The Association Between Dietary Salt Intake and the Glycaemia Response Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Eastern China

Abstract BackgroundType 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of public health concerns in China with a rapid increase in prevalence. The study on salt intake and risk of T2D is still lack in China.AimsTo investigate the association between dietary salt intake levels and the glycaemia response of T2D.MethodsA total of 1145 T2D patients, who accepted standardized management by the National Standardized Metabolic Disease Management Center at Ningbo First Hospital from March 2018 to January 2020, were selected in the final analysis. Demography, lifestyle and medical information were collected through questionnaires. Anthropometry, blood pressure and biomarkers were measured by well-trained endocrinology nurses. Generalized linear models (GLM) were used to examine the association.ResultsHigher prevalence of overweight and central obesity with larger BMI and waist circumference were found in higher salt categories 6-8g/d and ≥8g/d, compared to lower salt categories. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2h postprandial plasma glucose, 2h postprandial insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly different across salt intake categories. GLM further shows that salt intake 6-8g/d and ≥8g/d were positively associated with FPG and salt intake 6-8g/d and ≥8g/ d was associated with HbA1c.ConclusionIncreasing salt intake is suggested to be associated with the glycaemia response at the fasting state in T2D patients. Hospital-based education is needed for improvement of awareness, attitude and action on restriction of salt consumption.

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Association between dietary salt and plasma glucose, insulin and hemoglobin A1C levels among type 2 diabetes patients in Eastern China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-924532/v2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yi Lin ◽

Kaushik ◽

Xi Yang ◽

Jia-Lin Li ◽

Yan-Shu Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Generalized Linear Models ◽

Plasma Glucose ◽

Hemoglobin A1c ◽

Linear Models ◽

Salt Intake ◽

Eastern China ◽

Dietary Salt ◽

Dietary Salt Intake

Abstract Purpose Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the major public health concerns in China. Studies on the association between dietary salt intake and the glycaemia response of T2D are lacking in China. The aim was to investigate the association between the levels of dietary salt intake and the plasma glucose, insulin and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in T2D patients. Methods Patients with T2D, who accepted management and treatment by the National Standardized Metabolic Disease Management Center at Ningbo First Hospital from March 2018 to January 2020, were included in this study. Dietary salt was collected through a standardized food frequent questionnaire. Anthropometry, blood pressure and biomarkers were measured by well-trained endocrinology nurses. Generalized linear models (GLM) were used to examine the association. Results A total of 1145 eligible T2D patients with the mean age of 51.4 years were included in the study. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2h postprandial plasma glucose and 2h postprandial insulin, were significantly increased across dietary salt categories. Generalized linear models further showed that dietary salt > 8g/d were positively associated with FPG and HbA1c. Conclusion Higher daily salt intake was found to be associated with FPG and HbA1c in T2D patients. Lifestyle education and promotion on salt reduction should be provided to T2D patients.

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Association between dietary salt and plasma glucose, insulin and hemoglobin A1C levels among type 2 diabetes patients in Eastern China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-96005/v2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yi Lin ◽

Kaushik Chattopadhyay ◽

Xi Yang ◽

Jia-Lin Li ◽

Yan-Shu Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Generalized Linear Models ◽

Plasma Glucose ◽

Hemoglobin A1c ◽

Linear Models ◽

Salt Intake ◽

Eastern China ◽

Dietary Salt ◽

Dietary Salt Intake

Abstract Purpose: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the major public health concerns in China. Studies on the association between dietary salt intake and the glycaemia response of T2D are lacking in China. The aim was to investigate the association between the levels of dietary salt intake and the plasma glucose, insulin and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in T2D patients.Methods: Patients with T2D, who accepted management and treatment by the National Standardized Metabolic Disease Management Center at Ningbo First Hospital from March 2018 to January 2020, were included in this study. Dietary salt was collected through a standardized food frequent questionnaire. Anthropometry, blood pressure and biomarkers were measured by well-trained endocrinology nurses. Generalized linear models (GLM) were used to examine the association.Results: A total of 1145 eligible T2D patients with the mean age of 51.4 years were included in the study. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2h postprandial plasma glucose and 2h postprandial insulin, were significantly increased across dietary salt categories. Generalized linear models further showed that dietary salt >8g/d were positively associated with FPG and HbA1c.Conclusion: Higher daily salt intake was found to be associated with FPG and HbA1c in T2D patients. Lifestyle education and promotion on salt reduction should be provided to T2D patients.

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Association between dietary salt and plasma glucose, insulin and hemoglobin A1C levels among type 2 diabetes patients in Eastern China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-924532/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yi Lin ◽

Kaushik ◽

Xi Yang ◽

Jia-Lin Li ◽

Yan-Shu Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Generalized Linear Models ◽

Plasma Glucose ◽

Hemoglobin A1c ◽

Linear Models ◽

Salt Intake ◽

Eastern China ◽

Dietary Salt ◽

Dietary Salt Intake

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Links between dietary salt intake, renal salt handling, blood pressure, and cardiovascular diseases.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.717955767.793460736 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Hans Oberleithner

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Salt Intake ◽

Dietary Salt ◽

Dietary Salt Intake

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The Effects of Different Kinds of Nutrition and Functional Foods on Multiple Sclerosis

Current Nutrition & Food Science ◽

10.2174/1573401316666200129115858 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. 632-637

Author(s):

Masih Falahatian

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Functional Foods ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Salt Intake ◽

Vegetable Intake ◽

Dietary Salt ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Dietary Salt Intake ◽

Neuroinflammatory Disease ◽

The Central Nervous System

It is an assumption that different kinds of nutrition, diet, and functional foods might have different positive or negative effects on multiple sclerosis (MS), a neuroinflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS). This brief paper involved a study on various kinds of nutrition including salt, fat, dairy, fruit, and vegetables. At the end of this study, appropriate diets were evaluated for MS patients. Based on previous studies both on animal models and on MS patients, excessive dietary salt intake and animal fat had worsening effects on MS patients but fruit and vegetable intake helped the remission of MS and decreased the risk of developing it. There were, of course, conflicting results in different studies over the role of some nutrition in MS and future studies on larger numbers of cases were required to collect reliable results. As a result, at the end of this study and based on literature, it is suggested that a diet should be programmed by nutritionists containing fewer salt, fat, and dairy intake and more fruits and vegetables for MS patients in order to better management of the disease.

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