Nitrite Accumulation and Nitrogen Immobilization in Potting Media Containing Compost

Growth inhibition has been observed with plants grown in potting media containing compost. The objective of this study was to determine if \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(\mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-}\) \end{document} toxicity or N immobilization might be involved. Two potting media were blended from aged pinebark, vermiculite, sphagnum peat, and compost, along with a control medium without compost, and cropped with Dendranthema ×grandiflorum `Bravo'. Pots were fertilized weekly with a 15N–1.1P–12.5K soluble fertilizer at 24 mM N. Plants were harvested and media samples were collected at intervals. Saturated media extracts (SME) were prepared immediately. Separate samples were incubated at 25C for 4 days following addition of 2.5 mmol urea-N/cm3. In SME of one compost-containing medium, \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(\mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-}\) \end{document} was present at 0.25 ± 0.03 mM 2 weeks after transplant, and at progressively lower concentrations thereafter. In incubated samples of the same medium, accumulation of \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(\mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-}\) \end{document} was observed after 3 weeks of cropping, with peak accumulation of \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(0.7{\pm}0.32{\ }{\mu}{\ }\mathrm{mol}\mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-}{/}\mathrm{cm}^{3}\) \end{document} after 9 weeks of cropping. Nitrite was scarcely detectable in other media. Some indication of N immobilization was obtained, as NH+4levels decreased during incubation without any increase in \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}\) \end{document}, and \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}\) \end{document} present at the beginning of incubation disappeared during incubation. In this study, significant effects of media on plant growth were not related to differences in \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(\mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-}\) \end{document} accumulation or N immobilization. However, subsequent studies appear to have established such a relationship.

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Nitrogen Mineralization and Immobilization and Plant Growth Response to Nitrogen Fertilization in Potting Media Containing Compost.

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.4.674f ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 674f-674

Author(s):

Alicia Sanchez-Escarcega ◽

George C. Elliott

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Growth Response ◽

Control Medium ◽

Fertilizer N ◽

Potting Media ◽

Saturated Media ◽

Soluble Fertilizer ◽

N Requirement ◽

Nutrient Solutions

The potential for N mineralization or immobilization in potting media containing compost was investigated in experiments using sunflower (Helianthus annuus `Sunrich Yellow') as a test crop with potting media formulated from 3 aged pine bark: 2 sphagnum peat or compost: 1 vermiculite (by volume). Cropped and uncropped media in 350-mL pots were fertilized by subirrigation with complete nutrient solutions containing N at 2, 4, 6, 8 or 12 mmol·L–1 as ammonium nitrate. In control medium without compost, sunflower fresh mass increased linearly with increasing N. In one compost medium (C), growth was stimulated and with N at 6 mmol·L–1 was equal to growth with N at 12 mmol·L–1 in the control medium. With another compost medium (A), growth was inhibited and did not respond to increasing N. In medium C, saturated media extracts (SME) obtained before and up to 12 days after transplanting had higher concentrations of NH4 and NO3 than the control medium. In medium A, NH4 concentrations were similar to controls, but NO3 concentrations were lower. Nitrite concentrations were less than 0.2 mmol·L–1 and were highest in medium C. Nitrogen derived from compost in medium C substantially reduced the soluble fertilizer N requirement for sunflowers, while N immobilization by compost in medium A was not overcome by increasing fertilizer N.

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Effects of compost media on growth and flowering of parviflorous garden pansy (Viola x wittrockiana Gams.). Part II. Plant flowering and decorative value

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.2007.046 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 167-171

Author(s):

