scholarly journals Differences in the Composition, Source, and Stability of Suspended Particulate Matter and Sediment Organic Matter in Hulun Lake, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenwen Wang ◽  
Junyi Chen ◽  
Shuhang Wang ◽  
Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Stable Carbon Isotope ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Organic Matters ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Fluorescence Characteristics ◽  
Hulun Lake ◽  
Extractable Organic Matter

Abstract Sediment (SOM) and suspended particulate (SPOM) organic matters are two important organic matters in water. Their occurrence, migration and transformation, and stability have important effects on the environmental behaviors of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other pollutants in a water environment. The content, composition, fluorescence characteristics, source, and stability of SOM and SPOM in Hulun Lake, a typical lake in cold and arid region of China, were compared by sequential extraction, three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy, parallel factor technique, carbon–nitrogen ratio, and stable carbon isotope. SOM and SPOM in north and west were higher than those in east and south. The average content of SPOM (24.70 ± 4.63 g/kg) was slightly higher than that of SOM (23.04 ± 10.27 g/kg), but the difference was not significant. Humin was the dominant component in SOM and SPOM, accounting for 73.7% and 61.2%, respectively. Humus was the main fluorescence component of water-extractable organic matter in SOM and SPOM, accounting for 79.9% and 70.4%, respectively, of the total fluorescence intensity. SOM and SPOM were derived from terrestrial sources with relative contribution rate of about 70%. SPOM was more influenced by autochthonous sources and had significantly lower humification degree and stability than SOM. Effects of climate changes on migration, transformation, stability, and bioavailability of organic matters and endogenous pollutants closely related to organic matters in lakes of cold and arid regions should be paid attention in the future.

scholarly journals Response Mechanism of Sediment Organic Matter of Plateau Lakes in Cold and Arid Regions to Climate Change: a Case Study of Hulun Lake, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenwen Wang ◽  
Li Zhao ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Junyi Chen ◽  
Shuhang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Sediment Organic Matter ◽  
Sedimentary Evolution ◽  
Terrestrial Source ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Hulun Lake ◽  
Extractable Organic Matter

Abstract Lake organic matter is one of the important forms of terrestrial carbon, and its sedimentary evolution is affected by many factors such as climate and source. However, few studies have been conducted on the bidirectional feedback mechanism between the sedimentary evolution of organic matter and climate change in cold and arid lakes. Historical variations of the sediment organic matter (SOM) and source construction of Hulun Lake, a typical lake in the cold and arid region of China, were studied by multiple methods. The interactions and feedback mechanisms between the sedimentary evolution, climate change, and source construction change were also discussed. Overall, the characteristic indexes of the SOM showed obvious and uniform characteristics of periodical changes. The indexes were relatively stable before 1920, and fluctuated from 1920 to 1979. Since the 1980s, the total organic carbon, carbon stable isotope, and fluorescence intensity of the protein-like component in the water extractable organic matter in the SOM has increased, while the carbon to nitrogen ratio decreased. The absolute dominant contribution of terrestrial source to the SOM had changed, and the relative average contribution rate of autochthonous source increased from 17.6% before 1920 to 36.9% after 2000. The increase of temperature, strong evaporation concentration effect, and the source construction change are the important driving factors of the sedimentary evolution of organic matter in Hulun Lake.

scholarly journals Characterizing dissolved organic matter in Taihu Lake with PARAFAC and SOM method

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Zhang ◽  
T. Li ◽  
B. Dong
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Fluorescence Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Analysis ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Taihu Lake ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fluorescence Characteristics ◽  
Network Method

Abstract The three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum has a significant amount of information than the single-stage scanning fluorescence spectrum. At the same time, the parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis and neural network method can help explore the fluorescence characteristics further, thus could be used to analyse multiple sets of three-dimensional matrix data. In this study, the PARAFAC analysis and the self-organizing mapping (SOM) neural network method are firstly introduced comprehensively. They are then adopted to extract information of the three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum data set for fluorescence characteristics analysis of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in Taihu Lake water. Forty water samples with DOM species were taken from different seasons with the fluorescence information obtained through the three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum analysis, PARAFAC analysis and SOM analysis. The PARAFAC analysis results indicated that the main fluorescence components of dissolved organic matter in Taihu Lake water were aromatic proteins, fulvic acids, and dissolved microorganisms. While the SOM analysis results exhibited that the fluorescence characteristics of the dissolved organics in Taihu Lake varied seasonally. Therefore, the combined method of the three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum analysis, PARAFAC and SOM analysis can provide important information for the characterization of the fluorescence properties of dissolved organic matter in surface water bodies.

