scholarly journals Association Between Urine Uranium and Asthma Prevalence: NHANES 2007-2016

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongdong Huang ◽  
Saibin Wang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
General Population ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Skewed Distribution ◽  
Asthma Prevalence ◽  
College Graduate

Abstract Background: Previous studies showed that urine uranium (U) is associated with asthma prevalence in adults. However, the association between them among the general population is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed at exploring this unclear association. Methods: The data of the participants were collected from the 2007-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) performed in the United States. Continuous variables with skewed distribution were analyzed using Ln-transformation. The association between urine U and asthma prevalence was analyzed by multiple regression analysis, and the linear association between them was evaluated by the smooth curve fitting. The subgroup analysis was performed by the hierarchical multivariate regression analysis.Results: A total of 13,581 participants were included in our analysis. The multivariate regression analysis showed that LnU was independently and positively correlated with asthma prevalence in the general population (OR=1.12; 95% CI:1.04,1.20; P=0.002). The subgroup analysis revealed that the College Graduate or above showed the stronger association between LnU and asthma prevalence (<9th Grade: OR=0.84; 95% CI: 0.61, 1.14; 9-11th Grade: OR=1.23; 95% CI: 0.99,1.52; High School Grade: OR=1.00; 95% CI: 0.84, 1.19; College: OR=1.04; 95% CI: 0.91,1.19; ≥College Graduate: OR=1.32; 95% CI: 1.11, 1.57; P for interaction=0.0389). Conclusions: Our research suggested that urinary U levels are positively correlated with asthma prevalence in the general population of the United States, and the association is especially strong among people with high level of education.

Arterial stiffness could reflect increased cardiac load and reduced pulmonary function in the general population

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Murai ◽  
T Sugiura ◽  
Y Dohi ◽  
H Takase ◽  
T Mizoguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
General Population ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
The Other

Abstract Background Pulmonary function is known to decrease with age and reduced pulmonary function has been reported to be associated with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular death. The association between pulmonary impairment and atherosclerosis was reported previously but has not been investigated sufficiently in the general population. Purpose We hypothesized that arterial stiffness could reflect increase of cardiac load and reduced pulmonary function. The present study aimed to investigate whether increased cardiac load and reduced pulmonary function could affect arterial stiffness in the general population. Methods Subjects undergoing their health check-up were enrolled. Plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels and serum high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) levels were measured to evaluate cardiac load and myocardial damage. Radial augmentation index (rAI) was measured to investigate arterial stiffness using HEM-9000AI device. Subjects with an ST-T segment abnormality on the electrocardiogram, renal insufficiency, cancer, active inflammatory disease, or a history of cardiovascular events and pulmonary disease were excluded. Pulmonary function was assessed using spirometry by calculating forced vital capacity (FVC) as a percentage of predicted value (FVC%-predicted), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) as a percentage of predicted value (FEV1%-predicted), and the ratio of FEV1 to FVC (FEV1/FVC). Results A total of 1100 subjects aged 57 years were enrolled and their median values of BNP and hs-cTnI were 15.5 and 2.3 pg/ml. The levels of rAI were significantly associated with the levels of BNP after adjustment for possible confounders in multivariate regression analysis, but were not with the levels of hs-TnI. While the parameters of pulmonary function were inversely associated with the levels of rAI and hs-cTnI after adjustment for possible confounders in the multivariate regression analysis, but not with the levels of BNP. The other multivariate regression analyses where BNP, hs-cTnI, parameters of pulmonary function, and the other possible factors were simultaneously included as independent variables revealed that the BNP levels and the FVC%-predicted or FEV1%-predicted, besides age, gender, smoking status, body mass index, blood pressure, heart rate, creatinine, fasting plasma glucose, and triglyceride, were significantly associated with the levels of rAI. Conclusions The significant associations of rAI with BNP and pulmonary function were revealed in the general population. These findings support that arterial stiffness could reflect increased cardiac load and reduced pulmonary function, in apparently healthy individuals. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Multihazard Weather Risk Perception and Preparedness in Eight Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander G. Keul ◽  
Bernhard Brunner ◽  
John Allen ◽  
Katie A. Wilson ◽  
Mateusz Taszarek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Behavioral Approach ◽  
Housing Type ◽  
Weather Risk ◽  
Subjective Risk