Agnieszka Zawadzińska ◽

Dorota Janicka

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Municipal Sewage ◽

Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽

Sphagnum Peat ◽

Potato Pulp ◽

Viola X Wittrockiana ◽

Potting Media ◽

The Media ◽

Plant Valuation ◽

Effects Of Media

The purpose of the studies was to determine the effects of media containing composts from sewage sludge and potato pulp on the flowering and decorative value of 'Butterfly Yellow with Blotch' parviflorous pansy. In the experiment 14 potting media, including 12 media made of 4 composts, were tested. The percentage of compost mixed with sphagnum peat was 25%, 50% and 75%. The components of particular composts were as follows: I - municipal sewage sludge 70% and straw 30%; II - municipal sewage sludge 70% and sawdust 30%; III - municipal sewage sludge 35%, potato pulp 35% and straw 30%; IV - municipal sewage sludge 35%, potato pulp 35% and sawdust 30%. Two control potting media were used: 1 - sphagnum peat with Osmocote Exact Lo-Start at the dose 5 g×dm-3 and 2 - sphagnum peat with Azofoska at the dose 2.5 g×dm-3. There was no top-dressing during cultivation. The pansies for whose cultivation a slow-release fertiliser was used turned out to have most flowers, but the plants cultivated in compost with peat at the ratio 1:1 had equally abundant flowering. At the generative stage, the pansies in control media were the most decorative and those growing in 25% of compost I, 75% of compost II and 50% of compost III and IV. On the basis of plant valuation scale, quality assessment and the abundance of flowering it was found that the media containing 50% of composts were optimal for pansy cultivation.

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247 Early Growth and Development of Container-grown Pawpaw Seedlings in Various Potting Media and Nutrient Regimes

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.35.3.433e ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 433E-433

Author(s):

Kirk W. Pomper ◽

Snake C. Jones ◽

Eddie B. Reed

Keyword(s):

Native American ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Pine Bark ◽

Leaf Number ◽

Control Medium ◽

Sphagnum Peat ◽

Asimina Triloba ◽

Potting Medium ◽

Potting Media ◽

Main Plot

The pawpaw [Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal] is a native American tree fruit with potential in edible landscapes and as a new fruit crop. A split-plot experiment (main plot: fertilizer level and subplot potting medium) was conducted in the greenhouse to identify the best growing medium for production of pawpaw seedlings. Seeds were sown in rootrainers containing one of the following media: 1) Promix (control); 2) 6 pine bark:1 mason sand (v/v); 3) 1 mason sand: 1 sphagnum peat; and 4) 4 pine bark:1 mason sand:1 sphagnum peat. When seedlings had at least two to three leaves, weekly fertigation of seedlings began, using 0, 250, or 500 ppm Peters 20N-20P-20K. Germination rate at 10 weeks was similar in all media, at about 80%. The plants were destructively harvested 10 weeks after imposition of fertigation treatments. Both potting media and fertigation influenced leaf number and height; however, there was a significant interaction between these main effects. Leaf number and height for plants in medium 3 were similar to those of the control (medium 1), at about 11 leaves and 18-cm plant height, respectively, at 500 ppm fertigation. Plants in media 2 and 4 were about half as tall and had about half as many leaves as control medium plants at 500 ppm fertigation. Plant leaf area and biomass data will be discussed.

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Effects of compost media on growth and flowering of parviflorous garden pansy (Viola x wittrockiana Gams.). Part I. Plant growth and conformation

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.2007.045 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 161-166

Author(s):

