI: 1.01–1.12) all showed positive associations with major depression. Conversely, provision of sexual services from clients’ homes (adjusted OR = 0.50, 95%CI: 0.25–0.97), use of a non-barrier modern family planning method (adjusted OR = 0.44, 95%CI: 0.24–0.82), and daily intake of alcohol (adjusted OR = 0.50, 95%CI: 0.28–0.88) all showed negative associations with major depression. Conclusions There is a high prevalence of major depression among female sex workers in post-conflict Gulu. The high prevalence of major depression underscores the need for government and development partners to urgently and adequately address the mental health needs of female sex workers.

scholarly journals Treponema pallidum among Female Sex Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study Conducted in Three Major Cities in Northern Brazil

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 923
Author(s):  
Luiz Fernando Almeida Machado ◽  
Jacqueline Cortinhas Monteiro ◽  
Leonardo Quintão Siravenha ◽  
Marcelo Pereira Mota ◽  
Marlinda de Carvalho Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Northern Brazil

Female sex workers (FSWs) are an important group of people vulnerable to sexually transmitted infections. Northern Brazil is a rural and socioeconomically underdeveloped region, with lack of epidemiological information on syphilis in key populations. This study investigated the prevalence and factors associated with exposure to Treponema pallidum among FSWs in three major cities in northern Brazil. This cross-sectional study was conducted with a convenience sample of 415 FSWs from the cities of Belém, Macapá, and Rio Branco. Blood samples and personal data were collected from January 2009 to August 2010. Rapid plasma reagin and immunoenzymatic assays were used to detect antibodies against T. pallidum. Logistic regression models were used to determine factors associated with exposure to T. pallidum. In total, 36.1% were exposed to T. pallidum, and 15.7% had active syphilis. Sexual risk behaviors, use of illicit drugs, low education, and reduced monthly income were associated with exposure to T. pallidum. The high rate of exposure to T. pallidum indicates the urgent need for measures to identify, treat, and prevent syphilis and an education program for the valuation, care, and social inclusion of FSWs in northern Brazil.

scholarly journals Relationship between mobility, violence and major depression among female sex workers: a cross-sectional study in southern India

BMJ Open ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. e011439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangram Kishor Patel ◽  
Deepika Ganju ◽  
Parimi Prabhakar ◽  
Rajatashuvra Adhikary
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southern India ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Sex

scholarly journals Sustained virological response and drug resistance among female sex workers living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in Kampala, Uganda: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 405-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gertrude Namale ◽  
Onesmus Kamacooko ◽  
Daniel Bagiire ◽  
Yunia Mayanja ◽  
Andrew Abaasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Virological Failure ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Cd4 T Cell Count

ObjectivesWe assessed the prevalence and risk factors associated with virological failure among female sex workers living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Kampala, Uganda.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study between January 2015 and December 2016 using routinely collected data at a research clinic providing services to women at high risk of STIs including HIV. Plasma samples were tested for viral load from HIV-seropositive women aged ≥18 years who had been on ART for at least 6 months and had received adherence counselling. Samples from women with virological failure (≥1000 copies/mL) were tested for HIV drug resistance by population-based sequencing. We used logistic regression to identify factors associated with virological failure.ResultsOf 584 women, 432 (74%) with a mean age of 32 (SD 6.5) were assessed, and 38 (9%) were found to have virological failure. HIV resistance testing was available for 78% (28/38), of whom 82.1% (23/28) had at least one major drug resistance mutation (DRM), most frequently M184V (70%, 16/23) and K103N (65%, 15/23). In multivariable analysis, virological failure was associated with participant age 18–24 (adjusted OR (aOR)=5.3, 95% CI 1.6 to 17.9), self-reported ART non-adherence (aOR=2.6, 95% CI 1.2 to 5.8) and baseline CD4+ T-cell count ≤350 cells/mm3 (aOR=3.1, 95% CI 1.4 to 7.0).ConclusionsA relatively low prevalence of virological failure but high rate of DRM was found in this population at high risk of transmission. Younger age, self-reported ART non-adherence and low CD4+ T-cell count on ART initiation were associated with increased risk of virological failure.

scholarly journals Association between treatment for gonorrhoea and chlamydia and lower condom use in a cross-sectional study of female sex workers in southern India

BMJ Open ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. e009774
Author(s):  
Marianne Legendre-Dugal ◽  
Janet Bradley ◽  
Subramanian Potty Rajaram ◽  
Catherine M Lowndes ◽  
Banadakoppa M Ramesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southern India ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Sex

scholarly journals The Risk Factors Analysis Occurrence of Chlamydia Infection to Direct Female Seks Workers (DFSW) in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 01024
Author(s):  
Masayu Gemala Rabiah ◽  
Rini Mutahar ◽  
Rico Januar Sitorus
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chlamydia Infection ◽  
Female Sex Worker ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sex Worker ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
The Government