ABSTRACT Weather risk perception research lacks multihazard and transcultural datasets. This hypothesis-generating study used a cognitive behavioral approach and Brunswik’s lens model for subjective risk parameters across eight countries. In Germany, Poland, Israel, the United States, Brazil, India, Malaysia, and Australia, 812 field interviews took place with a uniform set of 37 questions about weather interest, media access, elementary meteorological knowledge, weather fear, preparedness, loss due to weather, and sociodemography. The local randomized quota samples were strictly tested for sample errors; however, they cannot be considered representative for individual countries due to sample size and methodology. Highly rated subjective risks included flood, heat, tornado, and lightning. Weather fear was most prominent in the Malaysian sample and lowest in the German. Subjective elements were further explored with bivariate correlations and a multivariate regression analysis. Sociodemography correlated with psychological variables like knowledge, interest, and fear. Fear was related with subjective risk; less educated and informed people were more fearful. A linear regression analysis identified interest, gender, housing type, education, loss due to weather, and local weather access as the significant predictors for preparedness. The level of preparedness was highest in the United States and Australia and lowest in the Malaysian and Brazilian samples. A lack of meteorological training and infrequent loss experiences make media communication important and emphasize the value of repetition for basic information. Elements of this survey can serve to monitor weather-related psychological orientations of vulnerable population groups. Finally, this survey provides a template with which larger representative transcultural multihazard perception studies can be pursued.

The association between bone metabolism markers and hypertension in osteoporotic patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuoqing Hu ◽  
Kevin Yang ◽  
Hao Wei ◽  
Zheng Tang ◽  
Zhihui Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Bone Metabolism Markers ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Tracp 5B

Abstract Background. Hypertension may be related to osteoporosis through increasing parathyroid hormone (PTH) and catecholamines which promote osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. There are previous studies on the relationship between hypertension and bone turnover markers but they are still unclear. The aim of the case study is to examine the association between hypertension and the level of bone metabolism markers in osteoporotic patients. Methods. A cross-sectional study of 518 subjects was done to see the association between hypertension and the level of osteocalcin (OC), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (B-ALP), Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP.5B) and 25-hydroxy vitamin D(25-OHD). All of the subjects were divided into two groups for analyzation: with or without hypertension. Subgroup analysis was based on sex for further analysis. The associations were assessed by the univariate analysis and multivariate regression analysis. Potential confounders were also adjusted for multivariate regression analysis. Results. There were 243(46.9%) osteoporosis patients with hypertension. Both univariate and multivariate analysis have suggested that lower OC and 25-OHD levels were associated with hypertension. The potential confounders-adjusted OC level was significantly lower in hypertensive female group than that in the female without hypertension group(β= -0.20, 95%CI= -0.37 to -0.03, P = 0.02 in final adjust model). The potential confounders-adjusted 25-OHD level was significantly lower in hypertensive male group than that in male without hypertension group (β= -0.34, 95%CI= -0.58 to -0.10, P = 0.01 in final adjust model). The B-ALP and TRACP.5B levels were positively associated with hypertension in univariate or multivariate analysis. In subgroup analysis, there was a consistent correlation between hypertension and B-ALP level in females and male subjects, but there was no consistent correlation between consistent correlation and TRACP.5B. However, all the correlations had no statistical significance for the B-ALP and TRACP.5B. Conclusions. In this study, hypertension was associated with low level of OC in female group and hypertension was associated with low level of 25-OHD level in male which show that OC and 25-OHD may play a role in bone loss.

