Development of Antibiogram for Evaluation of Antibiotic Resistance Pattern in Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital: a Cross Sectional Study

Background: Antimicrobial resistance threatens the effective prevention and treatment of increasing number of cases of antibiotic resistance worldwide. So there is need of effective implementation of the treatment strategy to rationalize the antimicrobial use in the treatment of infectious disease. So the present study is aims to attempts to find the local antibiotic resistance, various microorganism responsible for infection using the antibiogram in the tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out to check the Antibiotic resistance pattern based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria at Parul Sevasharam Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat. Total 150 patients were included in study, culture sensitivity test and bacterial identification was done as per the microbiology department standard guidelines. Patient’s data regarding to demographic details, culture sensitivity test results and prescribed antibiotics was collected for 6 months’ duration from October 2019 to March 2020. Results: Total 150 samples were collected throughout the study period of six months in the various departments in the hospital. The main finding of our study,greater resistance found in Ceftriaxone (78%), Meropenem (71%), Azithromycin (66%), linezolid (66%), Amoxicillin+clavulanic acid (63%), Ciprofloxacin (56%) of patients in these antibiotics. Greater susceptibility was found in Clindamycin (75%), Amikacin (65%), Piperacilline+tazobactum (62%), Cefoperazone (48%), ciprofloxacin (44%) of the patients. During our study, 20 antibiotics were commonly prescribed out of which ceftriaxone was most commonly prescribed in our study and which was found to most resistant in patient population. The most common bacteria identified in our study was gram negative bacteria in that E. Coli, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and KlebseillaPneuminiae was most commonly isolated.Conclusion: This study shows that there is increasing cases of antibiotic resistance identified in the hospital. Ceftriaxone is found to be most resistant in our study. So there is need of effective treatment strategies and use of antibiogram to find out the local antibiotic resistance pattern and to develop antibiotic policy for the safe use of antibiotic which is helpful for to reduce the antibiotic resistance.