scholarly journals Orchard Floor Management Practices Influence Elemental Concentrations in Young Pecan Trees

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1379-1381 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Goff ◽  
Michael G. Patterson ◽  
Mark S. West
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Competitive Effect ◽  
Carya Illinoensis ◽  
Orchard Floor Management ◽  
Elemental Concentrations

Nutrient status of young pecan [Carya illinoensis (Wangenh.) C. Koch] trees grown under eight combinations of orchard floor management and irrigation was determined by leaf and soil analyses. Orchard floor management practices were weedy-unmowed, weedy-mowed, weed control with herbicides, and weed control by disking, with trees either irrigated or nonirrigated. The element most affected by treatment was K. Mean leaf K for the two sample years was significantly (P < 0.01) lower in the weedy plots (0.56% K) than in those where weeds were controlled (0.76% K), suggesting a highly competitive effect of weeds for K with young pecan trees. Weed competition also suppressed leaf Ca and Mg, but presence of weeds or sod resulted in higher soil pH and higher leaf Zn. Leaf concentrations of N, P, B, Cu, and Fe were not significantly affected by the treatments.

scholarly journals Orchard Floor Practices Affect Soil Compaction around Young Pecan Trees

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 871-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wheeler G. Foshee ◽  
Randy L. Raper ◽  
William D. Goff ◽  
Michael G. Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Carya Illinoinensis ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Cone Penetrometer ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Orchard Floor Management

Orchard floor treatments of total weed control with herbicides, disking, mowing, grass control only with herbicides, and no control of vegetation were maintained in a 3 × 3-m area underneath young pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangehn.) K. Koch] trees. Soil compaction in treated areas was compared to heavily trafficked row middles. Mean cone index (CI) readings obtained from a cone penetrometer for the heavily trafficked areas were higher, indicating greater compaction than all other treatments in the 4.7- to 11.8-cm soil depth range. Heavily trafficked areas had severe compaction (>2.0 MPa) at the 9.5- to 22.9-cm soil depths. Mowed plots had similar CI readings at 14.2- to 54.3-cm depth as those heavily trafficked. The mowed areas had severe compaction at the 14.2- to 22.9-cm depth range. Grass control only with herbicides and plots with no control of vegetation had low CI throughout the soil profile. Disking, grass control, and no control treatments had similar effects, except at the 4.7-cm depth, where disking reduced compaction. An orchard floor management practice that minimized traffic near young trees, but also reduced weed competition, appears to be the best choice.

scholarly journals Effect of Orchard Floor Management Practices on Nutrient Status in Apple cv. Royal Delicious

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 2771-2792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabber Hussain ◽  
M.K. Sharma ◽  
D. Bashir ◽  
P. Tundup ◽  
S.A. Bangroo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Orchard Floor Management

scholarly journals Weed Control Increases Yield and Economic Returns from Young `Desirable' Pecan Trees

1997 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 588-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wheeler G. Foshee ◽  
Robert W. Goodman ◽  
Michael G. Patterson ◽  
William D. Goff ◽  
W. Alfred Dozier
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Cumulative Yield ◽  
Treatment Variable ◽  
Orchard Floor Management ◽  
Humid Environment

Yields and economic returns above treatment variable costs were determined for young `Desirable' pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) C. Koch] trees grown for nine seasons under ten combinations of orchard floor management practice and irrigation. Orchard floor management practices were 1) no weed control, 2) mowed, 3) total weed control with herbicides, 4) grass control only with herbicides, or 5) disking, and trees were either irrigated or nonirrigated. Total weed control with herbicides increased cumulative yield through the ninth growing season by 358% compared to no weed control. In the humid environment where this experiment was conducted, irrigation did not increase crop value obtained from the young trees, except for 1 year. At the end of the ninth season, total weed control with herbicides was the only treatment to have a positive net present value. These data indicate that establishment costs for young `Desirable' pecan trees can be recovered as early as the eighth growing season if competition from weeds is totally eliminated.

