scholarly journals Evaluation of Existing And Future Zero Waste Approach in Municipal Solid Waste Management Utilizing the Zero Waste Index: Bali Province, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Made Wahyu Widyarsana ◽  
Radhitiya Al Furqan ◽  
Moehammad Budhicahyanto ◽  
Dianisti Saraswati ◽  
Nabila Nurfajri
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Basic Data ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Zero Waste ◽  
Energy Substitution ◽  
Waste Index

Abstract The World Bank reported that around 1.3 billion tonnes of municipal waste were generated in 2011, and this amount is expected to increase to 2.2 billion tonnes by 2025. Zero Waste Index (ZWI) is a breakthrough for measuring and evaluating waste management's performance based on the concept of zero waste, where recycling is the key to determining this value. This study was conducted in a province in a developing country, namely Bali Province, Indonesia. The calculation of ZWI and energy substitution from waste management is carried out on two schemes, an optimistic scheme (basic data and percentage of waste management targets referring to the regional policy and strategy documents) and a pessimistic scheme (basic data refers to material flow analysis of waste with no increase in the percentage of waste management) from 2020 to 2025. Energy substitution is calculated on two conditions of use, namely through incinerator technology (listed in Indonesia Presidential Regulation No. 35 of 2018) and without incinerators at the Sarbagita Regional Landfill. Analysis indicated that the pessimistic scheme provides a higher ZWI value of Bali Province in 2020 than the optimistic scheme, but there is no increase in the ZWI value until 2025 (the ZWI value ranges from 0.02 to 0.2) due to no increase in the percentage of solid waste management. Meanwhile, the optimistic scheme provides a lower ZWI value for Bali's Province in 2020 than the pessimistic scheme, but there is an increase in the ZWI value every year until 2025 (the ZWI value ranges from 0.004 to 0.22). In terms of energy substitution, an optimistic scheme provides energy substitution values ​​2-5 times greater than pessimistic schemes, with and without incinerators. However, in terms of the incinerator efficiency, the pessimistic scheme provides greater efficiency (2-6% efficiency when using an incinerator) than the optimistic scheme (1-2% efficiency when using an incinerator). The 3R (Reuse, Reduce, Recycle)-based waste management and high energy substitution potential in Bali Province can be an effective waste management solution if the stakeholders are committed to achieve the Jakstrada targets by 2025.

Data uncertainties in material flow analysis: Municipal solid waste management system in Maputo City, Mozambique

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leticia Sarmento dos Muchangos ◽  
Akihiro Tokai ◽  
Atsuko Hanashima
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Material Flow ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Material Flow Analysis ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Maputo City

Material flow analysis can effectively trace and quantify the flows and stocks of materials such as solid wastes in urban environments. However, the integrity of material flow analysis results is compromised by data uncertainties, an occurrence that is particularly acute in low-and-middle-income study contexts. This article investigates the uncertainties in the input data and their effects in a material flow analysis study of municipal solid waste management in Maputo City, the capital of Mozambique. The analysis is based on data collected in 2007 and 2014. Initially, the uncertainties and their ranges were identified by the data classification model of Hedbrant and Sörme, followed by the application of sensitivity analysis. The average lower and upper bounds were 29% and 71%, respectively, in 2007, increasing to 41% and 96%, respectively, in 2014. This indicates higher data quality in 2007 than in 2014. Results also show that not only data are partially missing from the established flows such as waste generation to final disposal, but also that they are limited and inconsistent in emerging flows and processes such as waste generation to material recovery (hence the wider variation in the 2014 parameters). The sensitivity analysis further clarified the most influencing parameter and the degree of influence of each parameter on the waste flows and the interrelations among the parameters. The findings highlight the need for an integrated municipal solid waste management approach to avoid transferring or worsening the negative impacts among the parameters and flows.

scholarly journals Evaluation of solid waste management at campus using the “Zero Waste Index”: The case on campus of Islamic University of Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 02004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasam ◽  
Fajri Mulya Iresha ◽  
Satrio Ajie Prasojo
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Virgin Material ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Material Substitution ◽  
Zero Waste ◽  
Waste Index ◽  
The Impact

Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning (FCEP) Islamic University of Indonesia (UII) after doing zero waste program which has been going on September 2016. Zero waste concept are needed to measure how far the ability virgin material substitution to balance with the system of zero waste. The aims of this research is to calculate zero waste index (ZWI) value, to know the impact of zero waste index, and to give the solution for zero waste program. The location was doing in FCEP UII Campus. The method of sampling was using for this research is refers to SNI 19-3964-1994 about to calculate waste generation of residential. The result shows value of zero waste index at FCEP UII are 0,26. FCEP UII reuse 134,19 kg waste of total 516,37 kg waste that has been produced. The waste that has been reuse is organic waste 87,93 kg, plastic waste 21,49 kg, and paper waste 24,77 kg. 80,10% FCEP peoples already know about zero waste program at FCEP UII. 98,90% of FCEP peoples, was agree with waste segregate, and 57,50% FCEP peoples are don’t know that waste from FCEP have been manage. Although as many as 29% of element campus do not understand about the zero waste program but the majority of them support the program.

Application of material flow analysis for the assessment of current municipal solid waste management in Karachi, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2110004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiza Aslam ◽  
Faizan Ali ◽  
Amna Naseer ◽  
Zeshan Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Material Flow ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Material Flow Analysis ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Material Recovery

This article assesses the status of the solid waste management system (SWMS) in Karachi, the largest city of Pakistan, using the material flow analysis approach, a widely applied method in waste management (WM) studies. It involves a systematic assessment of the material flows of solid waste under the current WM system. A material flow diagram is developed to visualize the input and output waste flows. This study shows the quantification and identification of municipal solid waste (MSW) flow for the year 2019, from the point of generation to the end-use and disposal. Results show that the MSW generation increased from 10,435 to 15,600 metric tonnes per day (TPD) between 2017 to 2019. Approximately, 75% of the waste generated is collected: formally (50%); and informally (25%). The material recovery is low, accounting for only 26.28% of the total waste. There is no official material recovery and recycling facility. Therefore, material recovery solely depends on the informal sector. Results show that 70% of the daily waste ends up in landfills, which is 3120 TPD more than the formally collected waste. This estimated waste of 3120 TPD flows in either due to disposal activities of the backlogged waste or informally collected waste. Overall, Karachi’s SWMS performs poorly with a significant need for improvement. This study recommends adopting integrated WM approaches and inclusion of the informal sector to ensure the affordability and sustainability of the WM system.

Alternative strategies towards a sustainable municipal solid waste management system: A case study in Cairo

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 995-1006
Author(s):  
Sarah ElSaid ◽  
El Houssaine Aghezzaf
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Management System ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Waste Management System ◽  
The Status

Major cities in transitional and developing countries are facing the ever-growing challenge of managing solid waste in a sustainable manner. While a variety of treatments exist for solid waste, cities are in need of a sustainable integrated municipal solid waste management (MSWM) system. Such a system is meant to assist them in selecting and investing in an appropriate combination of treatments for the waste they generate, depending on the composition and quantity of this waste. This study presents a systems analysis of the MSWM in Cairo. A constrained non-linear mathematical model is developed to represent an underlying model of a MSWM system, with six waste material flows (cardboard and paper, plastics, metals, glass, organic material, and others). The developed model depicts combinations of five treatment alternatives (composting, anaerobic digestion, mechanical biological treatment, incineration, and landfilling). The treatment methods and their capacity are determined by the model, indicating possible optimal design solutions and recommendations. Starting with an evaluation of the status quo of the MSWM system in Cairo, the paper proposes a staged strategy, involving investigating improvements to the current mixed-waste management system, then exploring the possibility of introducing at-source waste sorting. The environmental and economic implications of different scenarios are analyzed and compared. A material flow analysis, including input data uncertainties, is also conducted by applying substance flow analysis. This analysis shows the difference between the status quo and the proposed improved solutions for diverting waste from landfills and, thus, decreasing carbon dioxide emissions.

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