Sources of Mutagenic Activity in Urban Fine Particles

1990 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 81-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert K. Stevens ◽  
C. W. Lewis ◽  
T. G. Dzubay ◽  
L. T. Cupitt ◽  
Joellen Lewtas
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Wood Burning ◽  
Extractable Organic Matter ◽  
Mlr Model

Samples were collected during the winter of 1984—1985 in the cities of Albuquerque, NM and Raleigh NC as part of a US Environmental Protection Agency study to evaluate methods to determine the emission sources contributing to the mutagenic properties of extractable organic matter (EOM) present in fine particles. Data derived from the analysis of the composition of these fine particles served as input to a multi-linear regression (MLR) model used to calculate the relative contribution of wood burning and motor vehicle sources to mutagenic activity observed in the extractable organic matter. At both sites the mutagenic potency of EOM was found to be greater (3—5 times) for mobile sources when compared to wood smoke extractable organics. Carbon-14 measurements which give a direct determination of the amount of EOM that originated from wood burning were in close agreement with the source apportionment results derived from the MLR model.

Structural Characteristics of Intracellular and Extracellular Organic Matter from Microcystis aeruginosa

2014 ◽  
Vol 675-677 ◽  
pp. 163-166
Author(s):  
Huan Wang ◽  
Dong Mei Liu ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Fu Yi Cui
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Organic Matters ◽  
Excitation Emission Matrix ◽  
Ring Compounds ◽  
Extracellular Organic Matter ◽  
Ft Ir

Algogenic organic matters (AOM) generate from two parts, that are extracellular organic matters (EOM) and intracellular organic matters (IOM). This paper compared the structural characteristics of IOM and EOM originated from Microcystis aeruginosa using techniques including ultra violet-visible spectrum (UV-VIS), Fourier infrared spectrum (FT-IR) and three-dimensional excitation emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy. The results demonstrated that concentrations of the organic matter in EOM were less than that in IOM. EOM has less characteristic absorption peaks. There were more aromatic ring compounds, more protein and amino acids in IOM than EOM.

Macrophyte-derived detritus in shallow coastal waters contributes to suspended particulate organic matter and increases growth rates of Mytilus edulis

2020 ◽  
Vol 644 ◽  
pp. 91-103
Author(s):  
D Bearham ◽  
MA Vanderklift ◽  
RA Downie ◽  
DP Thomson ◽  
LA Clementson
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Mytilus Edulis ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Gill Tissue ◽  
Suspension Feeder ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Suspension Feeders ◽  
Blue Mussels ◽  
Suspended Particulate

Benthic suspension feeders, such as bivalves, potentially have several different food sources, including plankton and resuspended detritus of benthic origin. We hypothesised that suspension feeders are likely to feed on detritus if it is present. This inference would be further strengthened if there was a correlation between δ13C of suspension feeder tissue and δ13C of particulate organic matter (POM). Since detritus is characterised by high particulate organic matter (POC):chl a ratios, we would also predict a positive correlation between POM δ13C and POC:chl a. We hypothesised that increasing depth and greater distance from shore would produce a greater nutritional reliance by experimentally transplanted blue mussels Mytilus edulis on plankton rather than macrophyte-derived detritus. After deployments of 3 mo duration in 2 different years at depths from 3 to 40 m, M. edulis sizes were positively correlated with POM concentrations. POC:chl a ratios and δ13C of POM and M. edulis gill tissue decreased with increasing depth (and greater distance from shore). δ13C of POM was correlated with δ13C of M. edulis. Our results suggest that detritus comprised a large proportion of POM at shallow depths (<15 m), that M. edulis ingested and assimilated carbon in proportion to its availability in POM, and that growth of M. edulis was higher where detritus was present and POM concentrations were higher.

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