QUALITATIVE STABILITY OF WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES AT DIFFERENT LOCATIONS

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-195
Author(s):  
C. Kondora ◽  
M. Szabó ◽  
A. Máté ◽  
G. Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Baking Quality ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

Owing to the significant differences in the adaptability of state-registered varieties, those which can adapt well to the local conditions should be given preference. There are several high-yielding varieties available in Hungary with excellent agronomic properties, good adaptability and satisfactory baking quality. This study was conducted to analyse the adaptability of 34 state-registered winter wheat varieties tested in the small plot trials of the National Institute for Agricultural Quality Control (NIAQC) at 5–9 locations between 1994 and 1997 based on their gluten quantity and farinographic index. For the comparison of the varieties the evaluation method of Eberhart and Russell (1966) was applied as modified by Bedő and Balla (1977). The qualitative stability and adaptability values of the varieties differ from the adaptability and stability values calculated from the grain yields. Some winter wheat varieties have good qualitative adaptability and stability, while others have special adaptability and poor qualitative stability, but the majority of the varieties do not belong to these groups.

ADAPTABILITY OF WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES BASED ON THEIR GRAIN YIELD RESULTS

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Kondora ◽  
M. Szabó ◽  
G. Szabó ◽  
A. Máté
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Ecological Adaptability ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties ◽  
Better Than

There is a significant difference in the adaptability of qualified varieties. To determine which varieties can be grown profitably at different locations, it is necessary to know the characteristics and the ecological adaptability of the varieties. The present study was conducted to analyse the adaptability of 40 state-registered winter wheat varieties tested in small-plot comparative trials by the National Institute for Agricultural Quality Control based on their grain yield results. For the comparison of the varieties the evaluation method of Eberhart and Russell (1966) improved by Bed ő and Balla (1977) was applied. According to this method the varieties can be divided into three groups. Varieties with special adaptability include intensive high-yielding varieties, the genetic potential of which, owing to their weak stress tolerance, can be exploited only at locations with better than average characteristics. The yield stability of winter wheat varieties with average adaptability is good. Their grain yield is generally close to the site average, but under more favourable circumstances it exceeds the average at most sites. Varieties with good adaptability usually have low genetic yielding capacity, but can adapt to extensive circumstances better than the intensive varieties.

scholarly journals Comparison of the alveographic qualification and the baking quality of winter wheat

2007 ◽  
pp. 294-302
Author(s):  
Árpád Tóth ◽  
Péter Sipos ◽  
Mária Borbély ◽  
Zoltán Győri
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Baking Quality ◽  
L Value ◽  
The University ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties ◽  
Research Institute

On the basis of the operative French regulations, we qualified the alveographic qualification and the valorigraphic qualification respectively for each of the 10-14 winter wheat varieties grown each year between 2002-2005, and used in a field experiment at the Karcag Research Institute of the University of Debrecen. The field experiment at the Látókép Research Institute of the University of Debrecen allowed us to examine the alveographic and valorigraphic values of the samples of GK Öthalom and Fatima 2 winter wheat varieties taken from an 8 year period (1997-1999 and 2001-2005).Throughout the experiments on samples from the Karcag Research Institute and Látókép Research Institute of the University of Debrecen, we tried to find whether the alveographic W value or the P/L value provides the safer method for the qualification of wheat samples, instead of the qualification commonly used in Hungary. We found that in terms of the samples from the Karcag Research Institute, the baking quality and the W value in each of the examined years, while in terms of the Látókép Research Institute, most of the years showed a close positive correlation, contrary to the close negative relationship between the baking quality and the P/L value. The correlation index varied depending on the year, the variety, and fertilizer doses, which require further examinations.

Edge and neighbour effects in cereal yield trials

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 731-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Austin ◽  
R. D. Blackwell
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Extreme Case ◽  
Separate Experiment ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Neighbour Effects ◽  
Yield Trials ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

SummaryIn two field experiments with winter wheat varieties, the grain yields per unit area calculated from entire plots 4·2 × 1·18 m were 25% greater than the yields of the centre row. This occurred mainly because the outer rows in the plots yielded 62% more than the centre row. When the yields were calculated on the basis of a plot width of 1·53 m (the distance from path centre to path centre across the long axis of a plot), it was estimated that they were 4% less than the yields of the centre rows. In the most extreme case when a short variety in a plot of this size was bordered by neighbours 70 cm taller, its yield, relative to that of the tall variety, was underestimated by 10–12%.A separate experiment showed that the greater yield from plants at the edges of plots was associated mainly with more ears.

Effects of differences in date of ear emergence and height on yield of winter wheat

1985 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Innes ◽  
J. Hoogendoorn ◽  
R. D. Blackwell
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Dwarfing Gene ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Plant Breeding Institute ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Crop Research ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

SUMMARYEarly and late, and short and tall lines were selected from a cross between the winter wheat varieties Norman and Talent. All short selections carried the Rht2 dwarfing gene while the tall ones did not. The selections were compared in field experiments at the Plant Breeding Institute in Trumpington and at The Murrays Experimental Farm of the Scottish Crop Research Institute near Pathhead. In one of the experiments at Trumpington the plots were automatically sheltered from rain and the effects of withholding water before anthesis and withholding water during grain filling were studied.In all trials the early selections gave grain yields equal to or greater than the late selections. There were no differences in number of ears/m2 or in number of grains per ear between the early and the late selections. Mean weight per grain of the early selections was greater than that of the late selections.The short selections gave grain yields equal to or greater than the tall selections, except when water was withheld during grain filling in the sheltered experiment. There were no differences in number of ears/m2 between the short and the tall selections. The number of grains per ear was greater and mean weight per grain was less for the short selections than for the tall selections.It is concluded that for general fitness to U.K. conditions, new varieties should be semi-dwarf, but earlier than current varieties.

