scholarly journals Fine Mapping and Distribution Analysis of Hybrid Necrosis Genes Ne1 and Ne2 in Wheat in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Zhang ◽  
Shikai Lv ◽  
Yanzhen Wang ◽  
Siwen Wang ◽  
Chunhuan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Discrete Distribution ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Hybrid Necrosis ◽  
Hexaploid Triticale ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Modern Wheat

Abstract Hybrid necrosis of wheat is caused by two dominant complementary genes Ne1 and Ne2 present in normal phenotype parents and is regarded as a barrier to gene flow between crop species. However, the necrosis alleles still occur at high frequency in modern wheat varieties. In this study, we constructed two high-density genetic maps of Ne1 and Ne2 in winter wheat. In these cultivars, Ne1 was found to be located in a span interval of 0.50 centimorgan (cM) on chromosome 5BL delimited by markers Nwu_5B_4137 and Nwu_5B_5114, while Ne2 co-segregated with markers Lseq102 and TC67744 on 2BS. Statistical analysis confirmed that the dosage effect of Ne alleles also existed in moderate and severe hybrid necrosis systems, and the symptoms of necrosis can also be affected by the genetic background. Furthermore, we clarified the discrete distribution and proportion of the Ne1 and Ne2 in China’s major wheat regions, and concluded that introduced modern cultivars directly affect the frequencies of necrosis genes in modern Chinese cultivars (lines), especially that of Ne2. Taking investigations in spring wheat together, we proposed that hybrid necrosis alleles could positively affect breeding owing to their linked excellent genes. Additionally, based on the pedigree, we speculated that the Ne1 and Ne2 in winter wheat may directly originate from wild emmer and introduced cultivars or hexaploid triticale, respectively.

scholarly journals Hybrid Necrosis of Wheat: Systematic Genetic Analysis, Fine Mapping, Distribution and Evolution in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Zhang ◽  
Shikai Lv ◽  
Yanzhen Wang ◽  
Siwen Wang ◽  
Chunhuan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Discrete Distribution ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Hybrid Necrosis ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Necrotic Symptom ◽  
Modern Wheat

Abstract Hybrid necrosis of wheat is caused by two incompatible natural alleles Ne1 and Ne2 residing in normal phenotype parents. It was regarded as a barrier of gene flow between crop species. However, the necrosis alleles were still frequent in modern wheat varieties. Here, we constructed two high-density genetic maps of Ne1 and Ne2 in winter wheat. Of which, Ne1 locus was located in a span interval of 0.50 centimorgan (cM) on chromosome 5BL delimited by markers Nwu_5B_4137 and Nwu_5B_5114, while Ne2 co-segregated with markers Lseq102 and TC67744 on 2BS. Genetic allelic tests confirmed that the Ne1 allele in N9134 is different from that in Spcia and TA4152-60, while Ne2 allele in Zhoumai 22 (ZH22), Manitou, WL711 and Pan555 are also varied. The statistics substantiated that the dosage effect of Ne alleles also existed in moderate and severe hybrid-necrosis system, and the necrotic symptom may also be affected by genetic background. Furthermore, we clarified the discrete distribution and proportion of the Ne1 and Ne2 in China's major wheat regions, and concluded that introduced modern cultivars directly affect the frequencies of necrosis genes in modern Chinese cultivars (lines), especially that of Ne2. Taking investigation in spring wheat together, we proposed that hybrid necrotic alleles could positively affect breeding owing to their linked excellent genes. Additionally, based on the pedigree, we speculated the Ne1 and Ne2 in winter wheat may directly originate from wild emmer and rye, respectively. Overall, this study makes an important step toward better understanding hybrid necrosis in wheat.

QUALITATIVE STABILITY OF WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES AT DIFFERENT LOCATIONS

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-195
Author(s):  
C. Kondora ◽  
M. Szabó ◽  
A. Máté ◽  
G. Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Baking Quality ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

Owing to the significant differences in the adaptability of state-registered varieties, those which can adapt well to the local conditions should be given preference. There are several high-yielding varieties available in Hungary with excellent agronomic properties, good adaptability and satisfactory baking quality. This study was conducted to analyse the adaptability of 34 state-registered winter wheat varieties tested in the small plot trials of the National Institute for Agricultural Quality Control (NIAQC) at 5–9 locations between 1994 and 1997 based on their gluten quantity and farinographic index. For the comparison of the varieties the evaluation method of Eberhart and Russell (1966) was applied as modified by Bedő and Balla (1977). The qualitative stability and adaptability values of the varieties differ from the adaptability and stability values calculated from the grain yields. Some winter wheat varieties have good qualitative adaptability and stability, while others have special adaptability and poor qualitative stability, but the majority of the varieties do not belong to these groups.

Impact of the estimated doses of mineral fertilizers on the infestation mildew, pyrenophora and yield of winter wheat varieties

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.Y. Ozheredova ◽  
◽  
A. N. Esaulko ◽  
L.A. Mikhno ◽  
A.P. Shutko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Leached Chernozem ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

The article presents materials on the influence of calculated doses of mineral fertilizers on the incidence of powdery mildew, pyrenophorosis and yield of winter wheat varieties cultivated on leached Chernozem for 2016-2018.

Varietal potential of winter wheat in the Kursk region

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pigorev I. Ya. Pigorev I. Ya. ◽  
◽  
V.A. Kudinov V.A. ◽  
I.V. Ichkov I.V.
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Kursk Region ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties ◽  
Large Enterprises

the range of winter wheat varieties in the conditions of sown areas of the Kursk region is considered. The analysis of the varieties used with the priorities and volumes of crops in large enterprises and small business entities of the agro-industrial complex is given.

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