scholarly journals Can Paraspinal Muscle Degeneration Be a Reason for Refractures After Percutaneous Kyphoplasty? A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Observation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Zhao ◽  
Yan He ◽  
Jun-Song Yang ◽  
Wei Bao ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Paraspinal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Degeneration ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Paraspinal Muscles ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Mri Scan ◽  
Percutaneous Kyphoplasty

Abstract Background: Vertebral augmentation (VA) techniques are used to treat acute osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs). However, the incidence of recurrent vertebral fractures after VA is controversial. Various factors have been discussed in the literature, but no convincing study on the quality of paraspinal muscles has been reported. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the changes in paraspinal muscles and discuss the relationship between paraspinal muscle degeneration and vertebral refractures after percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP).Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in patients who underwent PKP for an initial OVCF between July 2017 and August 2018. Patients were followed up and categorized in the refractured or non-refractured group. A final magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan and a preoperative MRI scan were used to determine the measurements. The paraspinal muscles at the mid-height level of the initial fractured vertebral body were measured using regions of interest (ROIs), including the cross-sectional area (CSA) and signal intensity (SI). The changes in the observed data were compared between the groups using rank-sum tests.Results: Overall, 92 patients were enrolled in the study; 33 of them sustained vertebral refractures during the follow-up and the other 59 patients did not. There were no significant differences in terms of sex, age, preoperative bone mineral density, and body mass index between the groups (all, P>0.05). The refractured group had a significantly higher decrease in the ROI-CSA and CSA/SI, and a higher increase in ROI-SI, compared with the preoperative data (all, P<0.05).Conclusions: The quality of paraspinal muscles significantly decreased in patients with new OVCFs after PKP. This brings a new perspective to the study of postoperative recurrent fractures; patients and physicians need to pay more attention to the efficacy of bed rest and bracing.

scholarly journals Can paraspinal muscle degeneration be a reason for refractures after percutaneous kyphoplasty? A magnetic resonance imaging observation

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
He Zhao ◽  
Yan He ◽  
Jun-Song Yang ◽  
Wei Bao ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Paraspinal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Degeneration ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Paraspinal Muscles ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Mri Scan ◽  
Percutaneous Kyphoplasty

Abstract Background Vertebral augmentation (VA) techniques are used to treat acute osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs). However, the incidence of recurrent vertebral fractures after VA is controversial. Various factors have been discussed in the literature, but no convincing study on the quality of paraspinal muscles has been reported. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the changes in paraspinal muscles and discuss the relationship between paraspinal muscle degeneration and vertebral refractures after percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP). Methods This retrospective study was conducted in patients who underwent PKP for an initial OVCF between July 2017 and August 2018. Patients were followed up and categorized in the refractured or non-refractured group. A final magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan and a preoperative MRI scan were used to determine the measurements. The paraspinal muscles at the mid-height level of the initial fractured vertebral body were measured using regions of interest (ROIs), including the cross-sectional area (CSA) and signal intensity (SI). The changes in the observed data were compared between the groups using rank-sum tests. Results Overall, 92 patients were enrolled in the study; 33 of them sustained vertebral refractures during the follow-up and the other 59 patients did not. There were no significant differences in terms of sex, age, preoperative bone mineral density, and body mass index between the groups (all, P > 0.05). The refractured group had a significantly higher decrease in the ROI-CSA and CSA/SI, and a higher increase in ROI-SI, compared with the preoperative data (all, P < 0.05). Conclusions The quality of paraspinal muscles significantly decreased in patients with new OVCFs after PKP. This brings a new perspective to the study of postoperative recurrent fractures; patients and physicians need to pay more attention to the efficacy of bed rest and bracing.

A Deep-Learning–Based, Fully Automated Program to Segment and Quantify Major Spinal Components on Axial Lumbar Spine Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haotian Shen ◽  
Jiawei Huang ◽  
Qiangqiang Zheng ◽  
Zhiwei Zhu ◽  
Xiaoqiang Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Paraspinal Muscle ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Paraspinal Muscles ◽  
Quantitative Measurements

Abstract Objective The paraspinal muscles have been extensively studied on axial lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRIs) for better understanding of back pain; however, the acquisition of measurements mainly relies on manual segmentation, which is time consuming. The study objective was to develop and validate a deep-learning–based program for automated acquisition of quantitative measurements for major lumbar spine components on axial lumbar MRIs, the paraspinal muscles in particular. Methods This study used a cross-sectional observational design. From the Hangzhou Lumbar Spine Study, T2-weighted axial MRIs at the L4–5 disk level of 120 participants (aged 54.8 y [SD = 15.0]) were selected to develop the deep-learning–based program Spine Explorer (Tulong). Another 30 axial lumbar MRIs were automatically measured by Spine Explorer and then manually measured using ImageJ to acquire quantitative size and compositional measurements for bilateral multifidus, erector spinae, and psoas muscles; the disk; and the spinal canal. Intersection-over-union and Dice score were used to evaluate the performance of automated segmentation. Intraclass coefficients (ICCs) and Bland–Altman plots were used to examine intersoftware agreements for various measurements. Results After training, Spine Explorer (Tulong) measures an axial lumbar MRI in 1 second. The intersections-over-union were 83.3% to 88.4% for the paraspinal muscles, 92.2% and 82.1% for the disk and spinal canal, respectively. For various size and compositional measurements of paraspinal muscles, Spine Explorer (Tulong) was in good agreement with ImageJ (ICC = 0.85 ~ 0.99). Impact Spine Explorer (Tulong) is automated, efficient, and reliable in acquiring quantitative measurements for the paraspinal muscles, the disk, and the canal, and various size and compositional measurements were simultaneously obtained for the lumbar paraspinal muscles. Such an automated program might encourage further epidemiological studies of the lumbar paraspinal muscle degeneration and enhance paraspinal muscle assessment in clinical practice.

