scholarly journals Effect of Direct Transcranial Stimulation by Continuous Current (Tdcs) in “Kiss Nightclub Fire” Patients with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Phase II Controlled Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathy Aleixo dos Santos Marcolin ◽  
Ângelo Batista Miralha Cunha ◽  
Beatriz Capparros Yoneyama ◽  
Tiango Aguiar Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
High Severity ◽  
Post Traumatic

Abstract BackgroundVictims of disasters can develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in 30-40% of cases. Application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) shown promising results in PTDS. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) similar to rTMS, which is a neuromodulation technique, has shown promise in treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.MethodA clinical trial conducted from March/2015-July-2016 in “KISS nightclub fire” disaster patients diagnosed with PTSD without complete remission of symptoms, over 18-years and who maintained pharmacological treatment. Electrodes positioned as cathode (right DLPFC) and extra-cephalic anode (contralateral deltoid muscle.) A current of 2mA used for 25cm² area (0.08mA/cm² current density) 30min once a day, for 10 continuous days. Patients were assessed pre-intervention, post-intervention, 30-days’ and 90-days’ post-intervention. PTSD Checklist-Civilian version (PCL-C); Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA); Hamilton Depression and Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-D and HAM-A) were used.Results145 subjects were initially screened and eight analysed. 87,5% were female. 30.88±7.74 years were the mean age (ranging 23-44). post-intervention results demonstrate: no cognitive impairment (MoCA); 60% reduction in HAM-D scale (patients diagnose as moderate depression turns normal diagnosis) (p <0.001); 54.39% reduction in HAM-A scale (moderate to severe symptoms of anxiety patients turns mild symptoms) (p<0.001) and 20% decrease in PCL-C scale values (patients with high severity symptoms of PTSD turns moderate to moderately high severity symptoms) (p<0.001). Improvement in PTSD symptoms were maintained 30-days post-intervention (PCL-C, p= 0.025) and improvement in symptoms of depression (HAM-D, p=0.006) and anxiety (HAM-A, p= 0.028) in 90-days post-intervention.ConclusionDespite decrease over time, this improvement in PTSD, depression and anxiety symptoms was maintained throughout the first month after treatment. tDCS adjuvant can be an alternative treatment to refractory PTSD, either as a monotherapy or as a treatment enhancement strategy. They can also be an option for patients who do not want or do not tolerate pharmacological management.RBR-2qpv74b, 01/07/2021, “retrospectively registered” 03/03/2015.

scholarly journals Broken Heartstrings—Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Psychological Burden after Acute Mitral Regurgitation Due to Chordae Tendineae Rupture

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 4048
Author(s):  
Anna Cranz ◽  
Anja Greinacher ◽  
Ede Nagy ◽  
Hans-Christoph Friederich ◽  
Hugo A. Katus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Chordae Tendineae ◽  
Myocardial Infraction ◽  
Acute Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Post Traumatic

Chordae tendineae rupture (CTR) is a potentially life-threatening cardiac event often resulting in Acute mitral regurgitation (AMR). We assessed Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety symptoms in n=21 CTR patients with AMR (age 82.3 ± 4.2 years; 66.7% men) and compared them to n=23 CTR patients with Chronic mitral regurgitation (CMR) and n=35 Myocardial infraction (MI) patients. Regression analyses revealed that PTSD scores were significantly higher in CTR patients with AMR than in CTR patients with CMR or MI patients. CTR patients with CMR had the lowest levels of PTSD-symptoms. Depression and anxiety scores were elevated across all three groups. Our results suggest that psychosocial factors need to be considered in CTR patients’ care.

Post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety in adult Syrian refugees: What do we know?