An evaluation of F1 hybrid winter wheat genotypes produced using a chemical hybridizing agent

1989 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Morgan ◽  
R. B. Austin ◽  
Margaret A. Ford ◽  
J. Bingham ◽  
W. J. Angus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties ◽  
Chemical Hybridizing Agent

SummaryIn experiments harvested in 1985 and 1986 the grain yields of 61 F1 hybrids among winter wheat varieties and advanced breeding lines were 5·9% greater than the yields of the best parents. In a trial with 430 hybrids in 1986, the hybrids yielded 3·6% more grain than the best parents. Among these 430 hybrids heterosis for yield was greatest for those from the lowest yielding parents. This result is taken to indicate that among these genotypes most genes for high yield have been fixed in the highest yielding parents.The hybrids had slightly fewer ears/m2, but more grains per ear and heavier grains than the highest yielding parents. They yielded more straw as well as more grain.The results are compared with those from other studies and it is concluded that yield advantage of F1 hybrids so far tested is not generally sufficient to justify their introduction into U.K. agriculture.

scholarly journals Efficiency of Fertilization in Sustainable Wheat Production

2002 ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Péter Pepó
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Fertilizer Response ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Nitrogen Response ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Baking Quality ◽  
Long Term Experiments ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

In sustainable (wheat) production plant nutrition supply and fertilization play decisive roles among the agrotechnical elements, because of their direct and indirect effects on other agronomical factors.In long-term experiments, we studied the roles of agroecological, genetic-biological and agrotechnical factors in the nutrient supply, fertilization and its efficiency in wheat production under continental climatic conditions (eastern part of Hungary, Trans-Tisza) on chernozem soil. Our results have proved that there are different (positive and negative) interactions among ecological, biological, and agrotechnical elements of wheat production. These interaction effects could modify the nutrient demand, fertilizer (mainly nitrogen) response of wheat varieties and efficiency of fertilization in wheat production.The optimum N-doses (+PK) of wheat varieties varied from 60 kg ha-1 (+PK) to 120 kg ha-1 (+PK) depending on cropyears, agrotechnical elements and genotypes. The winter wheat varieties could be classified into 4 groups according to their fertilizer demand, natural and fertilizer utilization, fertilizer response and yield capacity.Appropriate fertilization (mainly N) of wheat could affect both the quantity and quality of the yield. By using optimum N (+PK) fertilizer doses, we could manifest genetically- coded baking quality traits of winter wheat varieties and reduce quality fluctuation caused by ecological and other management factors. The efficiency of fertilization on different baking quality parameters (wet-gluten, valorigraph index etc) were variety specific (the changes depended on genotypes).Our long-term experiments proved that appropriate fertilization provides optimum yield, good yield stability and excellent yield quality in sustainable wheat production. We could this get better agronomic and economic fertilization efficiency with less harmful environmental effects.

scholarly journals Reaction of selected winter wheat varieties to autumnal infection with Wheat dwarf virus

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Širlová ◽  
J. Vacke ◽  
M. Chaloupková
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Wheat Dwarf Virus ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
Das Elisa ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

The response of 25 registered winter wheat varieties to autumnal infection with Wheat dwarf virus (WDV) was studied in small plot trials in two years. The materials were infected by vectors, leafhopper Psammotettix alienus Dahlbom, 1851 from three-leaf stage to tillering. The symptoms expression was monitored in spring and plant height, weight of above ground biomass and grain yield were observed in summer. All tested varieties were evaluated as susceptible and divided into three groups: varieties Banquet and Svitava with 87.3–93.1% grain yield reduction as moderately susceptible, varieties Clever, Drifter, Niagara and Rialto with 95.6–97.68% grain yield reduction as susceptible and varieties Apache, Batis, Bill, Complet, Contra, Corsaire, Ludwig, Mladka, Nela, Record, Rheia, Semper, Sepstra, Solara, Sulamit, Tower, Trend, Vlasta and Winsdor with 99.7–100% grain yield reduction as very susceptible. Statistically significant differences were observed between moderately susceptible and susceptible varieties as well as very susceptible ones in absorbency values by means of DAS-ELISA.

scholarly journals Developments in breeding winter wheat for bread-baking quality in some north-western European countries.

1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-234
Author(s):  
J. Mesdag
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Federal Republic ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
German Federal Republic ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Baking Quality ◽  
The Past ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties ◽  
Kernel Yield

The subject is surveyed under the following headings: baking quality in France; development of kernel yield and baking quality during the past 35 years in France; breeding wheat with improved baking quality in Great Britain in the 20th century; improvement of kernel yield and baking quality of winter wheat varieties during the past 30 years in England and Wales; development of wheat quality during the past 100 years in pre-war Germany and the German Federal Republic; the combination of higher yield and better baking quality in winter wheat varieties during the past 50 years in pre-war Germany and the German Federal Republic; and breeding research on baking quality in the Netherlands in the present century. It is shown that, within periods of time, varieties with a high score for baking quality generally tend to have a low grain yield. However, from the data presented, it is concluded that high yield potential and good baking quality can be combined in one variety, although the result may be attained less rapidly than with breeding for yield alone. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

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