Power, Conflict, and Effectiveness

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Afzalur Rahim ◽  
David Antonioni ◽  
Krum Krumov ◽  
Snejana Ilieva
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Interpersonal Conflict ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Hierarchical Regression Analysis ◽  
Referent Power ◽  
Legitimate Power ◽  
Power Base ◽  
Effectiveness Data

This study investigated the relationships of bases of leader power (coercive, reward, legitimate, expert, and referent) and styles of handling interpersonal conflict (integrating, obliging, dominating, avoiding, and compromising) to subordinates' effectiveness. Data for this study were collected with questionnaires from the United States and Bulgaria and analyzed with hierarchical regression analysis for each country. Results indicated that in the United States referent power base of supervisors and integrating style of handling conflict of subordinates were positively associated with effectiveness. In Bulgaria, legitimate power base of supervisors was positively associated with effectiveness, but the subordinates' conflict styles were not associated with effectiveness.

scholarly journals 1574. Multivariate Regression Analysis to Determine Independent Predictors of Treatment Outcomes in the RESTORE-IMI 2 Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S785-S786
Author(s):  
Robert Tipping ◽  
Jiejun Du ◽  
Maria C Losada ◽  
Michelle L Brown ◽  
Katherine Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Clinical Response ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Apache Ii Score ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Mitt Population ◽  
Study Results ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Abstract Background In the RESTORE-IMI 2 trial, imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam (IMI/REL) was non-inferior to PIP/TAZ for treating hospital-acquired/ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (HABP/VABP) in the primary endpoint of Day 28 all-cause mortality (D28 ACM) and the key secondary endpoint of clinical response (CR) at early follow-up (EFU; 7-14 d after end of therapy). We performed a multivariate regression analysis to determine independent predictors of treatment outcomes in this trial. Methods Randomized, controlled, double-blind, phase 3, non-inferiority trial comparing IMI/REL 500 mg/250 mg vs PIP/TAZ 4 g/500 mg, every 6 h for 7-14 d, in adult patients (pts) with HABP/VABP. Stepwise-selection logistic regression modeling was used to determine independent predictors of D28 ACM and favorable CR at EFU, in the MITT population (randomized pts with ≥1 dose of study drug, except pts with only gram-positive cocci at baseline). Baseline variables (n=19) were pre-selected as candidates for inclusion (Table 1), based on clinical relevance. Variables were added to the model if significant (p &lt; 0.05) and removed if their significance was reduced (p &gt; 0.1) by addition of other variables. Results Baseline variables that met criteria for significant independent predictors of D28 ACM and CR at EFU in the final selected regression model are in Fig 1 and Fig 2, respectively. As expected, APACHE II score, renal impairment, elderly age, and mechanical ventilation were significant predictors for both outcomes. Bacteremia and P. aeruginosa as a causative pathogen were predictors of unfavorable CR, but not of D28 ACM. Geographic region and the hospital service unit a patient was admitted to were found to be significant predictors, likely explained by their collinearity with other variables. Treatment allocation (IMI/REL vs PIP/TAZ) was not a significant predictor for ACM or CR; this was not unexpected, since the trial showed non-inferiority of the two HABP/VABP therapies. No interactions between the significant predictors and treatment arm were observed. Conclusion This analysis validated known predictors for mortality and clinical outcomes in pts with HABP/VABP and supports the main study results by showing no interactions between predictors and treatment arm. Table 1. Candidate baseline variables pre-selected for inclusion Figure 1. Independent predictors of greater Day 28 all-cause mortality (MITT population; N=531) Figure 2. Independent predictors of favorable clinical response at EFU (MITT population; N=531) Disclosures Robert Tipping, MS, Merck & Co., Inc. (Employee, Shareholder) Jiejun Du, PhD, Merck & Co., Inc. (Employee, Shareholder) Maria C. Losada, BA, Merck & Co., Inc. (Employee, Shareholder) Michelle L. Brown, BS, Merck & Co., Inc. (Employee, Shareholder) Katherine Young, MS, Merck & Co., Inc. (Employee, Shareholder)Merck & Co., Inc. (Employee, Shareholder) Joan R. Butterton, MD, Merck & Co., Inc. (Employee, Shareholder) Amanda Paschke, MD MSCE, Merck & Co., Inc. (Employee, Shareholder) Luke F. Chen, MBBS MPH MBA FRACP FSHEA FIDSA, Merck & Co., Inc. (Employee, Shareholder)Merck & Co., Inc. (Employee, Shareholder)

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