Agnieszka Zawadzińska ◽

Dorota Janicka

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Municipal Sewage ◽

Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽

Disease Symptoms ◽

Sphagnum Peat ◽

Potato Pulp ◽

Viola X Wittrockiana ◽

Potting Media ◽

The Media ◽

Effects Of Media

The aim of the studies was to determine the effects of media with composts, based on sewage sludge and potato pulp, on the growth and conformation of the cultivar 'Butterfl y Yellow with Blotch'. In the experiment 14 potting media, including 12 media made of 4 composts, were tested. The percentage of compost mixed with sphagnum peat was 25%, 50% and 75%. The components of particular composts were as follows: I - municipal sewage sludge 70% and straw 30%; II - municipal sewage sludge 70% and sawdust 30%; III - municipal sewage sludge 35%, potato pulp 35% and straw 30%; IV - municipal sewage sludge 35%, potato pulp 35% and sawdust 30%. Two control potting media were used: 1 - sphagnum peat with Osmocote Exact Lo-Start at the dose 5 g×dm-3, and 2 - sphagnum peat with Azofoska at the dose 2.5 g×dm-3. There was no top-dressing during cultivation. The potting media used for pansy cultivation were rich in essential nutrients and in certain media macroelement content exceeded the limits recommended for the species with great nutrient requirements. The effects of the media on the growth, conformation and foliage of pansies depended on compost composition and its pecentage in a medium. The composts used for the media were found to be suitable for pansy cultivation. Despite smaller leaf rosettes in comparison with control plants, the pansies from compost media grew well and showed no disease symptoms.

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Vernalization Accelerates Flowering of Lysimachia clethroides Duby

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.33.3.508b ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 508b-508

Author(s):

Pamela M. Lewis ◽

Alan M. Armitage ◽

Jim M. Garner

Keyword(s):

Stem Diameter ◽

Stem Length ◽

Cut Flower ◽

Bud Formation ◽

Flower Production ◽

Sphagnum Peat ◽

Potting Media ◽

Lysimachia Clethroides ◽

Shoot Emergence

The effect of vernalization method and duration on off-season cut flower production of Lysimachia clethroides Duby was examined. Rhizomes harvested in October were cooled for 0, 4, 6, 8, 10 or 12 weeks at 4 ± 1 °C in crates with unmilled sphagnum peat or in 3.75-L pots with potting media prior to forcing in a warm greenhouse. After 6 or more weeks of cooling, shoots emerged from crate-cooled rhizomes in higher percentages than from pot-cooled rhizomes. However, only the duration of cooling, not the method, affected the rate of shoot emergence, visible bud formation and anthesis of the first bud in the raceme. As cooling increased from 0 to 12 weeks, the greenhouse days required for shoot emergence, visible bud formation and anthesis decreased linearly. The number of flowering flushes and flowering stems varied quadratically with cooling duration, and the highest yields occurred when rhizomes received between 4 and 10 weeks of cooling. As the number of successive flowering flushes increased, the stem length increased linearly while the stem diameter decreased linearly. High numbers of flowers were produced rapidly after 10 weeks of cooling.

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Evaluation of Zeolite-based Soilless Root Media for Potted Chrysanthemum Production

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.33.3.465e ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 465e-465

Author(s):

Janet L. Carlino ◽

Kimberly A. Williams ◽

Earl R. Allen

Keyword(s):

Crop Production ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Nutrient Leaching ◽

Fresh Mass ◽

Production Cycle ◽

Control Medium ◽

Fertilizer Rate ◽

Innovative Technologies ◽

Root Media ◽

Soluble Fertilizer

Chrysanthemum growth and nutrient leaching of three clinoptilolite-based root media, which were formulated and provided by Boulder Innovative Technologies, Inc. and ZeoponiX, Inc., were compared to the performance of control plants grown in Sunshine Mix #2 (3 peat: 1 perlite, v/v). The control received 210 mg·L–1 N from an 18N–4P–15K soluble fertilizer at each irrigation. The experimental zeolite-based medium NZ, which contained untreated zeolite and received the same soluble fertilizer as the control, leached lower concentrations of NH4-N, K, and PO4-P for most of the production cycle compared to the control. Medium EZ1 was formulated to provide N, P, and K as fertilizer nutrients and produced plants similar to the control based on ratings, height, width, and dry mass, but not fresh mass, at harvest when the fertilizer rate was half of that applied to the control, 105 mg·L–1 N. Medium EZ2, which did not receive P or K from soluble fertilizer, produced plants similar to the control based on rating, height, and dry mass, but not width or fresh mass, with soluble fertilizer input reduced to only N. Tissue N, P, and K concentrations of plants grown in media EZ1 and EZ2 were lower than those of control plants. With further refinements, these zeolite-based products show promise for decreasing nutrient leaching during crop production and allowing for application of lower rates of soluble fertilizers.

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