Transdermal Patch Administration and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)—2020

2021 ◽  
pp. 001857872098713
Author(s):  
Janna Afanasjeva ◽  
Michael Gabay ◽  
Thomas Poznanski ◽  
Stefanie Kerns
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Hospital Pharmacy ◽  
Transdermal Patch ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Scan ◽  
Transdermal Patches ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Prescribing Information

This is an update to the 2010 article published in Hospital Pharmacy on safety concerns involving transdermal patches and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Since publication of the original article, new brand and generic transdermal medications have become available and notable changes regarding the presence or absence of metallic content among existing transdermal formulations occurred. To update the tables within the article, Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved transdermal medications through October 2020 were researched in order to determine metallic content and procedures for reapplication after MRI, if applicable. Readers should consult the prescribing information or manufacturer for the most current information on use of transdermal medications in the MRI setting. Of note, manufacturers have not evaluated the use of transdermal products while patients undergo a MRI scan.

scholarly journals Kernohan-Woltman Notch Phenomenon—Case Report

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (01) ◽  
pp. 056-059
Author(s):  
Carlos Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Chronic Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Motor Deficit ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Scan ◽  
Present Case Report ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

AbstractThe Kernohan-Woltman notch phenomenon is a paradoxical neurological manifestation consisting of a motor deficit ipsilateral to a primary brain injury. It has been observed in patients with brain tumors and with supratentorial hematomas. It is considered a false localizing neurological sign. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan has been the test of choice. The recognition of this phenomenon is important to prevent a surgical procedure on the opposite side of the lesion. The present case report describes a case of chronic subdural hematoma with a probable finding of the Kernohan-Woltman phenomenon, and it discusses its pathophysiology, imaging findings, treatment, and prognosis.

scholarly journals The Pathophysiology of Primary Hip Osteoarthritis may Originate from Bone Alterations

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikio Kamimura ◽  
Yukio Nakamura ◽  
Shota Ikegami ◽  
Keijiro Mukaiyama ◽  
Shigeharu Uchiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Proximal Femur ◽  
Hip Osteoarthritis ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Plain Radiographs ◽  
Signal Changes ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate whether bone alterations detected by hip magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were associated with subsequent primary hip OA. Methods: We enrolled 7 patients with hip joint pain from their first visit, at which hip joints were classified as grade 0 or I on the Kellgren-Lawrence grading scale. Plain radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed on all cases, and pain was assessed with the Denis pain scale. Average age, height, weight, body mass index, bone mineral density (L1-4), central edge angle, Sharp’s angle, and acetabular hip index were calculated. Results: Within two months of the onset of pain, 4 of the 7 cases showed broad bone signal changes, while 3 cases showed local signal changes in the proximal femur on hip MRI. Three to 6 months after the onset of pain, in all patients whose pain was much improved, plain radiographs showed progression to further-stage OA. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that bone abnormalities in the proximal femur might be involved in the pathogenesis of primary hip OA.

scholarly journals A study of the sensitivity and specificity of the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) technique used in the diagnosis of endometriosis versus the intraoperative appearance considered the reference standard in the diagnosis of endometriosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
Alexandra RADU ◽  
◽  
Elvira BRATILA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
First Line ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Asymptomatic Women ◽  
Bladder Invasion

Endometriosis is a gynecological pathology with chronic symptoms, which negatively affects the patient’s quality of life. The prevalence of endometriosis in asymptomatic women is between 2% and 50%, depending on the populations studied and the method of diagnosis. The severity of the symptoms as well as the probability of diagnosing endometriosis increases with age9. Because endometriosis is a gynecological condition with a nonspecific clinical picture, sometimes even asymptomatic, imaging technology can be considered the first line of diagnosis for this pathology. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) used in the diagnosis of endometriotic lesions depending on their location, and compare the results obtained with the intraoperative appearance considered a reference standard in the diagnosis of endometriosis. Our study revealed the highest specificity for MRI in the case of endometriotic bladder invasion, respectively the highest sensitivity for endometriotic rectal nodules.

