scholarly journals 247 Early Growth and Development of Container-grown Pawpaw Seedlings in Various Potting Media and Nutrient Regimes

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 433E-433
Author(s):  
Kirk W. Pomper ◽  
Snake C. Jones ◽  
Eddie B. Reed
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Control Medium ◽  
Sphagnum Peat ◽  
Asimina Triloba ◽  
Potting Medium ◽  
Potting Media ◽  
Main Plot

The pawpaw [Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal] is a native American tree fruit with potential in edible landscapes and as a new fruit crop. A split-plot experiment (main plot: fertilizer level and subplot potting medium) was conducted in the greenhouse to identify the best growing medium for production of pawpaw seedlings. Seeds were sown in rootrainers containing one of the following media: 1) Promix (control); 2) 6 pine bark:1 mason sand (v/v); 3) 1 mason sand: 1 sphagnum peat; and 4) 4 pine bark:1 mason sand:1 sphagnum peat. When seedlings had at least two to three leaves, weekly fertigation of seedlings began, using 0, 250, or 500 ppm Peters 20N-20P-20K. Germination rate at 10 weeks was similar in all media, at about 80%. The plants were destructively harvested 10 weeks after imposition of fertigation treatments. Both potting media and fertigation influenced leaf number and height; however, there was a significant interaction between these main effects. Leaf number and height for plants in medium 3 were similar to those of the control (medium 1), at about 11 leaves and 18-cm plant height, respectively, at 500 ppm fertigation. Plants in media 2 and 4 were about half as tall and had about half as many leaves as control medium plants at 500 ppm fertigation. Plant leaf area and biomass data will be discussed.

scholarly journals Production of desert rose seedlings in different potting media

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronan Carlos Colombo ◽  
Vanessa Favetta ◽  
Deived Uilian de Carvalho ◽  
Maria Aparecida da Cruz ◽  
Sergio Ruffo Roberto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Coconut Fiber ◽  
Potting Media ◽  
Emergence Percentage

Over the past decade the desert rose received fame in the flower market due to its striking and sculptural forms; however, the commercial production of these species is quite recent and little is known about its crop management, including substrates recommendation. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of different substrates on desert rose seed germination and production of its seedlings. Experiment I: freshly harvested seeds of desert rose were sown in different substrates e.g. sand, coconut fiber, semi-composted pine bark, sand + coconut fiber, semi-composted pine bark + sand and coconut fiber + semicomposted pine bark. These substrates were evaluated to study the emergence percentage of seeds, initial growth of seedlings and seedling emergence speed index (ESI). Experiment II: desert rose from the experiment I were transferred to plastic pots filled with the same substrates as in experiment I. The pH and electrical conductivity (EC) of the substrates were noted every 30 days while the growth parameters of seedlings were recorded after 240 days. Results from experiment I showed higher germination rate and seedling growth in substrates containing semi-composted pine bark. Similarly, in experiment II, better quality seedlings were observed in substrates containing semi-composted pine bark. Thus, for desert rose seed germination and seedling growth, it is recommended to use substrates containing semi-composted pine bark.

scholarly journals Effect of seed treatments and potting medium on seed germination parameters in threatened Stereospermum suaveolens (Roxb.) DC. – A dashmool species

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1&2) ◽  
pp. 187-192
Author(s):  
Hariom Saxena ◽  
Naseer Mohammad ◽  
Samiksha Parihar ◽  
Sant Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Potting Medium ◽  
Potting Media ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Coefficient Of Velocity ◽  
Experimental Treatments

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different seed treatment and potting media on germination percentage and associate parameters in Stereospermum suaveolens, a threatened dashmool species during May, 2019 at Silviculture Nursery of Tropical Forest Research Institute, Jabalpur (Madhya Pradesh). Experimental treatments comprised of twenty treatment combinations consisting of four different seed treatment and five growth mediums. Data on daily seed germination was recorded and used for estimation of final germination percentage (FGP), mean germination time (MGT), coefficient of velocity of germination (CVG), germination rate index (GRI), time spread of germination (TSG), energy period (EP) and peak value of mean germination (PVMG). Critical perusal of analysis revealed that treatment combination ‘Sand + Hot Water’ was resulted in positive effect on all the characters studied and could be used for mass raising of seedlings of S. suaveolens.

