scholarly journals New Insights Into the Introgression Between Agropyron Cristatum P Genome and Wheat Genome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Zhang ◽  
Shenghui Zhou ◽  
Weihua Liu ◽  
Liqiang Song ◽  
Jinpeng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Wheat Genome ◽  
Agropyron Cristatum ◽  
Translocation Line ◽  
Gene Markers ◽  
Physiological Races

Abstract Agropyron cristatum (2n = 4x = 28, PPPP) is an important wild relative of common wheat and confers desirable agronomic traits to common wheat. A previous report showed that the wheat-A. cristatum 6P translocation line WAT655 carrying A. cristatum 6PS (0.81–1.00) exhibited high resistance to prevalent physiological races (CYR32 and CYR33). In this study, three disease resistance-related transcriptomes, which were mapped to A. cristatum 6PS (0.81–1.00) through the analysis of specific molecular markers, were searched from among A. cristatum full-length transcriptomes. Then, three disease resistance-related gene markers, A. cristatum P genome-specific markers, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)/genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) probes made from the DNA of three bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones, three genes, and A. cristatum “Z559” were used to analyze the BC5F2 and BC5F2:3 genetic populations of the translocation line WAT655. The results revealed the introgression can spontaneously occur between A. cristatum P genome and wheat genome, and indicated the three genes could constitute a gene cluster according to the positions of their FISH signals. Additionally, kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers of the three genes were developed to detect and acquire 24 wheat-A. cristatum breeding materials, which showed resistance to physiological races (CYR32 and CYR33) and other desirable agronomic traits according to the field investigation. In conclusion, our study not only provides new insights into the introgression between A. cristatum P genome and wheat genome, but also provides the desirable breeding materials for breeding practice.

scholarly journals Molecular Cytogenetic Analysis of the Introgression between Agropyroncristatum P Genome and Wheat Genome

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (20) ◽  
pp. 11208
Author(s):  
Zhi Zhang ◽  
Shenghui Zhou ◽  
Weihua Liu ◽  
Liqiang Song ◽  
Jinpeng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Wheat Genome ◽  
Translocation Line ◽  
Distant Hybridization ◽  
Gene Markers ◽  
Physiological Races

Agropyroncristatum (2n = 4x = 28, PPPP) is an important wild relative of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L., 2n = 6x = 42). A previous report showed that the wheat-A. cristatum 6P translocation line WAT655 carrying A. cristatum 6PS (0.81–1.00) exhibited high resistance to prevalent physiological races of stripe rust (CYR32 and CYR33). In this study, three disease resistance-related transcripts, which were mapped to A. cristatum 6PS (0.81–1.00) through the analysis of specific molecular markers, were acquired from among A. cristatum full-length transcripts. The BC5F2 and BC5F2:3 genetic populations of the translocation line WAT655 were analyzed by using three disease resistance-related gene markers, A. cristatum P genome-specific markers, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The results revealed that the introgression between A. cristatum P genome and wheat genome was observed in progenies of the genetic populations of the translocation line WAT655 and the physical positions of the three genes were considerably adjacent on A. cristatum 6PS (0.81–1.00) according to the FISH results. Additionally, kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers of the three genes were developed to detect and acquire 24 breeding lines selected from the progenies of the distant hybridization of wheat and A. cristatum, which showed resistance to physiological races of stripe rust (CYR32 and CYR33) and other desirable agronomic traits according to the field investigation. In conclusion, this study not only provides new insights into the introgression between A. cristatum P genome and wheat genome but also provides the desirable germplasms for breeding practice.

scholarly journals Characterization and Evaluation of Resistance to Powdery Mildew of Wheat–Aegilops geniculata Roth 7Mg (7A) Alien Disomic Substitution Line W16998

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1861
Author(s):  
Yajuan Wang ◽  
Deyu Long ◽  
Yanzhen Wang ◽  
Changyou Wang ◽  
Xinlun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Substitution Line ◽  
Aegilops Geniculata ◽  
The Common ◽  
Sequential Fish

