scholarly journals Health System Adaptability at Primary Level Care in the Time of COIVD-19: Experiences From Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yared Abebe ◽  
Ismael Ali Beshir ◽  
Zergu Tafese Tsegaye ◽  
Binyam Fekadu Desta ◽  
Mengistu Asnake Kibret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health System ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
System Resilience ◽  
Primary Health Care Facilities

Abstract BackgroundCOVID-19 is a global public health emergency, that has had massive implications on the ability of health systems to avail essential services both during and after the emergency. An effective response thus requires an agile health system that can adjust, reorganize, transform or modify in response to shocks and stress, and to recover quickly in the aftermath. This study aims to identify the major attributes that health systems needed to be adaptable in early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, as observed in selected primary health care facilities in Ethiopia. MethodsThis study employed a retrospective cross-sectional study design based on the ‘ready, willing and able’ framework for health system resilience. The assessment used two independent, concurrently administrated instruments. A total of 163 health centers were visited from April to June 2020. ResultsThe overall mean score for COVID-19 preparedness was 73.1±16.1 standard deviation (SD) and it ranged from 28.9 to 99.9 out of 100. The mean score for the ‘ready’ dimension of preparedness was 75.1±19.1 SD, for the ‘willing’ dimension it was 61.6±24.6 SD and for the ‘able’ dimension the score was 82.8±21.0 SD. Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that levels of functionality of governing, and management systems, integration of emergency responses into the routine system, and prior experience of implementing quality improvement efforts were positively associated with COVID-19 preparedness. ConclusionHealth system resilience is a result of investments made prior to any incidents to ensure that the system is prepared for unpredicted shocks. Early adaptation required to contain the effects of COVID-19 may be considered as a litmus test to understand the capacity of primary health care facilities in Ethiopia to withstand future health system stressors.

scholarly journals Quality of nutrition services in primary health care facilities: Implications for integrating nutrition into the health system in Bangladesh

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. e0178121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sk Masum Billah ◽  
Kuntal Kumar Saha ◽  
Abdullah Nurus Salam Khan ◽  
Ashfaqul Haq Chowdhury ◽  
Sarah P. Garnett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health System ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Nutrition Services ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Primary Health Care Facilities

scholarly journals A retrospective audit of antibiotic prescriptions in primary health-care facilities in Eastern Region, Ghana

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary-Anne Ahiabu ◽  
Britt P Tersbøl ◽  
Richard Biritwum ◽  
Ib C Bygbjerg ◽  
Pascal Magnussen
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Retrospective Audit ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Primary Health Care Facilities

scholarly journals A National Accessibility Audit of Primary Health Care Facilities in Brazil—Are People with Disabilities Being Denied Their Right to Health?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 2953
Author(s):  
Alexandro Pinto ◽  
Luciana Sepúlveda Köpcke ◽  
Renata David ◽  
Hannah Kuper
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Internal Space ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Primary Health Care Facilities

Poor accessibility of healthcare facilities is a major barrier for people with disabilities when seeking care. Yet, accessibility is rarely routinely audited. This study reports findings from the first national assessment of the accessibility of primary health care facilities, undertaken in Brazil. A national accessibility audit was conducted by trained staff of all 38,812 primary healthcare facilities in Brazil in 2012, using a 22-item structured questionnaire. An overall accessibility score was created (22 items), and three sub-scales: external accessibility (eight items), internal accessibility (eight items), information accessibility (six items). The main finding is that the overall accessibility score of primary care facilities in Brazil was low (mean of 22, standard deviation (SD) of 0.21, on a 0–100 scale). Accessibility of different aspects of the healthcare facilities was also low, including external space (mean = 31.0, SD = 2.0), internal space (18.9, 1.9) and accessibility features for people with other visual or hearing impairments (6.3, SD = 1.0). Scores were consistently better in the least poor regions of Brazil and in facilities in larger municipality size (indicating more urban areas). In conclusion, large-scale accessibility audits are feasible to undertake. Poor accessibility means that people with disabilities will experience difficulties in accessing healthcare, and this is a violation of their rights according to international and Brazilian laws.

Childhood Mental Disorders in Primary Health Care: Results of Observations in Four Developing Countries

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 677-683
Author(s):  
R. Giel ◽  
M. V. de Arango ◽  
C. E. Climent ◽  
T. W. Harding ◽  
H. H. A. Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Research Procedure ◽  
Primary Health Care Facilities

To ascertain the frequency of mental disorders in Sudan, Philippines, India, and Colombia, 925 children attending primary health care facilities were studied. Rates of between 12% and 29% were found in the four study areas. The range of mental disorders diagnosed was similar to that encountered in industrialized countries. The research procedure involved a two-stage screening in which a ten-item "reporting questionnaire" constituted the first stage. The study has shown that mental disorders are common among children attending primary health care facilities in four developing countries and that accompanying adults (usually the mothers) readily recognize and report common psychologic and behavioral symptoms when these are solicited by means of a simple set of questions. Despite this, the primary health workers themselves recognized only between 10% and 22% of the cases of mental disorder. The results have been used to design appropriate brief training courses in childhood mental disorders for primary health workers in the countries participating in the study.

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