scholarly journals METHOD FOR ESTABLISHING SHORE PROTECTION STRUCTURES FROM GABION

2020 ◽  
pp. 84-92
Author(s):  
S.I. Rogachko ◽  
◽  
H.V. Slobodianyk ◽  
N.B. Dolinskaya ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Wind Waves ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Shore Protection ◽  
Progressive Method ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Protection Structures

Abstract. The shores of seas, lakes, bays and reservoirs under the action of wind waves, drifting level ice, rainwater, wind erosion and other factors are subject to intensive destruction. As a result of this, the areas of valuable agricultural land and other lands are reduced. The destruction of the coasts is accompanied by landslides, which reduce the area of settlements where residential buildings, urban buildings, industrial enterprises, park areas, roads and other communications are located. In such cases there is a need for the construction of special protection structures, which will protect coasts from destruction. There are two methods of coastal protection ‒ active and passive. Experience in coastal protection shows, that in many cases, these methods can be successful when applied jointly. The types of structures of shore protection structures are diverse. Therefore, the main task of designers is to choose the most optimal of them, taking into account the climatic, hydrological and engineering-geological conditions of the region construction. The aim of this work is to create a progressive method of construction of shore protection structures on shallow shores of the seas and in shallow reservoirs. This paper considers the existing and innovative designs of shore protection structures made of various materials, the conditions of their use and technical and economic characteristics are analyzed. Based on the analysis, a progressive method of construction of shore protection structures from gabions is proposed. The using of the proposed method for the construction of shore protection structures from a box type gabion will speed up the construction process of such structures, as well as reduce the volume of material at the base, which will lead to a significant reduction in the cost of construction. The mass of gabions in each project should be determined on the parameters of the waves of the design storm in accordance to the recommendations of standards.

Bank protection structures of the cascade of water reservoirs of the Vilia-Minsk water system

2019 ◽  
pp. 48-58
Keyword(s):  
Wind Waves ◽  
Water System ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Shore Protection ◽  
Current State ◽  
National University ◽  
Protection Structures

The data of field studies of shore protection structures in the reservoirs of the Vilia-Minsk water system are given, the current state of various types of fastenings is assessed with the reasons for their destruction and the extent of deformation. The article presents the results of field observations of coastal shelter-type structures. It is shown that the most common anchorages of banks and slopes is to protect the surface of slopes in the form of reinforced monolithic or precast slabs. It is determined that the deformations of the slope anchorages are most often represented by the opening of inter-tile construction, temperature and sedimentary seams (the opening width is registered to 0.35 m) which develop under the complex influence of wind waves, fluctuations in levels and other factors. Subsequently, the deformation of the exposed seams lead to the destruction of the attachment. Experimentally, on the basis of physical modeling of deformations of slopes made in the hydrotechnical laboratory of the Belarusian National University on models of soil supporting structures protected by reinforced concrete fastening, it was established that as a result of opening the seams of the plates, the sand-gravel preparation and the formation of sinuses and niches in the body of the support structure occur , which leads to significant processing of the ground slope. The coastal protection structures of the active type in the form of laid and beach slopes are considered. The dependencies on the calculation of slope deformations are obtained on the basis of a generalization of the data of field observations.

scholarly journals Slope Protection Structures at Water Reservoirs in Belarus and Causes of their Deformations

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 478-488
Author(s):  
V. E. Levkevich
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Wind Waves ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Water Reservoirs ◽  
Retaining Structures ◽  
Site Investigations ◽  
Bank Stabilization ◽  
Opening Width ◽  
Protection Structures

