scholarly journals Accuracy of Integration of Dental Cast and Cephalograms Compared with Cone-Beam Computed Tomography: A Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanfan Dai ◽  
Si Chen ◽  
Tingting Feng ◽  
Gui Chen ◽  
Jiuhui Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
T Test ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Angular Measurements ◽  
Dental Cast

Abstract Background: This study proposes a method that integrates maxillary dental cast and cephalograms and evaluates its accuracy compared with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. Methods: The study sample comprised 20 adult patients with records of dental casts, cephalograms, and craniofacial CBCT scans. The maxillary dental cast was integrated with lateral and frontal cephalograms based on best-fit registration of palatal and dental outline curves from dental cast with cephalogram tracings. Linear measurement was conducted to assess the intra- and inter-examiner reproducibility of the proposed intergration method using intraclass correlation coefficients; linear and angular measurements were conducted to assess its accuracy with CBCT scans as a standard reference. Paired t test, one sample t test, and mean ± standard deviation of the absolute value of difference were used to compare the integrated images and CBCT.Results: The integration method showed good intra- and inter-examiner reproducibility (intraclass correlation coefficients >0.98). The differences in linear and angular measurements between the integrated images and CBCT were not statistically significant but with a large deviation. When absolute value of difference was computed, the linear distance error was 0.51 ± 0.34 mm, the tooth point coordinate errors in X, Y and Z axis were 0.22 ± 0.22, 0.38 ± 0.32 and 0.21 ± 0.21mm respectively; the angular error in pitch, roll and yaw of the dental cast was 0.82 ± 0.51, 0.92 ± 0.59 and 0.80 ± 0.41 degree respectively. Conclusions: The proposed method for integration of dental cast and cephalograms showed good reproducibility and acceptable accuracy compared with CBCT. It could be helpful for researchers to study three-dimensional tooth growth changes using the existing craniofacial growth data especially cephalograms.

scholarly journals Palatal volume and area assessment on digital casts generated from cone-beam computed tomography scans

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shereef Shahen ◽  
Gennaro Carrino ◽  
Rossella Carrino ◽  
Reham Abdelsalam ◽  
Carlos Flores-Mir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Observer Agreement ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
P Value ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Reproducible Method

ABSTRACT Objectives: The objective of this study was to develop a reproducible method to measure the change of palatal volume and area through superimposition using maxillary expansion digital cast models. Materials and Methods: A total of 10 pre- and 10 postexpansion dental cast models were scanned by the same cone-beam computed tomography machine. Superimposition was performed using a fully automated surface-best fit of the palatal surfaces on the digital cast models. A gingival plane, identified only once on superimposed casts, and a distal plane with the lateral closing border and the palatal surface were used to localize this selection of air. Area and volume were calculated for pre- and postexpansion records. Pre- and postexpansion palatal volume and area were measured by the main investigator and three different observers for inter- and intra-observer reproducibility assessment. Results: The level of intra- and inter-observer agreement was very strong (intraclass correlation coefficients ≥ 0.953; P value < .0001) for all measurements. Conclusions: Palatal volume and area measurements based on the proposed superimposition are reproducible and can be used reliably.

scholarly journals The Validity of In Vivo Tooth Volume Determinations From Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

2010 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Liu ◽  
Raphael Olszewski ◽  
Emanuel Stefan Alexandroni ◽  
Reyes Enciso ◽  
Tianmin Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Interobserver Reliability ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Volumetric Analysis ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Water Displacement

