Background:
Patch antennas are composed of the substrate material with patch and ground plane on the both
sides of the substrate. The dimensions and performance characteristics of the antenna are highly influenced by the choice
of the appropriate substrate depending upon the value of their dielectric constant. Generally, low index substrate materials
are used to design the patch antenna but there are also some of the applications, which require the implementation of patch
antenna design on high index substrate like silicon and gallium arsenide.
Objective:
The objective of this article is to review the design of antennas developed on high index substrate and the
problems associated with the use of these materials as substrate. Also, main challenges and solutions have been discussed
to improve the performance characteristics while using the high index substrates.
Method:
The review article has divided into various sections including the solution of the problems associated with the
high index substrates in the form of micro-machining process. Along with this, types of micro machining and their
applications have discussed in detail.
Results:
This review article investigates the various patch antennas designed with micro-machining technology and also
discusses the impact of micro-machining process on the performance parameters of the patch antennas designed on high
index substrates.
Conclusion:
By using the micro-machining process, the performance of patch antenna improves drastically but
fabrication and tolerances at such minute structures is very tedious task for the antenna designers.