Assessment of the current state in respect of various bank stabilization with identification of causes of their destruction and deformation scale has been carried out on the basis of the survey pertaining to coastal protection structures in more than 100 reservoirs of the country. The paper presents results of field observations on bank slope protection structures which are used at water reservoirs in Belarus. It has been established that the most common protection of banks and slopes is strengthening in the form of reinforced concrete monolithic or prefabricated slabs. It has been determined that deformations of slope protection are represented by opening of tile-to-tile construction, temperature and settlement joints (it has been recorded opening width of 0.35 m) which develop under a complex impact of wind waves, fluctuations in levels and other factors. Subsequently deformations of exposed joints lead to destruction of the protection. Value of slope deformations reaches in some cases rather significant extent: linear processing (destruction) of slopes – up to 24.20 m; volume of erosion – up to 4.25 m3/m running. Physical modeling of slope deformations carried out at a hydro-technical laboratory of the Belarusian National Technical University while using models of ground retaining structures protected by reinforced concrete strengthening with various opening width of joints has allowed to determine dynamics and scope of slope deformations due to the influence of wave and level regimes having various parameters. Data of on-site investigations on protection have made it possible to assess the state of slope paving for various operational periods of retaining structures. The paper presents reasons and factors that affect the protection stability. The results of on-site and laboratory investigations on protection stability have permitted to determine that the following reasons influence on the development of deformations: presence of objective inaccuracies and assumptions in the accepted calculated design schemes and dependencies for determination of protection parameters; lack of completeness in registration of conditions for wave formation and level regime of reservoirs; initial data and survey materials do not always provide true information about ground conditions for construction of bank protection facility; technological deviations while constructing structures and their protection. It has been ascertained that one of the characteristics determining a dynamic stability of banks and slopes in structures under conditions of the reservoirs in Belarus along with the above reasons is a composition of the eroded soil characterized, in particular, by a inhomogeneity coefficient of loose soil. A self-pavement effect identified during the study of protection stability and formed during destruction of a bank composed of loose soils with increased heterogeneity has made it possible to propose a method for protecting slopes and banks. On-site investigations and laboratory experiments have permitted to obtain empirical relationships for calculation of dynamic equilibrium profile with self-pavement of two types. The paper provides a calculation for combined slope protection consisting of rockfill and synthetic filter materials of increased strength.

scholarly journals Resilience from coastal protection

2015 ◽  
Vol 373 (2053) ◽  
pp. 20140383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley C. Ewing
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Coastal Hazards ◽  
Community Safety ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Shore Protection ◽  
Coastal Community ◽  
Effective Community ◽  
Key Aspects

Coastal areas are important residential, commercial and industrial areas; but coastal hazards can pose significant threats to these areas. Shoreline/coastal protection elements, both built structures such as breakwaters, seawalls and revetments, as well as natural features such as beaches, reefs and wetlands, are regular features of a coastal community and are important for community safety and development. These protection structures provide a range of resilience to coastal communities. During and after disasters, they help to minimize damages and support recovery; during non-disaster times, the values from shoreline elements shift from the narrow focus on protection. Most coastal communities have limited land and resources and few can dedicate scarce resources solely for protection. Values from shore protection can and should expand to include environmental, economic and social/cultural values. This paper discusses the key aspects of shoreline protection that influence effective community resilience and protection from disasters. This paper also presents ways that the economic, environmental and social/cultural values of shore protection can be evaluated and quantified. It presents the Coastal Community Hazard Protection Resilience (CCHPR) Index for evaluating the resilience capacity to coastal communities from various protection schemes and demonstrates the use of this Index for an urban beach in San Francisco, CA, USA.

Performance of Light Coastal Structures Under Normal and High Water Conditions

1975 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Kamphuis
Keyword(s):  
Lake Erie ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Coastal Structures ◽  
Water Conditions ◽  
Protection Structures

A number of lightweight coastal protection structures, built on the Lake Erie shore are discussed in this paper. There were two constraints on the design; limited funds and a very precarious downdrift beach. Thus the structures were inexpensive and the protection was low-key to prevent damage downdrift. In 1972–1974 these structures were subjected to a combination of large waves and high water levels and thus they were tested well beyond their design limits.The paper discusses the structures, their performance under normal conditions, and their performance during and after the abnormally high water levels. It is found that inexpensive, low-key structures are sufficiently strong to survive normal conditions, but fail by overtopping and flanking under conditions beyond their low design limits.

scholarly journals Current condition of coastal protection structures of Meulaboh, Westcoast of Sumatra Island, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 869 (1) ◽  
pp. 012030
Author(s):  
W B Setyawan ◽  
E Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Wave Activity ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Erosion Hazard ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Tourism Potential ◽  
2004 Tsunami ◽  
The City ◽  
Protection Structures

Abstract Meulaboh is coastal city that has tourism potential. The city has been facing coastal erosion hazard since a long time from high energy wave activity coming from Indian Ocean. To protect the coast from the erosion hazard, a coastal defence structures were built along the city’s coast overlooking the Indian Ocean. Before the 2004 tsunami, hard structures built on the coast that open to waves from the Indian Ocean were damaged by daily wave activity. This study assess effectiveness of the current coastal protection structures protect coastline in the three coastal segments of the city, namely the Padang Seurahet, Ujung Karang and Kampung Pasir, in order to find out if the construction of the structures is the right choice. Related to the tourism potential of Meulaboh City also studied the possibility to expand the function of the structures. The coastal protection structures data for this study were mainly obtained from field observations in June 2021. Effectiveness of the structures protecting coastline were analysed based on technical criteria. Meanwhile, possibility to expand the function of the structures were analysed according to environmental condition of the coastal segments and types of tourism activity. The results of this study show that the hard structure that now exists on Meulaboh coast can protect the city’s coast from the hazard of erosion without negatively impacting the surrounding coastline. In addition, the structure is considered to be expandable to support the development of tourism potential of Meulaboh City. Thus it can be conclude that the choice of hard structure for coastal protection in most of Meulaboh coastline is appropriate.

