Abstract. The shores of seas, lakes, bays and reservoirs under the action of wind waves, drifting level ice, rainwater, wind erosion and other factors are subject to intensive destruction. As a result of this, the areas of valuable agricultural land and other lands are reduced. The destruction of the coasts is accompanied by landslides, which reduce the area of settlements where residential buildings, urban buildings, industrial enterprises, park areas, roads and other communications are located. In such cases there is a need for the construction of special protection structures, which will protect coasts from destruction. There are two methods of coastal protection ‒ active and passive. Experience in coastal protection shows, that in many cases, these methods can be successful when applied jointly. The types of structures of shore protection structures are diverse. Therefore, the main task of designers is to choose the most optimal of them, taking into account the climatic, hydrological and engineering-geological conditions of the region construction. The aim of this work is to create a progressive method of construction of shore protection structures on shallow shores of the seas and in shallow reservoirs. This paper considers the existing and innovative designs of shore protection structures made of various materials, the conditions of their use and technical and economic characteristics are analyzed. Based on the analysis, a progressive method of construction of shore protection structures from gabions is proposed. The using of the proposed method for the construction of shore protection structures from a box type gabion will speed up the construction process of such structures, as well as reduce the volume of material at the base, which will lead to a significant reduction in the cost of construction. The mass of gabions in each project should be determined on the parameters of the waves of the design storm in accordance to the recommendations of standards.
Shore Protection Structures Increase and Evolution on the Northern Tuscany Coast (Italy): Influence of Tourism Industry
