How Does Biased Technological Progress Affect Haze Pollution? Evidence from APEC Economies

Marginal Rate ◽

Marginal Rate Of Substitution ◽

Haze Pollution ◽

Productivity Theory

Abstract Biased technological progress is the act of energy conservation and emission reduction by changing the marginal rate of substitution. In this study, we introduced renewable energy into a production function, and proposed a method of identifying biased characteristics of technological progress, based on marginal productivity theory. A panel dataset for the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) economies from 2000-2017 was analyzed to explore the effect of biased technological progress in reducing particulate matter (PM2.5). We found that input biased technological progress tended to use more non-renewable energy. Input biased technological progress aggravated haze pollution; however, this effect decreased as the PM2.5 concentration increased. Output biased technological progress significantly reduced haze pollution in high-income economies, but increased it in low-income economies. The effect of neutral technological progress on haze pollution was the opposite of the effect from output biased technological progress. We also found that increasing renewable energy consumption and reducing energy intensity were separate effective paths for input and output biased technological progress, respectively, to mitigate haze pollution. For neutral technological progress, improving total factor productivity was an important way to mitigate haze pollution. Finally, several policy recommendations are proposed to mitigate haze pollution in APEC economies.

The Causality between Participation in GVCs, Renewable Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12031237 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 1237 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zhiheng Wu ◽

Guisheng Hou ◽

Baogui Xin

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Co2 Emissions ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Asia Pacific ◽

Pacific Region ◽

Asia Pacific Region ◽

Causal Impact ◽

Sub Saharan

Using the panel vector autoregressive (PVAR) model accompanied by the system-generalized method of moment (System-GMM) approach, this paper investigates the dynamic causality between participation in global value chains (GVCs), renewable energy consumption and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions throughout 1990–2015 for 172 countries. The results show that participation in GVCs negatively causes renewable energy consumption except for the Middle East and North America (MENA) and sub-Saharan Africa. Second, except for the Asia–Pacific region and globally, participation in GVCs has no causal impact on CO2 emissions, and participation in GVCs has a positive effect on CO2 emissions in the Asia–Pacific region and globally. Third, except for globally and sub-Saharan Africa, CO2 emissions have no causal impact on participation in GVCs; however, CO2 emissions hurt participation in GVCs globally and in the sub-Saharan African region. Forth, renewable energy consumption positively causes participation in GVCs in MENA, while renewable energy consumption does not cause participation in GVCs globally and in other regions. Fifth, there is no causality between CO2 emissions and renewable energy consumption both at the global and regional levels. Several policy implications are proposed and discussed for promoting participation in GVCs and improving the environment.

Renewable Energy Consumption and Local Environmental Effects for Economic Growth: The Role of Financial Development and Foreign Direct Investment

10.21203/rs.3.rs-641415/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Itbar khan ◽

lei han ◽

Hayat khan

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Renewable Energy ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Financial Development ◽

Environmental Quality ◽

Low Income ◽

Carbon Emission ◽

Middle Income ◽

Income Groups

Abstract The use of renewable energy improves environmental quality by reducing carbon emission and influence economics growth where carbon emission also effect economic growth of a country. The economic theory of tourism also indicates that tourism development enhance economic growth though spillovers as well contribute to climate change. The inflow of FDI and financial development enhance economic growth however its also effect environmental quality. Based on the ongoing debate, the present research trying attempts to explore the effect of CO2 emission and renewable energy consumption, FDI and financial development on economic growth in different income grouped countries to know whether these impacts are the same for the low income, middle income and high income countries on economic growth? Using panel data for high income, low income & middle income countries for the period of 1980–2018, the current study found that all variables effect economic growth significantly where FDI and carbon emission are positive while renewable energy consumption and financial development are negative for economic growth in the whole sample while its differ in the income groups. These studies have shown that these variables are not the same as the economic growth of economic growth and different income groups are not the same, but it changes. In addition, the foundation of this study has a great deal of recommendations for income Group economic decision make-up.

Renewable Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in Asia Pacific

10.31219/osf.io/wn569 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Pisi Bethania Titalessy

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Renewable Energy ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Alternative Energy ◽

Panel Data Analysis ◽

Environmentally Friendly ◽

Asia Pacific ◽

Environmental Damage ◽

The problem of climate change is increasingly global and results in environmental damage due to the use of fossil energy in human activities. An increasing population will make energy consumption increase and can make things worse. Therefore, it is necessary to replace old energy with alternative energy that is more environmentally friendly and makes productivity effective and efficient. Renewable energy is pointed out as an alternative energy source that is environmentally friendly and the process is sustainable because it is always available in nature. Renewable energy is expected to increase the country's national income. This study aims to analyze the impact of renewable energy on economic growth in the Asia Pacific region as a whole. By using data from 2000-2015, panel data analysis in this study shows that Renewable Energy Consumption (REC) has a negative and significant relationship to economic growth, while renewable energy and combustible waste (CRW) has a significant and positive effect on economic growth.

