scholarly journals Formation of Somatic Embryos from Protoplasts of Coffea arabica L.

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mari Tahara ◽  
Takeshi Yasuda ◽  
Naotsugu Uchida ◽  
Tadashi Yamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Embryogenic Callus ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Skoog Medium ◽  
Intact Plants ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium ◽  
Coffea Arabica L

Somatic embryos were regenerated from protoplasts isolated from embryogenic callus on young leaf explants from mature coffee trees. Embryos were regenerated on modified Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 5 μm BA. Somatic embryos developed into intact plants. Mannitol at 0.5 m was adequate as an osmoticum for isolating protoplasts, but subsequent culture required 0.3 m mannitol. A culture system in which osmolality was decreased gradually accelerated formation of colonies and somatic embryogenesis. Chemical name used: N-(phenylmethyl)-1H-purine-6-amine (BA).

scholarly journals 2- Isopentenyladenine in the induction of direct somatic embryogenesis capacity of Coffea arabica L.

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivanilda dos Santos Alves ◽  
Valéria Cristina Barbosa Carmazini ◽  
Cosme Damião dos Santos ◽  
Julieta Andrea Silva de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Direct Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Coffea Arabica L

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the effect of different concentrations of 2-isopentenyladenine (2-iP) on the direct somatic embryogenesis capacity of the Mundo Novo cultivar of Coffea arabica. Leaf explants were cultivated with half the MS salt concentration and the addition of sucrose (20gL-1) and 2-iP (0; 2.5; 5; 7.5 and 10µM). The 2-iP doses of 7.5 and 10µM produced the greatest responses with respect to the percentage of explants with embryogenic structures and the size of the embryogenic structures. However, the greatest production of somatic embryos occurred on the explants treated with 10µM of 2-iP, followed by 7.5µM, whereas their production was absent or reduced with 0 and 5µM, respectively.

Somatic Embryogenesis in the Leaf Explants of Chinese Celery

1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 429 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Zee ◽  
SC Wu
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Plantlet Formation ◽  
Skoog Medium ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium ◽  
Embryoid Formation

The development of embryoids from leaf explants of Apium graveolens var. dulce cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium with 0.5 mg/l 2,4-D and 0.6 mg/l kinetin was followed. Four stages were recognized: (1) cell proliferation, (2) pro-embryoid formation, (3) torpedo embryoid formation and (4) plantlet formation. All embryoids were derived from the cortical tissues of leaf explants; no embryoids formed in the epidermal tissues.

Embryolike structures from cotyledons and ripe embryos of Norway spruce (Piceaabies)

1986 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 664-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Krogstrup
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Embryogenic Callus ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Skoog Medium ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Embryos from imbibed ripe seeds and cotyledon expiants of 7-day-old Norway spruce (Piceaabies (L.) Karst.) seedlings produced the early stages of somatic embryogenesis. Using a modified Murashige and Skoog medium, a whitish, glossy callus was induced consisting of translucent cells embedded in a mucilaginous cloudy matrix. This embryogenic callus formed on the surface of explants treated first with N-6-benzyladenine followed by 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid + 6-furfurylaminopurine (kinetin) + N-6-benzyladenine. Transfer of this callus to media lacking growth regulators resulted in the formation of numerous bipolar embryoids with suspensorlike structures. These embryoids strongly resembled repressed embryos in polyembryonic seeds.

Brassinosteroid increases the cytokinin efficiency to induce direct somatic embryogenesis in leaf explants of Coffea arabica L. (Rubiaceae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosana Mary Sartor Chone ◽  
Diego Ismael Rocha ◽  
Carolina Cassano Monte-Bello ◽  
Hildete Prisco Pinheiro ◽  
Marcelo Carnier Dornelas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Direct Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Coffea Arabica L

scholarly journals Direct Somatic Embryogenesis: A Highly Efficient Protocol for In Vitro Regeneration of Habanero Pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.)