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 677-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma k. Peconga ◽  
Marie Høgh Thøgersen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

Background: The crisis in Syria has resulted in vast numbers of refugees seeking asylum in Syria’s neighboring countries and Europe. Refugees are at considerable risk of developing common mental disorders, including depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Since the war, no systematic review has been conducted regarding the prevalence of these in the Syrian refugee group. Research is needed to develop strategies to improve the integration of Syrian refugees. Objective: This study provides a systematic review of peer-reviewed articles that feature originally collected data regarding the prevalence of post-traumatic stress, depression, and anxiety in adult Syrian refugees. Methods: The authors searched online databases (PsychInfo, PubMed, PILOTS) for peer-reviewed articles that used validated screening tools to provide mental health prevalence rate estimates in adult Syrian refugees. This article explores potential sources of heterogeneity, including individual risk factors such as demographic and environmental variables. Results: In total, 15 eligible studies provided cross-sectional data for 8176 adult Syrian refugees resettled in 10 countries, with significant variation in assessment and sampling methods. Combined, these studies indicate prevalence rates of 43.0% (range: 23.4–83.4%) for post-traumatic stress, 40.9% (range: 20–44.1%) for depression, and 26.6% (range: 19.30–31.8%) for anxiety morbidity in adult Syrian refugees. Larger and more rigorous surveys reported similar prevalence rates to studies with less rigorous designs, but vast heterogeneity in prevalence of morbidity persisted among all. Conclusions: Syrian refugees could be over 10 times more likely to develop post-traumatic stress and other disorders than the general population. Although there are limitations when comparing studies with different research methodologies, the results of this study suggest increased focus on adequate mental health support is necessary.

Characterizing the effects of sertraline in post-traumatic stress disorder

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. T. DAVIDSON ◽  
L. R. LANDERMAN ◽  
G. M. FARFEL ◽  
C. M. CLARY
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Emotional Upset ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Spectrum Effect

Background. Sertraline has a proved efficacy in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but it is unknown which symptoms respond or in what sequence this occurs. Such information might be useful clinically and heuristically.Method. The study examined the effects of sertraline on the individual symptoms of PTSD. It also examined whether early changes in anger explained drug-induced change in other symptoms over time. Mixed models analysis was applied to datasets from two 12-week placebo-controlled trials of sertraline. A validated self-rating scale (DTS) was used to assess treatment efficacy.Results. Sertraline was superior to placebo on 15 of 17 symptoms, especially in the numbing and hyperarousal clusters. A strong effect was found on anger from week 1, which partly explained the subsequent effects of sertraline on other symptoms, some of which began to show significantly greater response to drug than to placebo at week 6 (emotional upset at reminders, anhedonia, detachment, numbness, hypervigilance) and week 10 (avoidance of activities, foreshortened future).Conclusions. Sertraline exercises a broad spectrum effect in PTSD. Effects are more apparent on the psychological rather than somatic symptoms of PTSD, with an early modulation of anger and, perhaps, other affects, preceding improvement in other symptoms.

Assessment of a new self-rating scale for post-traumatic stress disorder

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. T. DAVIDSON ◽  
S. W. BOOK ◽  
J. T. COLKET ◽  
L. A. TUPLER ◽  
S. ROTH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Self Rating ◽  
Post Traumatic

Background. In post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) there is a need for self-rating scales that are sensitive to treatment effects and have been tested in a broad range of trauma survivors. Separate measures of frequency and severity may also provide an advantage.Methods. Three hundred and fifty-three men and women completed the Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS), a 17-item scale measuring each DSM-IV symptom of PTSD on 5-point frequency and severity scales. These subjects comprised war veterans, survivors of rape or hurricane and a mixed trauma group participating in a clinical trial. Other scales were included as validity checks as follows: Global ratings, SCL-90-R, Eysenck Scale, Impact of Event Scale and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R.Results. The scale demonstrated good test–retest reliability (r = 0·86), internal consistency (r = 0·99). One main factor emerged for severity and a smaller one for intrusion. In PTSD diagnosed subjects, and the factor structure more closely resembled the traditional grouping of symptoms. Concurrent validity was obtained against the SCID, with a diagnostic accuracy of 83% at a DTS score of 40. Good convergent and divergent validity was obtained. The DTS showed predictive validity against response to treatment, as well as being sensitive to treatment effects.Conclusions. The DTS showed good reliability and validity, and offers promised as a scale which is particularly suited to assessing symptom severity, treatment outcome and in screening for the likely diagnosis of PTSD.

Post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety among Gaza Strip adolescents in the wake of the second Uprising (Intifada)

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 719-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman Elbedour ◽  
Anthony J. Onwuegbuzie ◽  
Jess Ghannam ◽  
Janine A. Whitcome ◽  
Fadel Abu Hein
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic
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