Abstract Objective: To determine the accuracy of volumetric analysis of teeth in vivo using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: The physical volume (Vw) of 24 bicuspids extracted for orthodontic purposes (16 were imaged with the I-CAT and 8 with the CB MercuRay) were determined using the water displacement technique. Corresponding pretreatment CBCT image data were uploaded into Amira 4.0 for segmentation and radiographic volume (Va). All measurements were performed twice by two observers. The statistical difference between Vw and Va was assessed using a paired t-test. The intraobserver and interobserver reliability were determined by calculating Pearson correlation coefficients and intraclass correlation coefficients. Results: The overall mean Vw of teeth specimens was 0.553 ± 0.082 cm3, while the overall mean Va was 0.548 ± 0.079 cm3 (0.529 ± 0.078 cm3 for observer 1 and 0.567 ± 0.085 cm3 for observer 2). There were statistically significant differences between Va and Vw (P < .05). Between observer 1 and observer 2, Va measurements were statistically significantly different (P < .05). The interobserver and intraobserver correlation coefficient for Vw was high. Lastly, surface smoothing reduced the volume by 3% to 12%. Conclusions: In vivo determination of tooth volumes from CBCT data is feasible. The measurements slightly deviate from the physical volumes within −4% to 7%. Smoothing operations reduce volume measurements. Currently, no requirements for accuracy of volumetric determinations of tooth volume have been established.

scholarly journals A comparison of voxel- and surface-based cone-beam computed tomography mandibular superimposition in adult orthodontic patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 030006052098270
Author(s):  
Gaofeng Han ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Shuo Wang ◽  
Linchuan Wang ◽  
Yanheng Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Basal Bone ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Time Required

Objective To evaluate the accuracy, reliability, and efficiency of voxel- and surface-based registrations for cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) mandibular superimposition in adult orthodontic patients. Methods Pre- and post-orthodontic treatment CBCT scans of 27 adult patients were obtained. Voxel- and surface-based CBCT mandibular superimpositions were performed using the mandibular basal bone as a reference. The accuracy of the two methods was evaluated using the absolute mean distance measured. The time that was required to perform the measurements using these methods was also compared. Statistical differences were determined using paired t-tests, and inter-observer reliability was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Results The absolute mean distance on seven mandible surface areas between voxel- and surface-based registrations was similar but not significantly different. ICC values of the surface-based registration were 0.918 to 0.990, which were slightly lower than those of voxel-based registration that ranged from 0.984 to 0.996. The time required for voxel-based registration and surface-based registration was 44.6 ± 2.5 s and 252.3 ± 7.1 s, respectively. Conclusions Both methods are accurate and reliable and not significantly different from each other. However, voxel-based registration is more efficient than surface-based registration for CBCT mandibular superimposition.

scholarly journals Orientation of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Image: Pursuit of Perfect Orientation Plane in Three Dimensions—A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (04) ◽  
pp. 202-209
Author(s):  
Rajiv Balachandran ◽  
Om Prakash Kharbanda ◽  
Karthik Sennimalai ◽  
Bala Chakravarthy Neelapu
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Interobserver Reliability ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
T Test ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Intraobserver Agreement ◽  
Interobserver Error ◽  
Paired T Test

Abstract Objective This study aimed to evaluate the reproducibility of nine reference planes used in orientation of as-received cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images in all three dimensions. Materials and Methods The study was conducted on CBCT images of 15 adult subjects (mean age 21.2 ± 5.8 years). The anonymized CBCT images were oriented using five different methods created from nine reference planes by two experienced orthodontists. For each subject, pitch, yaw, and roll changes with five orientation methods were recorded twice by each observer. Statistical Analysis The inter- and intraobserver agreement was tested using intraclass correlation (ICC) and Bland–Altman plot. The intra- and interobserver error was analyzed using paired t-test. Analysis of variance and paired t-test were used to analyze the differences among the various pitch, roll, and yaw orientation planes. Results Inter- and intraobserver agreement (ICC, 0.9) was excellent for all the nine reference planes. The interobserver reliability showed statistically significant differences for four planes namely Frankfort horizontal plane constructed on right side (p = 0.014) and left side (p = 0.000), transorbital plane (p = 0.001), and midsagittal plane on top view (p = 0.036); however, the mean differences were clinically insignificant. Conclusion The landmark-based nine reference planes used in this study to orient CBCT images showed good reproducibility. Therefore, these reference planes can be used to orient CBCT images and can be incorporated into automated software.