scholarly journals Nitrite Accumulation and Nitrogen Immobilization in Potting Media Containing Compost

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 857D-857
Author(s):  
Alicia Sanchez-Escarcega ◽  
George C. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
N Immobilization ◽  
Nitrite Accumulation ◽  
Control Medium ◽  
Sphagnum Peat ◽  
Potting Media ◽  
Saturated Media ◽  
Soluble Fertilizer ◽  
Effects Of Media

Growth inhibition has been observed with plants grown in potting media containing compost. The objective of this study was to determine if \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(\mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-}\) \end{document} toxicity or N immobilization might be involved. Two potting media were blended from aged pinebark, vermiculite, sphagnum peat, and compost, along with a control medium without compost, and cropped with Dendranthema ×grandiflorum `Bravo'. Pots were fertilized weekly with a 15N–1.1P–12.5K soluble fertilizer at 24 mM N. Plants were harvested and media samples were collected at intervals. Saturated media extracts (SME) were prepared immediately. Separate samples were incubated at 25C for 4 days following addition of 2.5 mmol urea-N/cm3. In SME of one compost-containing medium, \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(\mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-}\) \end{document} was present at 0.25 ± 0.03 mM 2 weeks after transplant, and at progressively lower concentrations thereafter. In incubated samples of the same medium, accumulation of \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(\mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-}\) \end{document} was observed after 3 weeks of cropping, with peak accumulation of \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(0.7{\pm}0.32{\ }{\mu}{\ }\mathrm{mol}\mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-}{/}\mathrm{cm}^{3}\) \end{document} after 9 weeks of cropping. Nitrite was scarcely detectable in other media. Some indication of N immobilization was obtained, as NH+4levels decreased during incubation without any increase in \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}\) \end{document}, and \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}\) \end{document} present at the beginning of incubation disappeared during incubation. In this study, significant effects of media on plant growth were not related to differences in \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(\mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-}\) \end{document} accumulation or N immobilization. However, subsequent studies appear to have established such a relationship.

Vernalization Accelerates Flowering of Lysimachia clethroides Duby

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 508b-508
Author(s):  
Pamela M. Lewis ◽  
Alan M. Armitage ◽  
Jim M. Garner
Keyword(s):  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Bud Formation ◽  
Flower Production ◽  
Sphagnum Peat ◽  
Potting Media ◽  
Lysimachia Clethroides ◽  
Shoot Emergence

The effect of vernalization method and duration on off-season cut flower production of Lysimachia clethroides Duby was examined. Rhizomes harvested in October were cooled for 0, 4, 6, 8, 10 or 12 weeks at 4 ± 1 °C in crates with unmilled sphagnum peat or in 3.75-L pots with potting media prior to forcing in a warm greenhouse. After 6 or more weeks of cooling, shoots emerged from crate-cooled rhizomes in higher percentages than from pot-cooled rhizomes. However, only the duration of cooling, not the method, affected the rate of shoot emergence, visible bud formation and anthesis of the first bud in the raceme. As cooling increased from 0 to 12 weeks, the greenhouse days required for shoot emergence, visible bud formation and anthesis decreased linearly. The number of flowering flushes and flowering stems varied quadratically with cooling duration, and the highest yields occurred when rhizomes received between 4 and 10 weeks of cooling. As the number of successive flowering flushes increased, the stem length increased linearly while the stem diameter decreased linearly. High numbers of flowers were produced rapidly after 10 weeks of cooling.

scholarly journals Impacts of increasing fine fuel loads on acorn germination and early growth of oak seedlings

Fire Ecology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel E. Nation ◽  
Heather D. Alexander ◽  
Geoff Denny ◽  
Jennifer K. McDaniel ◽  
Alison K. Paulson
Keyword(s):  
Prescribed Fire ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Fuel Load ◽  
Quercus Alba ◽  
White Oak ◽  
Fuel Treatment ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Fuel Loads