Aegilops geniculata Roth has been used as a donor of disease-resistance genes, to enrich the gene pool for wheat (Triticum aestivum) improvement through distant hybridization. In this study, the wheat–Ae. geniculata alien disomic substitution line W16998 was obtained from the BC1F8 progeny of a cross between the common wheat ‘Chinese Spring’ (CS) and Ae. geniculata Roth (serial number: SY159//CS). This line was identified using cytogenetic techniques, analysis of genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), functional molecular markers (Expressed sequence tag-sequence-tagged site (EST–STS) and PCR-based landmark unique gene (PLUG), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), sequential fluorescence in situ hybridization–genomic in situ hybridization (sequential FISH–GISH), and assessment of agronomic traits and powdery mildew resistance. During the anaphase of meiosis, these were evenly distributed on both sides of the equatorial plate, and they exhibited high cytological stability during the meiotic metaphase and anaphase. GISH analysis indicated that W16998 contained a pair of Ae. geniculata alien chromosomes and 40 common wheat chromosomes. One EST–STS marker and seven PLUG marker results showed that the introduced chromosomes of Ae. geniculata belonged to homoeologous group 7. Nullisomic–tetrasomic analyses suggested that the common wheat chromosome, 7A, was absent in W16998. FISH and sequential FISH–GISH analyses confirmed that the introduced Ae. geniculata chromosome was 7Mg. Therefore, W16998 was a wheat–Ae. geniculata 7Mg (7A) alien disomic substitution line. Inoculation of isolate E09 (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici) in the seedling stage showed that SY159 and W16998 were resistant to powdery mildew, indeed nearly immune, whereas CS was highly susceptible. Compared to CS, W16998 exhibited increased grain weight and more spikelets, and a greater number of superior agronomic traits. Consequently, W16998 was potentially useful. Germplasms transfer new disease-resistance genes and prominent agronomic traits into common wheat, giving the latter some fine properties for breeding.

scholarly journals Molecular cytogenetic identification of a wheat–rye 1R addition line with multiple spikelets and resistance to powdery mildew

Genome ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wujuan Yang ◽  
Changyou Wang ◽  
Chunhuan Chen ◽  
Yajuan Wang ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Wheat Chromosome ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Addition Line ◽  
Disease Resistance Screening ◽  
High Level

Alien addition lines are important for transferring useful genes from alien species into common wheat. Rye is an important and valuable gene resource for improving wheat disease resistance, yield, and environment adaptation. A new wheat–rye addition line, N9436B, was developed from the progeny of the cross of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L., 2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD) cultivar Shaanmai 611 and rye (Secale cereal L., 2n = 2x = 14, RR) accession Austrian rye. We characterized this new line by cytology, genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), molecular markers, and disease resistance screening. N9436B was stable in morphology and cytology, with a chromosome composition of 2n = 42 + 2t = 22II. GISH investigations showed that this line contained two rye chromosomes. GISH, FISH, and molecular maker identification suggested that the introduced R chromosome and the missing wheat chromosome arms were 1R chromosome and 2DL chromosome arm, respectively. N9436B exhibited 30–37 spikelets per spike and a high level of resistance to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, Bgt) isolate E09 at the seedling stage. N9436B was cytologically stable, had the trait of multiple spikelets, and was resistant to powdery mildew; this line should thus be useful in wheat improvement.

scholarly journals The Polymorphisms of Oligonucleotide Probes in Wheat Cultivars Determined by ND-FISH

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianheng Ren ◽  
Maojie He ◽  
Zixin Sun ◽  
Feiquan Tan ◽  
Peigao Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Wheat Genome ◽  
Oligonucleotide Probes ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Fish Signal