Chlamydia infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide. Based on data of IBBS 2015 in Indonesia, the highest prevalence of chlamydia occurred in direct female sex worker group (32.21%). This study a STIs to determine the risk factors for chlamydia infection in direct sex workers. This research uses Cross-Sectional study design. The population of this study were all direct female sex workers as many as 3,789 people with samples in accordance with inclusion and exclusion criteria as many as 3.114 people. The prevalence of direct female sex workers with chlamydia infection was 1.018 (32.4%). The result of the analysis showed that there was a relationship between age (PR: 0.541 95% CI: 0.456-0.643) and length of work as FDSW (PR: 1,.60, 95% CI: 1.087-1.512) chlamydia infection in female sex workers in Indonesia. most dominant variable has an effect on the incidence of chlamydia infection that is long working as FDSW after controlled by age (PR 1.282 95% CI: 1.087-1,.12). It is expected for the government to improve the implementation of prevention program of chlamydia not only among female sex worker but also proactive to customer.

scholarly journals HIV prevalence among female sex workers in Guigang City, Guangxi, China: an 8-year consecutive cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingzhen Lai ◽  
Chunwei Qin ◽  
Eric J. Nehl ◽  
Junjun Jiang ◽  
Yunxuan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Sex

scholarly journals HIV testing behaviour and HIV prevalence among female sex workers in Ukraine: findings from an Integrated Bio-Behavioural Survey, 2013–2014

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Tokar ◽  
Iana Sazonova ◽  
Sharmistha Mishra ◽  
Pavlo Smyrnov ◽  
Tetiana Saliuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Sex Work ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Sexual Partner ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Test Result

ObjectivesUkraine has one of the largest HIV epidemics in Europe, with high prevalence among female sex workers (FSWs). We aimed to identify factors associated with HIV testing and receipt of the test result in the last 12 months, HIV prevalence and self-reported positive status among FSWs in Ukraine.MethodsWe used data from an Integrated Bio-Behavioural Survey among FSWs conducted in 2013–2014. The survey methodology combined three sampling strategies: time and location sampling, respondent-driven sampling and key informant recruitment. We used multivariable regression to identify factors associated with self-reported HIV testing in the last 12 months, HIV prevalence and self-reported positive status among FSWs living with HIV. Explored factors included: age, age at first sex, age at entry into sex work, education, marital status, employment status beside sex work, condom use with last paying or non-paying sexual partner, drug or alcohol consumption and sex work venue.ResultsRecent HIV testing was low overall with only 63.2% of FSWs reported having tested and received their test result in the last 12 months prior to the survey. HIV prevalence was 7.1% overall, but only 45.0% of FSWs living with HIV were aware of their HIV status. Testing in the last 12 months with receipt of test result was less common among FSWs who used drugs ever in life (adjusted OR (AOR) 0.7, 95% CI 0.6 to 0.9), women soliciting clients indoors (AOR 0.8, 95% CI 0.7 to 0.9) and those not using a condom with last paying sexual partner (AOR 0.3, 95% CI 0.2 to 0.5). HIV positivity was associated with history of ever using drugs (AOR 2.3, 95% CI 1.4 to 3.6) and soliciting clients outdoors (AOR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.0). Women working indoors were less aware of their positive status (AOR 0.1, 95% CI 0.1 to 0.9).ConclusionHIV prevalence is high among FSWs in Ukraine, and testing and knowledge of one’s status remain insufficient. HIV testing programmes need to expand with strategies to reach specific subgroups of FSWs.

Prevalence and risk of HIV infection among female sex workers in Burkina Faso

1998 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salif Lankoande Nicolas ◽  
Meda Lassana Sangare ◽  
Issaka P Compaore ◽  
Joseph Catraye ◽  
Paul T Sanou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Bobo Dioulasso

Summary: Little information is available regarding human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among female sex workers (FSW) in Burkina Faso, West Africa. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Ouagadougou and Bobo-Dioulasso, the 2 largest cities of the country, to determine the prevalence of HIV infection and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among FSWs, and to investigate the factors which were associated with HIV infection in this population. From October to November 1994, 426 FSWs were recruited. The method of anonymous and unlinked HIV screening recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) was used. The overall HIV seroprevalence was 58.2% (95% confidence interval: 53.4-62.9) and 52.6% of FSWs had at least one STD agent. The most common STDs were trichomoniasis (23%), syphilis (15%) and gonorrhoea (13%). In a logistic regression analysis, risk factors for HIV infection were high gravidity ( 2 pregnancies), low perception of personal risk of HIV infection, syphilis and the presence of genital warts. These results suggest that FSWs in Burkina Faso need better information about HIV transmission and prevention and then need better access to STD detection and management services.

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