scholarly journals Manufacturing entities flare systems fire hazard analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Kostiantyn AFANASENKO ◽  
Volodymyr LYPOVYI ◽  
Serhii ZIMIN
Keyword(s):  
Technological Process ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Fire Danger ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Toxic Gases ◽  
Combustible Gases ◽  
Combustible Liquids

Industrial enterprises of chemical, petrochemical, energy complexes, in the technological process of which combustible gases, flammable and combustible liquids rotate, have flare systems, which are designed for smokeless combustion of combustible and toxic gases or vapors as a result of their periodic, emergency or permanent venting. The main task of flare systems at enterprises is to prevent gas from atmosphere entering by flaring. Flare systems of a manufacturing entities are a complex of structures of high fire danger. The task of the work is to analyze the parameters of the explosion that may occur during the formation of an emergency situation on flare systems.

Management accounting in forest processing: market research and forecast of planned actions

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-41
Author(s):  
Gamlet Yakovlevich Ostaev ◽  
Grigory Rolanovich Alborov ◽  
Konstantin Akakievich Dzhikiya
Keyword(s):  
Business Processes ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Management Accounting ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Management Actions

The article reveals the key points of accounting and management actions in terms of studying market conditions, PR and forecasting planned actions. The main accounting and management tools in management accounting are: planning, management, accounting, organization, analysis and monitoring of business processes. Determination of the incurred costs of the business and its further sustainable development is the conceptual basis of management accounting. The aim of the study is to develop criteria for management accounting in the study of the sawn timber market and to study consumer demand for this product, identify consumer preferences, assess the frequency of purchasing products and factors affecting demand. The subject of the research is management accounting as a complex mechanism in terms of research (monitoring) market conditions, PR and forecast of planned actions. In accordance with this goal, the main task was determined: to predict the development of the market, adequately (in a timely manner, taking into account all factors) to respond to them, thereby ensuring high efficiency of economic activity, and strengthening its competitiveness in the Udmurt Republic. It is concluded that, despite the complexity and specifics of this type of activity, with a competent management approach, industrial enterprises in order to gain competitive advantages must constantly collect and process accounting and management information, including marketing information for an objective assessment of the external environment, analyze their own activities in order to reduce financial risks.

Investigation of Seawater Exchange Rate for Coastal Protection Structures

APAC 2019 ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 907-912
Author(s):  
K. Shim ◽  
K. Kim ◽  
B. Shin ◽  
G. Jung ◽  
J. Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Seawater Exchange ◽  
Protection Structures

scholarly journals Shore Protection Structures Increase and Evolution on the Northern Tuscany Coast (Italy): Influence of Tourism Industry

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enzo Pranzini ◽  
Giorgio Anfuso ◽  
Irene Cinelli ◽  
Marco Piccardi ◽  
Giovanni Vitale
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Beach Erosion ◽  
Shore Protection ◽  
Natural Sediment ◽  
Forcing Function ◽  
Hard Structures ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Protection Structures

Analysis of a large shoreline database (from 1878 to 2017) and recompilation of information on type/age of shore protection structures along the Northern Tuscany, allowed a deep insight of the progressive armouring of this coastal sector. The area experienced beach erosion since the end of the 19th century due to reduced sediment inputs from rivers and harbour constructions. Shore protection structures started to develop at the beginning of the 20th century, first to protect settlements and coastal roads, later to maintain a beach for tourist activity. The changing of the goal and the increasing awareness of the negative impact of some structures resulted in an evolution of coastal defence projects: initially, seawalls and revetments, later detached breakwaters and, more recently, groins. Today, a reduction in hard structures is perceived by removing or lowering detached breakwaters and groins below mean sea level. The forcing function of the growing tourism industry is producing a demand for projects and their design is detailed in this paper: results will be of use in the correct design of a long-term, general, erosion management plan to restore the natural sediment circulation patterns.

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