scholarly journals MOLECULAR HYBRIDIZATION STUDIES IN ALLIUM

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 435e-435
Author(s):  
Usha S. Kallemuchikkal ◽  
E.B. Peffley
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Allium Fistulosum ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
High Identity

Total genomic DNA was isolated from study plants and was hybridized with 32P-labeled Allium fistulosum `Ishikura' genomic DNA; Southern blots were performed. Plant materials were Allium cepa `New Mexico Yellow Grano', the Allium fistulosum `Heshiko' and `Ishikura', and their F1 interspecific (Allium fistulosum × Allium cepa) hybrids. Sequences with high identity to the labeled DNA hybridized strongly (i.e., A. fistulosum `Ishikura' hybridized most strongly to itself, next with A. fistulosum `Heshiko'). The least hybridization was observed when A. fistulosum `Ishikura' was hybridized with A. cepa `New Mexico Yellow Grano'. Intensity of the signals observed when DNA of the F1 interspecific hybrids was probed with the `Ishikura' DNA was as expected, with the signals intermediate between those of A. fistulosum to A. fistulosum and A. fistulosum to A. cepa. A second study was performed to identify additional cytological markers in Allium. The 5srDNA and NOR genes from Triticum aestivum onto onion chromosomes using in situ hybridization. Evidence of hybridizations are the presence of fluorescing areas on the chromosomes.

Detection of maize DNA sequences amplified in wheat

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 946-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Zhang ◽  
Bernd Friebe ◽  
Bikram S. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes

Genomic in situ hybridization to somatic metaphase chromosomes of hexaploid wheat cv. Chinese Spring using biotinylated maize genomic DNA as a probe revealed the existence of amplified maize DNA sequences in five pairs of chromosomes. The in situ hybridization sites were located on chromosomes 1A, 7A, 2B, 3B, and 7B. One pair of in situ hybridization sites was also observed in hexaploid oat. The locations and sizes of in situ hybridization sites varied among progenitor species.Key words: Triticum aestivum, Zea mays, shared DNA sequences, genomic in situ hybridization.

scholarly journals Cytological Evaluations of Advanced Generations of Interspecific Hybrids Between Allium cepa and Allium fistulosum Showing Resistance to Stemphylium vesicarium

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Kudryavtseva ◽  
Michael J. Havey ◽  
Lowell Black ◽  
Peter Hanson ◽  
Pavel Sokolov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Molecular Classification ◽  
Allium Fistulosum ◽  
Bulb Onion ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Disease Resistances ◽  
Interspecific Crossing

Interspecific crossing is a promising approach for introgression of valuable traits to develop cultivars with improved characteristics. Allium fistulosum L. possesses numerous pest resistances that are lacking in the bulb onion (Allium cepa L.), including resistance to Stemphylium leaf blight (SLB). Advanced generations were produced by selfing and backcrossing to bulb onions of interspecific hybrids between A. cepa and A. fistulosum that showed resistance to SLB. Molecular classification of the cytoplasm established that all generations possessed normal (N) male−fertile cytoplasm of bulb onions. Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) was used to study the chromosomal composition of the advanced generations and showed that most plants were allotetraploids possessing the complete diploid sets of both parental species. Because artificial doubling of chromosomes of the interspecific hybrids was not used, spontaneous polyploidization likely resulted from restitution gametes or somatic doubling. Recombinant chromosomes between A. cepa and A. fistulosum were identified, revealing that introgression of disease resistances to bulb onion should be possible.

Molecular analyses of a repetitive DNA sequence in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Genome ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 556-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
P P Ueng ◽  
A Hang ◽  
H Tsang ◽  
J M Vega ◽  
L Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Long Terminal Repeat ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Repetitive Sequence ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Repeat Unit ◽  
Terminal Repeat ◽  
Genomic Clones

A repetitive sequence designated WE35 was isolated from wheat genomic DNA. This sequence consists of a 320-bp repeat unit and represents approximately 0.002% of the total wheat DNA. It is unidirectionally distributed either continuously or discretely in the genome. Ladder-like banding patterns were observed in Southern blots when the wheat genomic DNA was restricted with endonuclease enzymes EcoRI, HincII, NciI, and NdeI, which is characteristic for tandemly organized sequences. Two DNA fragments in p451 were frequently associated with the WE35 repetitive unit in a majority of λ wheat genomic clones. A 475-bp fragment homologous to the 5'-end long terminal repeat (LTR) of cereal retroelements was also found in some λ wheat genomic clones containing the repetitive unit. Physical mapping by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) indicated that one pair of wheat chromosomes could be specifically detected with the WE35 positive probe p551. WE35 can be considered a chromosome-specific repetitive sequence. This repetitive unit could be used as a molecular marker for genetic, phylogenetic, and evolutionary studies in the tribe Triticeae.Key words: repetitive sequence, genomic DNA, Triticum aestivum, fluorescence in situ hybridization, long terminal repeat.