Abstract Background Prescribed fire is increasingly used to restore and maintain upland oak (Quercus L. spp.) ecosystems in the central and eastern US. However, little is known about how prescribed fire affects recently fallen acorns under different fine fuel loads, which can vary with stand composition and basal area, burn season, and fire frequency. We conducted plot-level (1 m2) burns in an upland oak stand in northern Mississippi, USA, during December 2018, using single (i.e., ambient), double, and triple fine fuel loads, representative of those in nearby unburned and recently fire-treated, closed-canopy stands. Pre burn, we placed 30 acorns each of white oak (Quercus alba L.) and Shumard oak (Quercus shumardii Buckley) ~1 cm below the litter surface in five plots of each fuel treatment. Immediately post burn, we planted unburned and burned acorns in a greenhouse. After ~50% of each species’ unburned acorns germinated, we measured percent germination and height, basal diameter, and leaf number of germinating seedlings weekly for 11 weeks. Then, we harvested seedlings to determine above- and belowground biomass. Results The single fuel treatment reduced acorn germination rates of both species to ~40% compared to ~88% in unburned acorns. When burned in double and triple fuel loads, acorns of both species had a <5% germination rate. There was no difference in basal diameter, leaf number, or biomass of seedlings from burned versus unburned acorns for either species. However, seedlings originating from burned acorns of both species were ~11% shorter than those from unburned acorns. Thus, both species responded similarly to fuel load treatments. Conclusions Acorns of both species exhibited greater survival with lower fine fuel loads, and consequently lower percent fuel consumption. Acorns germinating post fire generally produced seedlings with growth patterns similar to seedlings originating from unburned acorns. These findings indicate that regular, repeated prescribed fires or canopy reductions that limit fine fuel accumulation and create heterogeneous fuel beds are likely to increase acorn germination rates relative to unburned sites or those with recently introduced fire.

Elemental Status of Pine Bark-Based Potting Media

2011 ◽  
pp. 103-131
Author(s):  
R. J. Ogden ◽  
F. A. Pokorny ◽  
H. A. Mills ◽  
M. G. Dunavent
Keyword(s):  
Pine Bark ◽  
Elemental Status ◽  
Potting Media

Leaching of Oxyfluorfen in Container Media

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Menashe Horowitz ◽  
Clyde L. Elmore
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Content ◽  
Potting Medium ◽  
Potting Media ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Leaching Experiments

Bentgrass was used to bioassay oxyfluorfen in leaching experiments done in columns of soilless potting media and soils, with herbicide incorporated into the upper 2 to 4 cm. Depth of herbicide leaching increased in order in the following soils: peat and sand (1:1) mix, Stockton clay soil, Yolo fine sandy loam soil, and redwood bark and sand (3:1) mix. Depth of leaching was not related to soil organic matter content. Equilibration experiments showed that peat adsorbed 4 to 5 times more oxyfluorfen than redwood bark. Less leaching was observed in potting mixtures containing peat than bark. Raising the oxyfluorfen dose from 20 to 200 ppmw increased the depth of leaching and concentration of herbicide in the leachate, while a 10-fold increase in water volume had only a limited effect. Twenty ppmw of oxyfluorfen incorporated in the top of a peat-containing potting medium has a low risk of leaching out of the container.

scholarly journals Root and Stem Infection of Rhododendron from Potting Medium Infested with Phytophthora ramorum

Plant Disease ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (10) ◽  
pp. 1265-1270 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Parke ◽  
C. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Ramorum ◽  
Epifluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Stem Infection ◽  
Splash Dispersal ◽  
Hair Roots ◽  
Potting Medium ◽  
Nursery Stock ◽  
Potting Media ◽  
Transmit Disease