Non-denaturing fluorescence in situ hybridization (ND-FISH) has been used to distinguish wheat chromosomes and to detect alien chromosomes in the wheat genome. In this study, five different oligonucleotide probes were used with ND-FISH to examine 21 wheat cultivars and lines. These oligonucleotide probes distinguished 42 wheat chromosomes and also detected rye chromatin in the wheat genome. Moreover, the signal patterns of the oligonucleotide probes Oligo-pTa535-1 and Oligo-pSc119.2-1 showed high polymorphism in the wheat chromosomes. A total of 17.6% of the A group chromosomes, 25.9% of the B group chromosomes and 8.9% of the D group chromosomes showed obvious mutations when they were compared to the standard ND-FISH signal patterns, and most of them were Oligo-pSc119.2-1 mutants. The results suggested that these polymorphisms could be induced by the crossing of wheat cultivars. The results provided more information for the further application of oligonucleotide probes and ND-FISH.

scholarly journals A 1BL/1RS translocation contributing to kernel length increase in three wheat recombinant inbred line populations

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Shui Qin Li ◽  
Hua Ping Tang ◽  
Han Zhang ◽  
Yang Mu ◽  
Xiu Jin Lan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Line ◽  
Recombinant Inbred ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Translocation Line ◽  
Wheat Kernel ◽  
Kernel Length

The 1BL/1RS wheat-rye translocation has been widely utilized in wheat genetic improvement and breeding programs. Our understanding on the effects of the 1BL/1RS translocation on wheat kernel size (e.g. length and width) is limited despite of numerous studies reporting about the effects on kernel weight. Here, we identified a wheat 1BL/1RS translocation line 88-1643 with higher kernel length (KL) using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and molecular markers. To detect the possible role of the 1BL/1RS translocation in KL, kernel width (KW), and thousand-kernel weight (TKW), three recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations were constructed by crossing 88-1643 and three other wheat lines. As expected, the results showed that the values of KL in lines carrying 1RS were significantly higher than those carrying 1BS in three RIL populations at multiple environments, indicating that a major and stably expressed allele or gene responsible for increasing KL is most likely located on 1RS from 88-1643. Additionally, in one RIL population, the increased KL contributed significantly to the increase in TKW. Collectively, the 1BL/1RS translocation reported here is of interest to reveal molecular mechanism of the gene controlling KL and will be useful for improving wheat yield.

scholarly journals Molecular Cytogenetic Characterization of a New T2BL·1RS Wheat-Rye Chromosome Translocation Line Resistant to Stripe Rust and Powdery Mildew

Plant Disease ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunmei Wang ◽  
Qi Zheng ◽  
Lihui Li ◽  
Yongchun Niu ◽  
Haibo Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Expressed Sequence Tag ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Translocation Line ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
New Genotype

Wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes with rye (Secale cereale) 1RS chromosomal translocations are widely used in wheat breeding programs because 1RS carries genes for resistance to several diseases. However, some of the pathogens have evolved into new races that overcome the resistance due to extensive use of cultivars with the resistance genes from rye. Therefore, identification and deployment of new resistance sources with desirable agronomic characteristics are important and urgent. We have used winter rye cultivar German White as a source of genes for desirable traits in wheat improvement. A new genotype named WR04-32 was produced through hybridization and chromosome manipulation between common winter wheat cultivar Xiaoyan 6 and German White. This genotype was highly resistant to a wide spectrum of the wheat stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) and powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici) pathotypes prevalent in China. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) result using EST-STS (expressed sequence tag-site tagged sequence) marker STSWE126 specific to 1RS confirmed 1RS in WR04-32, and it was further proved to be a wheat-rye T2BL·1RS translocation line using sequential genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with probes pAs1 and pSc119.2 (or pHvG38). In addition to its resistance to stripe rust and powdery mildew, WR04-32 was genetically stable and had desirable agronomic traits, making it a desirable germplasm for wheat breeding.