3D Biometrics for Hindfoot Alignment Using Weightbearing Computed Tomography

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 720-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Zhong Zhang ◽  
François Lintz ◽  
Alessio Bernasconi ◽  
Shu Zhang ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Interobserver Reliability ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Hindfoot Alignment ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Prospective Comparative Study

Background: Weightbearing computed tomography (WBCT) is a useful tool for the assessment of hindfoot alignment (HA). Foot ankle offset (FAO) is a recently introduced parameter, determined from WBCT images using semiautomatic software. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical relevance and reproducibility of FAO for the evaluation of HA. Methods: A prospective comparative study was performed on consecutive patients requiring bilateral WBCT between September 2017 and April 2018. Based on the clinical assessment of HA, patients were divided into 3 groups: (1) normal alignment group (G1), (2) valgus (G2), and (3) varus (G3). FAO and long axial view (HACT) were measured on WBCT images, and the groups were compared. The reproducibility of FAO and HACT was determined through intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Regression analysis was performed to investigate the correlation between the 2 methods. Overall, 249 feet (126 patients) were included (G1 = 115, G2 = 78, and G3 = 56 feet). Results: The mean values for FAO and HACT were 1.2% ± 2.8% and 3.9 ± 3.1, respectively, in G1; 8.1% ± 3.7% and 9.7 ± 4.9 in G2; and −6.6% ± 4.8% and −8.2 ± 6.6 in G3. Intra- and interobserver reliability was 0.987 and 0.988 for FAO and 0.949 and 0.949 for HACT, respectively. There was a good linear correlation between HACT and FAO ( R2 = 0.744), with a regression slope of 1.064. Conclusions: WBCT was a useful method for the characterization of HA. FAO was reproducible and correlated well with physical examination. Level of Evidence: Level II, prospective comparative study.

Validation of the Talar–Second Metatarsal Angle as a Standard Measurement for Radiographic Evaluation

2011 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 475-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Graham ◽  
Avanthi Chikka ◽  
Paul C. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Radiographic Evaluation ◽  
Foot Deformities ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
First Metatarsal ◽  
Metatarsal Angle ◽  
Second Metatarsal ◽  
Angular Measurements

Background: Radiographs provide valuable information for assessing osseous foot deformities and aid in accurate diagnosis. The radiographic angular measurements can be used to establish a relationship between the forefoot and the hindfoot that will present valuable information about normal versus pathologic alignment of the foot. The talar–first metatarsal (T1M) angle is frequently used as one of these angles in this capacity; however, there are limitations to the anteroposterior T1M angle. We present a more consistent, reproducible, and accurate measurement for determining foot abnormalities in the transverse plane using the T2M angle instead of the T1M angle. Methods: Seventy feet in 35 participants (12 men and 23 women) were considered for this study. Individuals were selected on the basis of the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Anteroposterior radiographs were taken in the angle and base of gait, the neutral calcaneal stance position (NCSP), and the resting calcaneal stance position (RCSP). Three observers measured these angles using three different methods. Results: The mean ± SD T2M angle was 2.95° ± 7.16° in NCSP and 18.61° ± 7.21° in RCSP. No significant differences were found among the measurements made by the three observers using slightly varying procedures in NCSP and RCSP (P > .05). The intraclass correlation coefficients among the measurements were 0.905 in NCSP and 0.937 in RCSP. Bland-Altman plots showed very good agreement between the measurements made by the three observers. Conclusions: The anteroposterior T2M angle gives a consistent and reproducible measurement that provides accurate information about foot alignment. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 101(6): 475–483, 2011)

scholarly journals Cone-beam computed tomography for assessment of palatal displaced canine position: A methodological study

2013 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Naoumova ◽  
Heidrun Kjellberg ◽  
Reet Palm
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Vertical Position ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Precise Position ◽  
Angular Measurements ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Intraexaminer Reliability