Phytophthora ramorum has been detected in soil and potting media, but the potential for root infections is not fully understood. To determine whether the root system could become infected and transmit disease, rhododendron ‘Nova Zembla’ plants grown from rooted cuttings and native Pacific rhododendron (Rhododendron macrophyllum) plants grown from seed were transplanted into a potting medium artificially infested with P. ramorum. Inoculum consisted of V8-brothvermiculite cultures of P. ramorum, chopped infected leaves, or zoospores. Plants were watered from the bottom to prevent splash dispersal of inoculum onto stems and foliage. Both infested amendments and applications of zoospores resulted in plant mortality within 3 to 7 weeks. P. ramorum was isolated from hair roots, large roots, and stems above and below the potting medium surface. Noninoculated control plants remained healthy and did not yield P. ramorum. Epifluorescence microscopy of tissue culture plantlets inoculated in vitro revealed attraction of zoospores to wounds and root primordia, and colonization of the cortex and vascular tissues of roots and stems, including the xylem. Transmission of P. ramorum from infested potting media to stems via infected, symptomless root tissue demonstrates the need to monitor potting media for presence of the pathogen to prevent spread of P. ramorum on nursery stock.

Iron-phosphorus interactions in the nutrition of seedling macadamia in organic potting media

1992 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 773 ◽  
Author(s):  
KA Handreck
Keyword(s):  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Single Superphosphate ◽  
Macadamia Integrifolia ◽  
Potting Medium ◽  
Leaf Chlorosis ◽  
Potting Media ◽  
The Media ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
P Addition ◽  
Shoot Quality

Macadamia integrifolia cv. Keauhou seedlings were grown in an organic potting medium based on ground pine bark and peat and of pH 5.9. Interactive effects of iron (Fe) and phosphorus (P) on shoot growth and quality were studied by amending the medium with single superphosphate to provide 0-240 mg P/L, and either FeSO4.7H2O at 0-3 g/L or FeEDDHA at 0.1-0.4 g/L. Shoots of all seedlings, except those at the highest levels of ferrous sulfate with low P addition, were chlorotic, with symptoms typical of Fe deficiency. Shoot quality, as judged by degree of chlorosis, was correlated with Fe concentrations in unbuffered DTPA (1:1.5 by volume) and double acid (DA) (1:5 by volume) extracts of the media (r2 = 0.683 and 0.688), poorly correlated with P concentrations in these extracts (r2 = 0.284 and 0.289), and highly correlated with concentrations of both Fe and P in the regression equation (r2 = 0.845 and 0.865). Shoot quality was not as well correlated with Fe and P in ammonium acetate (NH4OAc) extracts. Optimum shoot quality was achieved in media (pH 5.9) whose DTPA, DA and NH4OAc extracts contained 2-9, 1.54 and 2-4 mg P/L and at least 60, 15 and 0.43 mg Fe/L, respectively. Leaf chlorosis did not occur if the Fe : P ratios of the extracts were >4.5, >1.7 and >0.02, respectively.

scholarly journals DAIRY COW COMPOST AS A POTTING SUBSTRATE FOR GROWING HYBRID RHODODENDRONS

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 753a-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garry J. Bradley ◽  
Mari Helen Glass ◽  
Ted E. Bilderback
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Minor Element ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Dolomitic Limestone ◽  
Sphagnum Peat

With the rising cost of sphagnum peat, nurserymen are looking at alternatives for growing substrates. Daddy Pete's plant pleaser is a product of composted cow manure. This study was conducted to see if composted cow manure could be used to grow containerized plants and replace sphagnum peat. Research was conducted using two Rhododendron cultivars, `English Roseum' and `Scintillation'. Plants of each cultivar were potted into 3-gallon containers. Test substrates were tested against the grower's standard mix, 80 pine bark: 20 sphagnum peat (% by volume), amended with 20 lbs Scotts Prokoke, 8 lbs dolomitic limestone, and 1.5 lbs step minor element package/1.7 yard3. Test substrates were treated equally. Daddy Pete's plant pleaser can work as a substitute for peatmoss in a growing mix. The Daddy Pete compost grew just as good a plant as the Buds & Bloom standard. Watering management turns out to be a factor because the compost generally held more water, therefore not needing irrigation as frequently.

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