scholarly journals Do We Need Intraoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging in All Endoscopic Endonasal Pituitary Adenoma Surgery Cases? A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emrah Celtikci ◽  
Muammer Melih Sahin ◽  
Mustafa Caglar Sahin ◽  
Emetullah Cindil ◽  
Zuhal Demirtaş ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Pituitary Adenoma ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cavernous Sinus ◽  
Residual Tumor ◽  
Correct Prediction ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Scan ◽  
Endoscopic Endonasal ◽  
Grade 3

There are previous reports investigating effectiveness of intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (IO-MRI) in pituitary adenoma surgery but there is no clear data in the literature recommending when there is no need of intraoperative scan. This retrospective analysis was based on determining which patients does not need any IO-MRI scan following endoscopic endonasal pituitary adenoma surgery. Patients with functional or non-functional pituitary adenomas that were operated via endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) between June 2017 and May 2019 were enrolled. Patients younger than 18 years old, patients who did not underwent IO-MRI procedure or not operated via EEA were excluded from the study. Hence, this study is designed to clarify if IO-MRI is useful in both functional and non-functional pituitary adenomas, functional adenomas did not split into subgroups. A total of 200 patients treated with pituitary adenoma were included. In Knosp Grade 0 – 2 group, primary surgeon’s opinion and IO-MRI findings were compatible in 150 patients (98.6%). In Knosp Grade 3 – 4 correct prediction were performed in 32 (66.6%) patients. When incorrectly predicted Knosp Grade 3 – 4 patients (n = 16) was analyzed, in 13 patients there were still residual tumor in cavernous sinus and in 3 patients there were no residual tumor. Fisher’s exact test showed there is a statistically significant difference of correct prediction between two different Knosp Grade groups (two-tailed P &lt; 0.0001). Eighteen patients had a residual tumor extending to the suprasellar and parasellar regions which second most common site for residual tumor. Our findings demonstrate that there is no need of IO-MRI scan while operating adenomas limited in the sellae and not invading the cavernous sinus. However, we strongly recommend IO-MRI if there is any suprasellar and parasellar extension and/or cavernous sinus invasion.

scholarly journals The Lichfield bone study: the skeletal response to exercise in healthy young men

2012 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyriacos I. Eleftheriou ◽  
Jaikirty S. Rawal ◽  
Anthony Kehoe ◽  
Laurence E. James ◽  
John R. Payne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Bone Volume ◽  
Femoral Bone ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Limb Dominance

The skeletal response to short-term exercise training remains poorly described. We thus studied the lower limb skeletal response of 723 Caucasian male army recruits to a 12-wk training regime. Femoral bone volume was assessed using magnetic resonance imaging, bone ultrastructure by quantitative ultrasound (QUS), and bone mineral density (BMD) using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of the hip. Left hip BMD increased with training (mean ± SD: 0.85 ± 3.24, 2.93 ± 4.85, and 1.89 ± 2.85% for femoral neck, Ward's area, and total hip, respectively; all P < 0.001). Left calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation rose 3.57 ± 0.5% ( P < 0.001), and left and right femoral cortical volume by 1.09 ± 4.05 and 0.71 ± 4.05%, respectively ( P = 0.0001 and 0.003), largely through the rise in periosteal volume (0.78 ± 3.14 and 0.59 ± 2.58% for right and left, respectively, P < 0.001) with endosteal volumes unchanged. Before training, DXA and QUS measures were independent of limb dominance. However, the dominant femur had higher periosteal (25,991.49 vs. 2,5572 mm3, P < 0.001), endosteal (6,063.33 vs. 5,983.12 mm3, P = 0.001), and cortical volumes (19,928 vs. 19,589.56 mm3, P = 0.001). Changes in DXA, QUS, and magnetic resonance imaging measures were independent of limb dominance. We show, for the first time, that short-term exercise training in young men is associated not only with a rise in human femoral BMD, but also in femoral bone volume, the latter largely through a periosteal response.

scholarly journals Diagnosis and management of congenital absence of pericardium: a case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Melissa Bouchard ◽  
A Hoschtitzky ◽  
M Gatzoulis
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Symptomatic Patient ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Chest Pains

Abstract Background Absence of the pericardium is a rare congenital defect with an approximate incidence of &lt;1/10 000. We review a case of complete pericardial agenesis in a symptomatic patient with gross cardiac mobility, for which pericardial reconstruction was undertaken successfully. Case summary A 24-year-old otherwise fit and well patient, with debilitating exertional chest pain was found to have complete pericardial agenesis on the left side and on the diaphragmatic surface. There was gross cardiac mobility demonstrated on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. His pericardium was reconstructed surgically using Gore-tex® patches. There were no complications, and the patient was discharged 8 days later. Three months later at follow-up, the patient required no analgesia and has had complete resolution of his chest pains. Discussion Congenital hemi-pericardial agenesis is a very rare condition which often remains undetected due to its asymptomatic nature. It is important to consider this as a differential diagnosis of exertional chest pains. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging remains the investigation of gold standard. There is no consensus on whether surgical intervention in symptomatic or asymptomatic patients has any prognostic value. However, we have demonstrated that by reconstructing the pericardium in a highly symptomatic patient, there has been a resolution in size of a previously dilated right ventricle and most importantly an improvement in quality of life.

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