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the inter- and intraexaminer reliability of a measurement method for evaluation of eruption angles and position of palatal displaced canines (PDCs) with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images and to test the validity of the measured angles on a dry skull. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients (eight boys, 12 girls; age 11.4 ± 1.2 years) were randomly chosen among 67 patients from a study evaluating the interceptive effect of extracting the deciduous canine in children with PDCs. In total, 60 images were analyzed, because each patient had three CBCT examinations (baseline, 6-month control, and endpoint). Two observers assessed the following measurements twice: mesioangular and sagittal angle, vertical position, canine cusp tip, and canine apex to dental arch. The validity of the angular measurements was tested against angular measurements on a dry skull using mathematical formulations. Results: The inter- and intraexaminer mean differences for angular and linear measurements were all low and statistically insignificant (P > .05). The mean differences between the physical and 3D measurements were 0.5 ± 0.39 mm for the sagittal angle and 0.22 ± 0.19 mm for the mesioangular angle. Conclusions: Linear and angular measurements on CBCT images are accurate and precise and can be used to assess the precise position of a PDC.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Consistency, Repeatability, and Reproducibility of Osteometric Data on Dry Bone Surfaces, Scanned Dry Bone Surfaces, and Scanned Bone Surfaces Obtained from Living Individuals

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 33-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Corron ◽  
F. Marchal ◽  
S. Condemi ◽  
K. Chaumoître ◽  
P. Adalian
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Lumbar Vertebrae ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Reconstructed Surfaces ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility ◽  
Dry Bone

Applying dry bone osteometrics to virtual bone surfaces obtained via medical imaging raises the question of consistency between the variables. Variables obtained from virtual bone surfaces also need to be sufficiently repeatable and reproducible to be valid for anthropological studies. This is also true for the landmarks defining these variables and for their acquisition. The consistency between variables taken directly from dry bones and from the virtual surfaces of dry bones was tested on 40 clavicles. 30 virtual surfaces of iliae, fifth lumbar vertebrae, and clavicles reconstructed from computed tomography scans of living individuals were used to test the repeatability and reproducibility of 16 landmarks and 19 variables. Statistical tests, graphical and quantitative error evaluations, and intraclass correlation coefficients were applied. The differences between all variables taken on dry and virtual clavicles were less than ±1 mm. Bland–Altman plots showed more than 95% reliability between variables obtained on dry bone and their virtually reconstructed surfaces, confirming their consistency and thus validating their use in osteometric studies independently of the medium of study. Although not all landmarks were repeatable and reproducible, most variables were. To assess intra- or inter-observer errors, graphical representations or coefficients are more precise and accurate than statistical tests. These two evaluation methods should be given priority to test the repeatability and reproducibility of osteometric variables.

scholarly journals Accuracy of laser-scanned models compared to plaster models and cone-beam computed tomography

2013 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jooseong Kim ◽  
Giseon Heo ◽  
Manuel O. Lagravère
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurements ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Plaster Models

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the accuracy of measurements obtained from the three-dimensional (3D) laser scans to those taken from the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans and those obtained from plaster models. Materials and Methods: Eighteen different measurements, encompassing mesiodistal width of teeth and both maxillary and mandibular arch length and width, were selected using various landmarks. CBCT scans and plaster models were prepared from 60 patients. Plaster models were scanned using the Ortho Insight 3D laser scanner, and the selected landmarks were measured using its software. CBCT scans were imported and analyzed using the Avizo software, and the 26 landmarks corresponding to the selected measurements were located and recorded. The plaster models were also measured using a digital caliper. Descriptive statistics and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used to analyze the data. Results: The ICC result showed that the values obtained by the three different methods were highly correlated in all measurements, all having correlations >0.808. When checking the differences between values and methods, the largest mean difference found was 0.59 mm ± 0.38 mm. Conclusions: In conclusion, plaster models, CBCT models, and laser-scanned models are three different diagnostic records, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. The present results showed that the laser-scanned models are highly accurate to plaster models and CBCT scans. This gives general clinicians an alternative to take into consideration the advantages of laser-scanned models over plaster models and CBCT reconstructions.

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