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 1645-1650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guadalupe López-Puc ◽  
Adriana Canto-Flick ◽  
Felipe Barredo-Pool ◽  
Patricia Zapata-Castillo ◽  
María del C. Montalvo-Peniche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Direct Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Zygotic Embryos ◽  
Capsicum Chinense ◽  
Skoog Medium ◽  
Habanero Pepper ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium

To induce somatic embryogenesis in habanero pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.), the cultivar BVll-03, belonging to the red type, was used. Different explants were evaluated, as were different culture media, the composition of which varied in the content of plant growth regulators. Results showed the formation of somatic embryos from cotyledons, zygotic embryos, germinated zygotic embryos, hypocotyls, and cotyledonary leaves. Explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 2,4-D (9.05 μm). The somatic embryos always formed directly from the explant, without callus formation, and the greatest efficiency was obtained when segments of hypocotyls were cultured, obtaining 175 ± 20 somatic embryos per explant. Only the somatic embryos obtained on Murashige and Skoog medium containing 2,4-D (9.05 μm) and treated with abscisic acid (ABA) (1.89 μm) before their transfer to the germination media (Murashige and Skoog + 1.1 μm GA3) emitted their radicule and expanded their cotyledonary leaves (60%), whereas the remaining embryos did not achieve germination because of different causes (abnormalities, delayed development). Not only is this protocol of somatic embryogenesis the first to be reported for this species (C. chinense Jacq.), but it is also the most efficient reported so far, within the Capsicum genus.

scholarly journals DIRECT AND INDIRECT SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS ON ARABICA COFFEE (Coffea arabica)

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Meynarti Sari Dewi Ibrahim ◽  
Rr. Sri Hartati ◽  
Rubiyo Rubiyo ◽  
Agus Purwito ◽  
Sudarsono Sudarsono
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regeneration Medium ◽  
Arabica Coffee ◽  
Indirect Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
Coffea Arabica L

Propagation of Coffea arabica L. through direct and indirect somatic embryogenesis technique is promising for producing large number of coffee seedlings. The objectives of the research were to evaluate methods for direct and indirect somatic embryo-genesis induction of C. arabica var. Kartika. The explants were the youngest fully expanded leaves of arabica coffee. The evalu-ated medium was modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with a combination of 2.26 µM 2,4-D + 4.54 or 9.08 µM thidiazuron; 4.52 µM 2,4-D + 4.54 or 9.08 µM thidiazuron; or 9.04 µM 2,4-D + 9.08 µM thidiazuron. Both calli (100 mg) and pre-embryos developed from the edge of leaf explants were subcultured into regeneration medium (half strength MS with modified vitamin, supplemented with kinetine 9.30 µM and adenine sulfate 40 mg L-1). The results showed coffee leaf explant cultured on medium containing 2.26 µM 2,4-D + 4.54 or 9.08 µM thidiazuron to induce direct somatic embriogenesis from explant, while that of 4.52 or 9.04 µM 2,4-D + 9.08 µM thidiazuron to induced indirect somatic embrio-genesis. The medium for calli induction from coffee by explants was medium supplemented with 4.52 or 9.04 µM 2,4-D in combination with 9.08 µM thidiazuron. On the other hand, the best medium for activation of induction of somatic embryos was MS medium supplemented with 9.04 µM 2,4-D + 9.08 µM thidiazuron. Based on this results, the first step for developing micropropagation for coffee has been resolved. The subsequent studies will be directed to evaluate agronomic performance of the derived planting materials.

scholarly journals DIRECT AND INDIRECT SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS ON ARABICA COFFEE (Coffea arabica)

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meynarti Sari Dewi Ibrahim ◽  
Rr. Sri Hartati ◽  
Rubiyo Rubiyo ◽  
Agus Purwito ◽  
Sudarsono Sudarsono
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regeneration Medium ◽  
Arabica Coffee ◽  
Indirect Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
Coffea Arabica L

Propagation of Coffea arabica L. through direct and indirect somatic embryogenesis technique is promising for producing large number of coffee seedlings. The objectives of the research were to evaluate methods for direct and indirect somatic embryo-genesis induction of C. arabica var. Kartika. The explants were the youngest fully expanded leaves of arabica coffee. The evalu-ated medium was modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with a combination of 2.26 µM 2,4-D + 4.54 or 9.08 µM thidiazuron; 4.52 µM 2,4-D + 4.54 or 9.08 µM thidiazuron; or 9.04 µM 2,4-D + 9.08 µM thidiazuron. Both calli (100 mg) and pre-embryos developed from the edge of leaf explants were subcultured into regeneration medium (half strength MS with modified vitamin, supplemented with kinetine 9.30 µM and adenine sulfate 40 mg L-1). The results showed coffee leaf explant cultured on medium containing 2.26 µM 2,4-D + 4.54 or 9.08 µM thidiazuron to induce direct somatic embriogenesis from explant, while that of 4.52 or 9.04 µM 2,4-D + 9.08 µM thidiazuron to induced indirect somatic embrio-genesis. The medium for calli induction from coffee by explants was medium supplemented with 4.52 or 9.04 µM 2,4-D in combination with 9.08 µM thidiazuron. On the other hand, the best medium for activation of induction of somatic embryos was MS medium supplemented with 9.04 µM 2,4-D + 9.08 µM thidiazuron. Based on this results, the first step for developing micropropagation for coffee has been resolved. The subsequent studies will be directed to evaluate agronomic performance of the derived planting materials.

