scholarly journals Subjective Social Status (SSS) as an Important Mediator in the Association between Socioeconomic Status (SES) and Mental Health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Mehravar ◽  
Abbas Rahimi Foroushani ◽  
Mohammad Ali Vakili ◽  
Saharnaz Nedjat
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Subjective Social Status ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Socioeconomic status (SES) has often been considered a major predictor of mental health-related outcomes such as depression, anxiety, and stress. However, little is known about the mediating role of subjective social status (SSS) — an individual perception of relative position in the social hierarchy—in the relationship between SES and health outcomes. This study aimed to determine the mediating role of SSS in the relationship between SES and mental health among the employees of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS).Methods:The data from the enrolment phase of a cohort study on TUMS employees (n = 4461) were used in this cross-sectional study. Household SES was the main independent variable. SES was first entered into the mediation model as a composite index (a combination of wealth index, social class, and education), and then each indicator was entered separately. Stress, anxiety, and depression scores were measured using the DASS-42 Scale as a latent outcome variable for mental health status. SSS was evaluated as a potential mediator variable using the MacArthur scale which was converted to a five-point Likert item. The mediation analysis was carried out using a two-step structural equation modeling (SEM) approach in STATA version 14.0 with maximum likelihood (ML) estimation. Finally, the direct and indirect effects of SES indices on mental health were investigated, considering SSS's mediating role.Results: The data showed that 2706 participants (60.65%) were female and the mean age of all participants was 42.21±8.72 years. The standardized path coefficient for the direct effect of SES on SSS was --0.50 (SE=0.013), whereas the standardized path coefficient for the direct effect of SSS on mental health was 0.10 (SE=0.018). The standardized indirected effect of the composite SES-index on mental health through the SSS is -0.05 (lower SSS and mental health scores and higher SES scores indicate improvements in the status of these variables). Contribution of SSS in association between composite SES-index and the mental health of TUMS employees is 27.78% (27.27% in male and 22.23% in female). In addition, contribution of SSS for the association between the indices of wealth, education, social class and mental health is 41.67%, 36.36%, and 28.57%, respectively.Conclusions:The Findings of this study showed that a poorer SSS may influence the pathology of mental health disorders. It seems to be as a mediator in the association between SES and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Individuals' mental health may thus be improved by intervening in their subjective social status in relation to SES, which is relatively more stable.

scholarly journals Impact of social class on health: The mediating role of health self-management

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254692
Author(s):  
Xiaoyong Hu ◽  
Tiantian Wang ◽  
Duan Huang ◽  
Yanli Wang ◽  
Qiong Li
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Bodily Pain ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
The Relationship

Background Studies have explored the relationship between social class and health for decades. However, the underlying mechanism between the two remains not fully understood. This study aimed to explore whether health self-management had a mediating role between social class and health under the framework of Socio-cultural Self Model. Methods 663 adults, randomly sampled from six communities in Southwest China, completed the survey for this study. Social class was assessed using individuals’ income, education, occupation. Health self-management was assessed through evaluation of the health self-management behavior, health self-management cognition, health self-management environment. Physical health and mental health were measured by the Chinese version of Short-Form (36-item) Health Survey, which contains Physical Functioning, Role-Physical, Role-Emotional, Vitality, Mental Health, Social Function, Bodily Pain and General Health. Pearson’s correlation was used to examine the associations between major variables. Mediation analyses were performed to explore the mediating role of health self-management. Results Social class positively predicted self-rated health. The lower the social class, the lower the self-reported physical and mental health. Health self-management partially mediated the relationship between social class and self-rated health. That is, the health self-management ability of the lower class, such as access to healthy and nutritious food and evaluate their own health status, is worse than that of the higher class, which leads to physical and mental health inequality between the high and the low classes. Conclusion Health self-management mediated the relationship between social class and health. Promoting health self-management abilities are conducive to improving both physical and mental health.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Perceived Burdensomeness and Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness in Patients with Chronic Pain: A Mediating Role of Pain Self-Efficacy

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmaeil Sadri Damirchi ◽  
Shahriar Dargahi ◽  
Nader Ayadi ◽  
Davod Fathi
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Psychosocial Adjustment ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Perceived Burdensomeness ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Adjustment To Illness ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The majority of patients living with chronic pain faces several challenges; therefore, factors affecting their adaptation to the disease to provide appropriate therapeutic methods and meditation and relaxation therapy should be identified. Objectives: The present study aimed at investigating the relationship between perceived burdensomeness and psychosocial adjustment, and the mediating role of pain self-efficacy. Methods: This descriptive correlational study was conducted on 240 patients with chronic pain referred to the orthopedic centers in Ardabil in 2019 selected by convenience sampling. Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale, Pain Self-efficacy Questionnaire, and Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire were used for data collection. Also, Pearson correlation and multiple regressions were used for data analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS V. 19 and AMOS V. 21. Results: The findings confirmed the negative and direct effect of perceived burdensomeness (β = -0.11 and P < 0.01), as well as the positive and direct effect of pain self-efficacy (β = 0.86 and P < 0.01) on psychosocial adjustment. On the other hand, perceived burdensomeness (β = -0.32, P < 0.01) had a negative and direct effect on pain self-efficacy. The indirect effect of perceived burdensomeness and pain self-efficacy on psychosocial adjustment to illness was also confirmed. Conclusions: According to the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that the feelings of pain self-efficacy mediate the relationship between perceived burdensomeness and psychosocial adjustment in patients with chronic pain. That can also be important for the patient and their caregivers in relation to other chronic illnesses. Chronic diseases can also affect patients and their caregivers.

Presenting Causal Model in Explaining the Relationship between Self-differentiation and Forgiveness with Marital Satisfaction based on the Mediating Role of Religious Orientation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadereh Toloo Takmili Torabi ◽  
Parivash Vakili ◽  
Azam Fattahi Andebil
Keyword(s):  
Marital Satisfaction ◽  
Religious Orientation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Indirect Path ◽  
Self Differentiation ◽  
The Relationship

Aim: The aim of this study was to explain the relationship between self-differentiation and forgiveness with marital satisfaction based on the mediating role of religious orientation. Methods: The research method was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population included all married teachers working in the sixth and seventh grade in Tehran's 6th educational district, with a total of 4,080 people, among whom 28 schools and 304 volunteer teachers were randomly selected. To collect research data, the following tools were used:  Differentiation of Self Inventory by Skowron, E. A., & Schmitt (2003), Family Forgiveness Scale by Pollard, Anderson, Anderson & Jennings (1998), Religious Orientation Questionnaire by Allport & Ross (1967), and ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale by Fournier, Olson & Druckman (1983) were used. After deleting 10 distorted questionnaires and 3 outliers, structural equation modeling was used for data analysis. Results: In this study, the direct path coefficient between internal religious orientation and marital satisfaction (P<0.01, β=0.337) was positive and significant at the 0.01 level. Indirect path coefficient between self-differentiation and marital satisfaction (β = 0.149, P <0.01) and indirect path coefficient between forgiveness and marital satisfaction (P <0.01, β = 0.129) were positive and significant at 0.01 level. Conclusion: Since internal religious orientation can be effective in improving relationships and marital satisfaction, it is suggested that in marital counseling, strengthening the religious beliefs of couples be used.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document