Effect of Weed Management Practices on Weed Dynamics, Nutrient Depletion, Productivity and Profitability of Summer Mungbean (Vigna radiata) under Zero Tillage Condition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuldeep Singh ◽  
Hardev Ram ◽  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
R.K. Meena ◽  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Free Treatment ◽  
Crop Weed Competition

Background: Weeds are prime factor that adversely effects on growth, quality and yield of mungbean during summer and rainy season. Being a short duration crop, it faces heavy weed competition right from the early growth stages to harvesting. The critical period of crop weed competition in mungbean was initial 25-30 days, yield may be reduce up to 50-90% if weeds not manage at this stage. Hence, there is a need to find out the successful weed management strategies to realize higher growth and yield. The progressive transformation of agriculture concerning intensive use of herbicides is gaining status in recent years due to easy, lower cost, timeliness and successful controlling weeds. Therefore, keeping above information in view, the present study was undertaken to assess the effect of different weed management practices in summer mungbean under zero tillage condition to find out the better weed management, higher productivity and profitability.Methods: In this field-laboratory investigation during summer season, 2019, different herbicides were applied to manage weeds in mungbean. Eight treatments were applied based on various application windows. In the field and laboratory, the collected samples were determined for crop weed competition, yield attributes, yields and net returns. Result: The results revealed that weed free treatment was recorded lowest weed population at 30 DAS and harvest (1.8 and 2.9), weed dry weight (1.1 and 1.9g) and highest weed control efficiency (96.3 and 94.9%) followed by Pendimethalin (PE) fb one HW and Shaked (Propaquizafop + Imezathyper) application. The similar results also observed in nutrients removed by weeds. Among yield attributes, weed free treatment recorded the longest pod length, no. of pods/plant, no. of seeds/pod and test weight (7.9, 21.0, 9.7 and 43.0g, respectively) which was at par with Pendimethalin (PE) fb one HW and Shaked (Propaquizafop + Imezathyper) application. The magnitude of seed yield was increased under weed free (10.1 q/ha) and Shaked (Propaquizafop + Imezathyper) (9.5 q/ha) treatments by 127.9 and 113.8%, respectively over weedy check. Application of Shaked (Propaquizafop + Imezathyper) recorded highest net returns (Rs 55,079/ha) and B: C (2.8) over rest of the treatments. It can concluded that application of Shaked (Propaquizafop + Imezathyper) @ 2 L/ha at 20 DAS recommended for better weed control, higher yield and net returns of summer mungbean under zero tillage condition.

Weed Management in Pulses: A Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheeja K. Raj ◽  
J. K. Sinchana
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses

Pulses are the important crop after cereals and is the cheapest source of dietary protein. After the Green revolution, the production of pulses in India remain stagnant over the years due to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Among the various biotic stresses, weeds are the major one which causes severe yield loss in pulses. Due to initial slow growth of pulses, weeds emerge first and gain competitive advantage over the crop and exhibit smothering effect on crop. Moreover, major area of pulses (84 per cent) are under rainfed condition and grown in combination with non-legume crop. As a result, pulses are subjected to various types of biotic and abiotic stresses. Weeds besides causing direct loss in yield also hinder farm activities and serve as alternate host to many pests. Weed management in pulses is essential to bring the weeds below the threshold level to maximize the seed yield and quality. The literature regarding the importance of weed management in pulses, weed flora, critical period of crop weed competition and different weed management methods of weed control are collected and presented in this paper.Weeds are the predominant biological constraint in pulse production due to the slow initial growth of the crop. Strategies’ of weed management depends on the weed competition, types of weeds present and weed control method adopted. In general, critical period of weed competition for short duration pulses is up to 30 days and for long duration pulse crops it is up to 60 days. The major three types of weeds viz., grasses, broad leaved weeds and sedges were found in association with pulses. Intensity of weed infestation varies with agroecological conditions and crop management practices followed. A system approach is necessary to maintain the weed population below the economic threshold level thereby reducing the yield loss. Integrated weed management (IWM) which has been proved to be more effective than any single method in alleviating the buildup of weeds in pulse crop.

