scholarly journals Mother-child HIV-1 transmission in the departments of Mono and Couffo in Benin: incidence and associated factors in 2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hornel Koudokpon ◽  
Victorien Dougnon ◽  
Sètondji Islamiath Kissira ◽  
Jean-Pierre Gnimatin ◽  
Alida Oussou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract Background: Despite worldwide success of introducing HIV testing and treatment with antiretroviral drugs, HIV remains a real public health problem. Vertical mother-child transmission is a form responsible for many cases of new infections. This study was therefore carried out in order to reduce the prevalence of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in the departments of Mono and Couffo. Method: For this purpose, a total of 374 dry blood spots (DBS) were collected from infants born to HIV-positive mothers during the year 2019, and these DBS were used for the molecular diagnosis of HIV1 in these infants. Information on the type of treatment, the type of diet of infants was also collected. The viral loads of the mothers before delivery were determined after the last antenatal visits. To do so, a venous blood sample was taken from an EDTA tube. These different samples were used for DNA extraction. The early diagnosis of these infants as well as the determination of the viral load were carried out by RT-PCR using the Roche automated system. The results were analyzed with the chi-square test on the SPSS software. Result: The results showed that 51% of the newborns included in the study were male and the vast majority of the newborns were in the 0-6 month age group. 93.41% of the newborns included in this study were tested negative for early detection by RT-PCR. Significant links were observed between the early diagnosis of newborns and the mother's mode of feeding, the PMTCT protocol, and the viral load of the mothers. Monoprophylaxis was predominant in the newborn PMTCT protocol (96.28%). Conclusion: The national program for the prevention of vertical transmission of HIV from mother to child deserves to be continued and strengthened with the objective of zero newborns infected at birth in the departments of Mono and Couffo.

Antiretroviral Therapy in Pregnant Women

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Short ◽  
Jason J. Schafer
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
Virologic Suppression ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Virologic Control ◽  
Treatment Changes ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Pregnancy Registry

Research has demonstrated that proper prevention strategies and interventions during pregnancy, labor, and delivery can significantly reduce the rate of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) should be initiated in all HIV-infected pregnant women regardless of CD4+ T cell count or HIV-1 RNA level. ARVs should be given in combination therapy, similar to nonpregnant patients, with the goal of complete virologic suppression. Treatment changes during pregnancy have been associated with the loss of virologic control and independently associated with mother-to-child transmission. All cases of prenatal antiretroviral exposure should be reported to the Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry, which collects data on HIV-infected pregnant women taking ARVs with the goal of detecting any major teratogenic effects.

scholarly journals Early diagnosis of HIV-1 infection in newborns, in the context of prevention of mother-to-child transmission with HAART (Perinatal Cohort ANRS Co 01)

Retrovirology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. O24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Avettand-Fénoël ◽  
Marie-Laure Chaix ◽  
Stéphane Blanche ◽  
Marianne Burgard ◽  
Josiane Warszawski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Determinants of mother to child transmission of HIV among HIV exposed infants managed in Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4413
Author(s):  
Hassan Mairo ◽  
Panti A. A. ◽  
Tunau K. A. ◽  
Nasir S. ◽  
Burodo A. T. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Health System ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Hiv Exposed Infants ◽  
Hiv Exposed ◽  
Mother To Child

Background: Mother to child transmission of HIV (MTCT) is globally known to be the major route of spread of HIV to the unborn fetus and neonate. Many factors related to the mother, infant or the type of HIV virus interplay to increase the risk of MTCT of the virus. Antepartum antiretroviral drugs administration reduces the maternal viral load therefore lowering   the risk of transmission. The objective is to determine infection rate and assess determinants of MTCT of HIV exposed infants delivered in UDUTH Sokoto.Methods: It was a 5-year retrospective study. Records of all HIV positive pregnant women and their babies managed in UDUTH were reviewed from the E health system of the hospital. Patient’s details were recorded from booking to delivery for the period under study. The infant’s records were retrieved and information from delivery to 18 months post-delivery obtained. Structured data collection tool was developed to compile the required information. Data was analyzed using SPSS IBMS 22. Descriptive statistics and comparisons between variables were made statistically using Chi square. P value of   ≤ 0.005 was considered as significant.Results: Records of all the patients recruited were all available for evaluation because authors use the E-health system of records keeping in our hospital. MTCT rate was 0.92%. Majority 60 (47.2%) were within age group 26-30yrs. The subjects were predominantly house wives 97(71.4%) and multipara 77 (60.6%). Viral load ranged between 112 to 28228 copies/ml. Twenty-two (17.3%) had CD4 count less than 250 cells/µl while 61 (48%) had counts above 500cells/µl. All were in WHO clinical stage 1-3. All were on triple regimen anti-retroviral drugs. Spontaneous rupture of membranes for over 4 hours occurred in 51(32%). Vaginal delivery was recorded in 89.7%. Breast feeding was practiced by 48%.Conclusions: Breast-feeding still remains a risk factor for MTCT OF HIV Early administration of   maternal antiretroviral drugs significantly reduces the rate of mother to child transmission of HIV.

Maternal plasma viral load, zidovudine and mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Africa: DITRAME ANRS 049a trial

AIDS ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valériane Leroy ◽  
Crépin Montcho ◽  
Olivier Manigart ◽  
Philippe Van de Perre ◽  
François Dabis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Plasma Viral Load ◽  
Maternal Plasma ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Hiv 1
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