The genome composition of hexaploid Psammopyrum athericum and octoploid Psammopyrum pungens (Poaceae: Triticeae)

Genome ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pernilla Ellneskog-Staam ◽  
Björn Salomon ◽  
Roland von Bothmer ◽  
Kesara Anamthawat-Jónsson
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Genome Analysis ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Agropyron Cristatum ◽  
Genome Composition ◽  
Genomic Constitution ◽  
Hybridization Pattern ◽  
Genomic Probe

The genomic constitution of two species in the genus Psammopyrum, i.e., Ps. athericum (2n = 6x = 42) and Ps. pungens (2n = 8x = 56), was studied by genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). In Ps. athericum, one diploid chromosome set hybridized to a genomic probe from Pseudoroegneria ferganensis (St genome), one diploid set to a probe from Agropyron cristatum (P genome), and one diploid set to a probe from Thinopyrum junceiforme (EbEe genomes) or Th. bessarabicum (Eb genome). Substituting the St-genome probe with an L-genome probe from Festucopsis serpentinii resulted in exactly the same hybridization pattern, suggesting a genomic constitution of EStP or ELP for Ps. athericum. The same probes used on Ps. pungens showed two diploid sets of chromosomes hybridizing to the St-genome probe, one diploid set hybridizing to the P-genome probe, and one diploid set hybridizing to the EbEe-genome probe. The L-genome probe hybridized to approximately 14 of the chromosomes that were labeled by the St-genome probe. Hence the genomic constitution for Ps. pungens is proposed to be EStStP or EStLP.Key Words: Psammopyrum athericum, Psammopyrum pungens, in situ hybridization, Elytrigia pycnantha, Elytrigia pungens, genome analysis.

Identification of introgressed segments conferring disease resistance in a tetrageneric hybrid of Triticum, Secale, Thinopyrum, and Avena

Genome ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunxue Tang ◽  
Jiajun Zhuang ◽  
Yuxiang Wen ◽  
Shanjiang Abydylla Ai ◽  
Hongjie Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Wide Hybridization ◽  
Thinopyrum Intermedium

Using genomic in situ hybridization to chromosomes, we identified introgressed segments in a tetrageneric hybrid of Triticum, Avena, Thinopyrum, and Secale, which conferred high resistance to leaf rust, stem rust, stripe rust, powdery mildew, and root rot to wheat. The disease-resistance traits of the hybrid originated from three wild related genera of Triticum, namely Avena, Thinopyrum, and Secale. The new breeding system that combined traditional wide hybridization with anther culture was efficient and rapid in creating wheat germplasms resistant to major diseases.Key words: Triticum aestivum, Avena fatua, Thinopyrum intermedium, Secale cereale, wide hybridization, anther culture, genomic in situ hybridization, GISH.

Characterization of a new 4BS.7HL wheat–barley translocation line using GISH, FISH, and SSR markers and its effect on the β-glucan content of wheat

Genome ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 795-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cseh ◽  
K. Kruppa ◽  
I. Molnár ◽  
M. Rakszegi ◽  
J. Doležel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Centromeric Region ◽  
Barley Chromosome ◽  
Translocation Chromosome ◽  
Translocation Line ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Addition Line

A spontaneous interspecific Robertsonian translocation was revealed by genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) in the progenies of a monosomic 7H addition line originating from a new wheat ‘Asakaze komugi’ × barley ‘Manas’ hybrid. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with repetitive DNA sequences (Afa family, pSc119.2, and pTa71) allowed identification of all wheat chromosomes, including wheat chromosome arm 4BS involved in the translocation. FISH using barley telomere- and centromere-specific repetitive DNA probes (HvT01 and (AGGGAG)n) confirmed that one of the arms of barley chromosome 7H was involved in the translocation. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers specific to the long (L) and short (S) arms of barley chromosome 7H identified the translocated chromosome segment as 7HL. Further analysis of the translocation chromosome clarified the physical position of genetically mapped SSRs within 7H, with a special focus on its centromeric region. The presence of the HvCslF6 gene, responsible for (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan production, was revealed in the centromeric region of 7HL. An increased (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan level was also detected in the translocation line, demonstrating that the HvCslF6 gene is of potential relevance for the manipulation of wheat (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan levels.

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