scholarly journals Grapefruit-Drug Interaction: Levels of Furocoumarin in Different Varieties

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 863E-864
Author(s):  
Basavaraj Girennavar* ◽  
Narayan Bhat ◽  
Jennifer Brodbelt ◽  
Michael Pikulski ◽  
G.K. Jayaprakasha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Grapefruit Juice ◽  
Gradient Elution ◽  
Citrus Paradisi ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Dried Extract

Grapefruit juice contain furanocoumarin derivatives which are known to interact with various drugs such as felodipine, leading to the increased bioavailability. Due to very low concentrations of furocoumarin in grapefruit juice, isolation of these compounds has been a challenge to researchers. Five grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.) varieties such as `Marsh White', `Duncan', `Rio Red', `Orange Flesh', and `Mexican Red' were harvested and analyzed. Samples were extracted successively three times with ethyl acetate until all furocoumarins were extracted. The dried extract was reconstituted in methanol and used for quantification using high-performance liquid chromatography. Furanocoumarins were quantified by gradient elution with methanol and water as mobile phase with a flow rate of 1.1 mL/min at 240 nm. The concentrations of bergamottin, dihydroxybergamotin (DHB) and dimer of DHB were shown to distinctly differ among varieties. Red colored grapefruit showed lower concentrations of the furocoumarins compared to white colored grapefruit. Among the five varieties, `Rio Red' grapefruit contain lower concentrations of bergamottin and DHB. Further studies are continued to quantify other dimers and commercial varieties. Knowledge of furocoumarin levels in grapefruit may eventually help the consumer to make decision about eating grapefruit and/or drinking juice while taking certain medications.

Analysis of organic impurities of besifloxacin hydrochloride by high performance liquid chromatography with isocratic and gradient elution.

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Wittckind Manoel ◽  
Camila Ferrazza Alves Giordani ◽  
Livia Maronesi Bueno ◽  
Sarah Chagas Campanharo ◽  
Elfrides Eva Sherman Schapoval ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Gradient Elution ◽  
Pharmaceutical Product ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Isocratic Elution ◽  
Organic Impurities ◽  
Elution Method

Introduction: Impurity analysis is an important step in the quality control of pharmaceutical ingredients and final product. Impurities can arise from drug synthesis or excipients and even at small concentrations may affect product efficacy and safety. In this work two methods using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were developed and validated for the evaluation of besifloxacin and its impurity synthesis, with isocratic elution and another with gradient elution. Method: The analysis by HPLC in isocratic elution mode was performed using a cyano column maintained at 25 °C. The mobile phase was composed by 0.5% triethylamine (pH 3.0): acetonitrile (88:12 v/v) eluted at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min with detection at 330 nm. The gradient elution method was carried out with the same column and mobile phase components only modifying the rate between organic and aqueous phase during analysis. The procedures have been validated according to internationally accepted guidelines, observing results within acceptable limits. Results: The methods presented were found to be linear in the 140 to 260 µg/ml range for besifloxacin and 0.3 to 2.3 µg/ml for an impurity named A. The limits of detection and quantification were respectively 0.07 and 0.3 µg/ml for impurity A, with a 20 µL injection volume. The precision achieved for all analyses performed provided RSD inter-day equal to 6.47 and 6.36% for impurity A with isocratic elution and gradient, respectively. The accuracy was higher than 99% and robustness exhibited satisfactory results. In the isocratic method an analysis time of 25 min and 15 min was obtained for gradient. For impurity A, the number of theoretical plates in the isocratic mode was about 5000 while in the gradient mode it was about 45000, hence, it made the column more efficient by changing the mobile phase composition during elution. In besifloxacin raw material and in pharmaceutical product used in this study, other related impurities were present but but impurity A was searched for and not detected Conclusion: The proposed methods can be applied for quantitative determination of impurities in the analysis of the besifloxacin raw material, as well as in ophthalmic suspension of the drug, considering the quantitation limit.

Streaming current detector for reversed-phase liquid chromatography

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 1531-1537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeru Terabe ◽  
Kiyoshi Yamamoto ◽  
Teiichi Ando
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Gradient Elution ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Streaming Current ◽  
Glass Capillaries ◽  
Phase Liquid

Fundamental characteristics of the electrokinetic detector for high performance liquid chromatography, whose operating principle is based on the measurement of the streaming current between both ends of a bundle of glass capillaries, were studied under reversed-phase chromatographic conditions. The detector is specifically sensitive to ionizable compounds like carboxylic acids and amines, but is also universally responsive to nonionic compounds. The detection limit for the former compounds was about 10−8 g and for the latter about 10−4 g. The lowest amount actually measured was 5.8 × 10−9 g. The universal detectability makes this type of detector unsuitable for gradient elution. The observed streaming current was in the range of 10−7 to 10−8 A and was highly dependent on the flow rate of the mobile phase. Characteristics of the detectors equipped with some packed beds prepared from porous materials instead of glass capillaries were also investigated.