scholarly journals Use of GIS in soil fertility mapping of Rapti Municipality, Chitwan, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-73
Author(s):  
Biplov Oli ◽  
Sushil Lamichhane ◽  
Khem Oli
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Landuse Planning ◽  
Soil Fertility Status

Mapping the spatial distribution of soil fertility in a particular area gives an idea about the nutrient content in the soil which plays an im-portant role in fertilizer recommendation, sustainable soil manage-ment, integrated plant nutrient management, landuse planning, and site-specific nutrient management (SSNM). A study was carried out to assess the soil fertility status of the Rapti Municipality, Chitwan, Ne-pal. A total of 120 soil samples was collected based on land use, slope, and aspects with the useof Google Earth Pro (GEP) and ArcGIS. Based on the soil test report spatial variation of soil texture, soil pH, total nitrogen, available phosphorous, and potassium of the study area was prepared. The majority of the study area (57.11%) has sandy clay soils. The soil pH was very strongly acidic to slightly alkaline with pH values ranging from 4.8 to 8.0. Soil organic matter (1.94-3.75%), total nitrogen (0.097-0.187%), available phosphorous(51.03-270.10 kgha-1), and available potassium (169.87-358.68 kgha-1) in the soil are within the range of medium to high in the study area. To maintain this nutrient status, the use of organic manure, reduced use of chemical fertilizers, and different soil management practices should be adopted in this area.

scholarly journals 599 PB 205 THE INFLUENCE OF COASTAL BERMUDAGRASS AND CHEMICAL MOWING ON THE GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT, AND WATER UTILIZATION OF YOUNG PECAN TREES AS MEASURED IN NON-WEIGHING LYSIMETERS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 518a-518
Author(s):  
Josiah W. Worthington
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Commercial Fertilizer ◽  
Orchard Floor Management ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Coastal Bermudagrass ◽  
Fallow Soil ◽  
Bare Root

Budded, bare root, `Wichita' pecan trees were planted and grown in inexpensive, 2m X.75m, non-weighing lysimeters for three growing seasons. Metered water was applied automatically through microirrigation systems as called for by switching tensiometers. Soil moisture tension was not allowed to exceed 25 Kpa. All tree/sod combinations received 336 kg N per hectare from 1-1-1 ratio commercial fertilizer. Water use, tree growth, and nutrient status of trees grown under the following orchard floor management practices were measured: 1)Unmowed coastal bermudagrass. 2)Mechanically mowed bermudagrass, 3)Chemically mowed bermudagrass, and 4)Bare soil. Water use by trees with chemical or mechanically mowed sod were intermediate in water use between unmowed and fallow soil treatments. In spite of the fact that water was never limiting for any treatment, fallow trees grew significantly larger than trees in any of the sodded treatments. A significantly lower level of foliar potassium was noted in trees growing in sod systems.

Weed Management in Small Grains Harvested for Grain

EDIS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Ferrell ◽  
Gregory MacDonald ◽  
Pratap Devkota
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Good Management ◽  
Small Grains ◽  
Crop Competition

Successful weed control in small grains involves using good management practices in all phases of production. In Florida, winter weeds compete with small grains for moisture, nutrients, and light, with the greatest amount of competition occurring during the first six to eight weeks after planting. Weeds also cause harvest problems the following spring when the small grain is mature. This 4-page publication discusses crop competition, knowing your weeds, and chemical control. Written by J. A. Ferrell, G. E. MacDonald, and P. Devkota, and published by the UF/IFAS Agronomy Department, revised May 2020.

Weed Management in Peanuts

EDIS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratap Devkota
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Good Management ◽  
Peanut Production

Successful weed control in peanuts involves use of good management practices in all phases of peanut production. This 11-page document lists herbicide products registered for use in Florida peanut production, their mode of actions group, application rate per acre and per season, and reentry interval. It also discusses the performance of these herbicides on several weeds under Florida conditions. Written by J. A. Ferrell, G. E. MacDonald, and P. Devkota, and published by the UF/IFAS Agronomy Department, revised May 2020.

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