The role of interaction effect between renewable energy consumption and real income in carbon emissions: Evidence from low-income countries

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews ◽

10.1016/j.rser.2021.111883 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 154 ◽

pp. 111883

Author(s):

Kizito Uyi Ehigiamusoe ◽

Eyup Dogan

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Low Income ◽

Carbon Emissions ◽

Interaction Effect ◽

Real Income ◽

Low Income Countries ◽

Renewable Energy Consumption

Renewable Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in Asia Pacific

Journal of Economics and Business ◽

10.31014/aior.1992.04.02.362 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Pisi Bethania Titalessy ◽

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Renewable Energy ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Alternative Energy ◽

Panel Data Analysis ◽

Environmentally Friendly ◽

Asia Pacific ◽

Environmental Damage ◽

Forest Conservation and Renewable Energy Consumption: An ARDL Approach

Forests ◽

10.3390/f12020255 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 255

Author(s):

Pablo Ponce ◽

María de la Cruz Del Río-Rama ◽

José Álvarez-García ◽

Cristiana Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Low Income ◽

Forest Cover ◽

Clean Energy ◽

Causal Link ◽

Forest Area ◽

Low Income Countries ◽

Renewable Energy Consumption

Deforestation shows the constant environmental degradation that occurs worldwide as a result of the growth of economic activity and the increase in population. This research examines the causal link between renewable energy consumption, GDP, GDP2, non-renewable energy price, population growth and forest area in high, middle- and low-income countries. Based on data obtained from World Development Indicators, the autoregressive distributed lag model, with a time series, is used to examine the long-term cointegration relationship between the variables. The results justify the existence of a joint long-term relationship between the variables analysed for the middle-income countries and low-income countries. When the forest area is not at its equilibrium level, the speed of adjustment is slow (0.44% and 8.7%), which is typical of the nature of this natural resource. An increase in the consumption of renewable energy is associated with an increase between 0.04 and 0.02 square kilometres of forest cover, respectively. The research does not show evidence about the equilibrium relationship in the short term. Growth in renewable energy consumption is one of the main drivers for preserving the forest area. Therefore, those responsible for making economic policies must aim their measures towards the use of clean energy.

Institutions, renewable energy consumption and industrial performance in West Africa

10.21203/rs.3.rs-81351/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Felix Awara Eke ◽

Friday Bassey Agala ◽

Chukwuedo Susan Oburota

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

West Africa ◽

Low Income ◽

Standard Error ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Institutional Quality ◽

Industrial Performance ◽

Abstract This study examined the role of institutions in modifying the impact of renewable energy consumption on industrial performance in West Africa, and how the relationship differ across countries within the sub region based on income classification. The Driscoll-Kraay standard error and the panel-corrected standard error (PCSE) techniques were utilized to estimate the fixed effects and random effects models, respectively. Institutional quality index was computed using the principal component analysis (PCA). The results reported that renewable energy consumption enhances industrial performance in West Africa and in low-income countries (LICs). However, when institutional quality is interacted with renewable energy consumption, there is a dampening impact on industrial performance not only in West Africa but also in lower-middle-income countries (LMICs). This implies that improving the quality of institutions in West Africa would be instrumental to sustaining and deepening the impact of renewable energy consumption on industrial performance.JEL ClassificationC33, L60, Q40.

Comparing the values of economic, ecological and population indicators in High- and Low-Income Economies

Economy of region ◽

10.17059/ekon.reg.2021-1-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 72-85

Author(s):

Ernest Ali Baba ◽

Bismark Amfo

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Granger Causality ◽

Co2 Emissions ◽

Low Income ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Wald Test ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The quest to achieve economic development worldwide has increased carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, which could vary in high- and low-income economies due to differences in economic activities. Using empirical evidence from the panel data for the period 1960–2018 obtained from the World Bank, we investigate differences in the impact of population, gross domestic product (GDP), and renewable energy on CO2 emissions in high- and low-income economies. For that purpose, we applied the Pesaran cross-sectional dependence test (for cross-sectional dependence), Levin-Lin-Chu unit root test (for Unit roots), Granger causality Wald test (for the possibility of Granger causality among the variables), fixed-effects and random-effects regressions. We established that population, GDP and energy consumption considerably influence CO2 emissions. Results of the Granger causality Wald test, fixed-effects and random-effects regressions clearly demonstrated that growth in population and GDP directly correlates with CO2 emissions in high- and low-income economies, while renewable energy consumption has an indirect correlation. While there are no differences in terms of directions, we revealed differences in the magnitude in high- and low-income economies. The impact of population and renewable energy consumption on CO2 emissions in low-income economies is greater than that of high-income economies. The impact of GDP on CO2 emissions is greater in high-income economies than in low-income economies. Thus, to reduce CO2 emissions, policy makers should promote low carbon emission economic activities and implement population control measures.