Simultaneous Determination of Six Components in Jingzhiguanxin Tablet by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-137
Author(s):  
Hui Jiang ◽  
Lianhao Fu ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Shaozhi Wang ◽  
Xiaoxu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Gradient Elution ◽  
Tanshinone Iia ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Quality Control Analysis

Background: Jingzhiguanxin (JZGX) tablet, a traditional Chinese prescription, is commonly used for treating coronary heart disease and angina pectoris in the clinic. There are six active components (Danshensu (DSS), Protocatechuic aldehyde (PD), Paeoniflorin (PF), Ferulic acid (FA), Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) and Tanshinone IIA (TA)) in JZGX tablet. </P><P> Objective: In this paper, a simple and reliable method was used for simultaneous determining the six active components by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). Methods: These six active components were separated on an Agilent Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C18 column (150 mmx4.6 mm, 5 µm) at 30 °C. Acetonitrile (A), methanol (B) and 0.5% H3PO4 aqueous solution (C) were used as mobile phase for gradient elution. The flow rate was 1 mL/min and the detection wavelengths were set at 280 nm for DSS, PD and Sal B, 230 nm for PF, 320 nm for FA and 270 nm for TA, respectively. Results: All of the six components showed good linearity regressions (r2≥0.9997) in the detected concentration range. The recovery rates and coefficient of variation (CV) for all analytes were 98.66%- 100.18% and 0.75%-1.89%, respectively. This method was successfully applied to simultaneously determine the six components in JZGX tablet from different batches and manufacturers. Conclusion: The validated method can be used in routine quality control analysis of JZGX tablet without any interference.

Separation and Determination of Some Aromatic Sulfones by Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Královský ◽  
Marta Kalhousová ◽  
Petr Šlosar
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Uv Spectra ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Linear Calibration ◽  
Technical Grade

The reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography of some selected, industrially important aromatic sulfones has been investigated. The chromatographic behaviour of three groups of aromatic sulfones has been studied. The optimum conditions of separation and UV spectra of the sulfones and some of their hydroxy and benzyloxy derivatives are presented. The dependences of capacity factors vs methanol content in mobile phase are mentioned. The results obtained have been applied to the quantitative analysis of different technical-grade samples and isomer mixtures. For all the separation methods mentioned the concentration ranges of linear calibration curves have been determined.

4-Nitrophenol in 4-nitrophenyl phosphate, a substrate for alkaline phosphatase, as measured by paired-ion high-performance liquid chromatography.

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 2288-2291 ◽  
Author(s):  
P H Culbreth ◽  
I W Duncan ◽  
C A Burtis
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Nitrophenyl Phosphate ◽  
Phase Column ◽  
Reversed Phase Column

Abstract We used paired-ion high-performance liquid chromatography to determine the 4-nitrophenol content of 4-nitrophenyl phosphate, a substrate for alkaline phosphatase analysis. This was done on a reversed-phase column with a mobile phase of methanol/water, 45/55 by vol, containing 3 ml of tetrabutylammonium phosphate reagent per 200 ml of solvent. At a flow rate of 1 ml/min, 4-nitrophenol was eluted at 9 min and monitored at 404 nm; 4-nitrophenyl phosphate was eluted at 5 min and could be monitored at 311 nm. Samples of 4-nitrophenyl phosphate obtained from several sources contained 0.3 to 7.8 mole of 4-nitrophenol per mole of 4-nitrophenyl phosphate.

Determination of adenine nucleotides by the modified method of high-performance liquid chromatography

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-176
Author(s):  
Lyubov Borisovna Kalikova ◽  
E. R. Boyko
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Adenine Nucleotides ◽  
Release Time ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Rp Hplc ◽  
Standard Solutions

Adenine nucleotides (ATP, ADP and AMP) play a central role in the regulation of metabolism and energy: they provide the energy balance of the cell, determine its redox state, act as allosteric effectors of a number of enzymes, modulate signaling and transcription factors and activate oxidation or biosynthesis substrates. A large number of methods have been developed to determine the level of ATP, ADP and AMP, but the most universal and effective method for the separation and analysis of complex mixtures is the reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method (RP-HPLC). The aim of this study is to determine the optimal conditions for the qualitative separation and quantitative determination of standard solutions of ATP (1 mmol/l), ADP (0,5 mmol/l) and AMP (0,1 mmol/l) by RP-HPLC. The degree of separation of adenine nucleotides was estimated by the time of peak output in the chromatogram. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were set: assess the effect of the temperature of the analysis on the separation and change of the release time of the analytes in the chromatogram; determine the most optimal composition of the mobile phase for the separation of ATP, ADP and AMP in the chromatogram (the content of the organic solvent in the solution); to identify the effect of pH of the mobile phase on the separation of standard solutions of adenine nucleotides; set the optimal molarity of the mobile phase for the separation of ATP, ADP and AMP in the chromatogram. It was found that the temperature of the analysis does not affect the quality of peak separation, while the composition and pH of the mobile phase have a significant effect on the complete and clear separation of the studied nucleotides in the chromatogram. It was determined that the analysis temperature of 37°C and the mobile phase of 0.05 M KH2PO4 (pH 6.0) are optimal for separating the peaks of adenine nucleotides.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document