scholarly journals Increasing the somatic embryogenesis frequency of Panax vietnamensis Ha et Grushv. by disinfection of leaf explant using nano silver and the addition of nano silver in culture medium

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-527
Author(s):  
Do Manh Cuong ◽  
Hoang Thanh Tung ◽  
Hoang Dac Khai ◽  
Vu Quoc Luan ◽  
Vu Thi Hien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Embryogenic Callus ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Contamination Rate ◽  
Nano Silver ◽  
Plantlet Formation

Somatic embryo is a developmental method for mass multiplication of valuable medicinal plants. In this study, leaf explants of Ngoc Linh ginseng were disinfected with nano silver at different concentrations and exposure times to eliminate infectious agents and induce embryogenic callus for the production of somatic embryos. The results show that the lowest contamination rate (20.00%) was observed when leaf explants were treated with 0.5 g/L nano silver for 15 minutes while the highest embryogenic callus induction rate (72.22%) and fresh weight (0.77 g) was determined at 0.2 g/L nano silver for 20 minutes. High frequency of somatic embryogenesis formation and germination were occurred on MS medium supplemented 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D; 0.5 mg/L NAA; 0.2 mg/L Kin and 1.6 mg/L nanosilver. After 8 weeks of culture, the number somatic embryos derived from nano silver treated-leaves was increased 2 times than non-treated explants. Addition of 1.0 mg/L NAA and 1.2 mg/L nano silver was showed the highest shoot and root length, root number, fresh and dry weight of plantlets. This research showed that pre-treatment and supplement of nano silver in culture medium is potentially useful for improving embryogenesis frequency, and plantlet formation of Ngoc Linh ginseng cultured in vitro.

scholarly journals Genomic Methylated Cytosine Level during the Dedifferentiation and Cellular Competence in Coffea arabica Lines: Insights about the Different In Vitro Responses

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1536
Author(s):  
João Paulo de Morais Oliveira ◽  
Natália Arruda Sanglard ◽  
Adésio Ferreira ◽  
Wellington Ronildo Clarindo
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Cytosine Methylation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Embryogenic Calli ◽  
Ploidy Stability ◽  
Indirect Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Cellular Competence

Coffea arabica genotypes present distinct responses in vitro, and somaclonal variation occurrence has been reported. Global cytosine methylation is one of the epigenetic mechanisms that influences the Coffea in vitro responses. We aimed to establish the indirect somatic embryogenesis in C. arabica ‘Catuaí Vermelho’, ‘Caturra’ and ‘Oeiras’, associate the distinct responses to the methylated cytosine genomic level, and check the ploidy stability. Leaf explants were cultured in callus induction and proliferation medium. The resulted calli were transferred to the regeneration medium, and the mature cotyledonary somatic embryos were transferred to the seedling medium. ‘Oeiras’ exhibited the highest number of responsive leaf explants, followed by ‘Caturra’ and ‘Catuaí Vermelho’. Global methylated cytosine level increased over time in the ‘Catuaí Vermelho’ and ‘Caturra’ friable calli, remaining constant in ‘Oeiras’. ‘Oeiras’ did not regenerate somatic embryos, while ‘Catuaí Vermelho’ exhibited the highest number. Somatic embryo regeneration was associated with the increase of the methylated cytosine level. However, the ‘Catuaí Vermelho’ embryogenic calli showed a lower methylated cytosine level than ‘Caturra’. Recovered plantlets exhibited the same 2C value and chromosome number to the explant donors. Therefore, cytosine hypermethylation occurred during C. arabica indirect somatic embryogenesis, influencing cell competence and somatic embryos regeneration.

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