Simultaneous discrimination of the three genomes in hexaploid wheat by multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization using total genomic and highly repeated DNA probes

Genome ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiko Mukai ◽  
Yumiko Nakahara ◽  
Maki Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
D Genome ◽  
B Genome ◽  
Multicolor Fluorescence

Common wheat, Triticum aestivum, is an allohexaploid species consisting of three different genomes (A, B, and D). The three genomes were simultaneously discriminated with different colors. Biotinylated total genomic DNA of the diploid A genome progenitor Triticum urartu, digoxigenin-labeled total genomic DNA of the diploid D genome progenitor Aegilops squarrosa, and nonlabeled total genomic DNA of one of the possible B genome progenitors Ae. speltoides were hybridized in situ to metaphase chromosome spreads of Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring. For detection, only two fluorochromes, fluorescein and rhodamine, were used. The A, B, and D genomes were simultaneously detected by their yellow, brown, and orange fluorescence, respectively. The genomic fluorescence in situ hybridization pattern of chromosome 4A of cv. Chinese Spring wheat showed that the distal 32% of the long arm was derived from a B genome chromosome. Furthermore, by using two highly repeated sequence probes, pSc 119.2 and pAsl, and two fluorochromes simultaneously, we were able to identify all B and D genome chromosomes and chromosomes 1A, 4A, and 5A of wheat.Key words: common wheat, in situ hybridization, multicolor fluorescence.

scholarly journals CHOMOSOMAL LOCATION OF BIOTIN- AND FLUORESCEIN-LABELED DNA BY IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION IN ALLIUM.

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1076a-1076
Author(s):  
Agnes RICROCH ◽  
Robert J. BAKER ◽  
Ellen B. PEFFLEY
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Allium Fistulosum ◽  
Hybridization Technique ◽  
Mitotic Chromosomes ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Labeled Probe ◽  
Genomic Map

Biotin- and fluorescein-labeled probe has been used to map. specific sunflower rDNA sequences by in situ hybridization on mitotic chromosomes of Allium cepa, Allium fistulosum and interspecific hybrid derivatives, There are three hybridization sites in A. cepa and more than six in an interspecific triploid. This in situ hybridization technique offers new cytogenetic markers useful in the construction of a physical genomic map of Allium and offer a means to document introgression of these genomes.

C-banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization studies of the wheat–alien hybrid 'Agrotana'

Genome ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Xu ◽  
R. L. Conner ◽  
A. Laroche
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Chromosome Engineering ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Chinese Spring Wheat ◽  
Mother Cells ◽  
Alien Chromatin ◽  
Chromosome Segments

'Agrotana', a wheat-alien hybrid (2n = 56), is a potential source of resistance to common root rot, stem rust, wheat streak mosaic virus, and the wheat curl mite. However, the origin of 'Agrotana', reported to be durum wheat × Agropyron trichophorum (pubescent wheatgrass), is uncertain. The objective of this investigation was to determine the chromosome constitution of 'Agrotana' using C-banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization techniques. The F1 hybrid of 'Agrotana' × 'Chinese Spring' wheat showed 7 I + 21 II in 14.9% of the pollen mother cells, evidence of the presence of the A, B, and D genomes in 'Agrotana'. The hybrid had 16 heavily C-banded chromosomes, namely 4A, and 1-7B of wheat, and a translocation that probably involved wheat chromosomes 2A and 2D. In situ hybridization using biotinylated genomic DNA of Ag. trichophorum cv. Greenleaf blocked with CS DNA failed to identify the alien chromosomes in 'Agrotana', indicating that the alien chromosomes were not likely derived from pubescent wheatgrass. In situ hybridization using labelled wheat genomic DNA blocked with 'Agrotana' DNA revealed that 'Agrotana' had 40 wheat, 14 alien, and 2 (a pair) wheat–alien translocated chromosomes. There was no homology between wheat and the alien chromosomes or chromosome segments involved in the wheat–alien recombinant. Two of the seven pairs of alien chromosomes were homoeologous to each other. The ability to identify alien chromatin in wheat using labelled wheat DNA instead of labelled alien DNA will be particularly useful in chromosome engineering of wheat germplasms having alien chromatin of unknown origin.Key words: wheat–alien hybrid, C-banding, fluorescence in situ hybridization, labelled wheat DNA as probe.

Genomic in situ hybridization in Brassica amphidiploids and interspecific hybrids

1997 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 1320-1324 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Snowdon ◽  
W. Köhler ◽  
W. Friedt ◽  
A. Köhler
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization

A rapid procedure for the isolation of C0t-1 DNA from plants

Genome ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Zwick ◽  
Robert E. Hanson ◽  
M. Nurul Islam-Faridi ◽  
David M. Stelly ◽  
Rod A. Wing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Repetitive Dnas ◽  
Rapid Procedure ◽  
Dna Elements ◽  
Repetitive Dna Elements

In situ hybridization (ISH) for the detection of single- or low-copy sequences, particularly large DNA fragments cloned into YAC or BAC vectors, generally requires the suppression or "blocking" of highly-repetitive DNAs. C0t-1 DNA is enriched for repetitive DNA elements, high or moderate in copy number, and can therefore be used more effectively than total genomic DNA to prehybridize and competitively hybridize repetitive elements that would otherwise cause nonspecific hybridization. C0t-1 DNAs from several mammalian species are commercially available, however, none is currently available for plants to the best of our knowledge. We have developed a simple 1-day procedure to generate C0t-1 DNA without the use of specialized equipment.Key words: C0t-1 DNA, in situ hybridization, BACs, plants.

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