scholarly journals Greenhouse Evaluation of Capsicum Accessions for Resistance to European Corn Borer (Ostrinia nubilalis)

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1336-1338 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Frantz ◽  
Jeffrey Gardner ◽  
Michael P. Hoffmann ◽  
Molly M. Jahn
Keyword(s):  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Aphid Resistance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
Relative Susceptibility ◽  
Greenhouse Evaluation ◽  
Fruit Damage

A replicated greenhouse evaluation of a range of commercial and noncommercial (Capsicum spp.) accessions for resistance to european corn borer (ECB) [Ostrinia nubilalis (Hubner)] was conducted. Percentage of fruit damaged was observed among 29 accessions four weeks after plants were artificially infested with ECB egg masses. Small-fruited peppers generally showed lower levels of damage, while large-fruited peppers were the most susceptible. Genotypes with elongate fruit were less damaged than those with bell-shaped fruit. Resistance to fruit damage was also associated with increasing pungency level, with two notable exceptions. The pungent genotype `Large Red Thick Cayenne' was significantly more susceptible than many of the other pungent accessions tested. The relative susceptibility of this accession may be related to large fruit size. The nonpungent pepper `Corno di Toro' showed significantly lower percent fruit damage than other nonpungent peppers including `Banana Supreme' with roughly similar fruit size, ranking amidst highly pungent peppers such as `Red Scotch Bonnet'. These results confirm that resistance to ECB can be identified in nonpungent Capsicum genotypes and demonstrate that pungency is not always correlated with ECB damage. Reported sources of aphid resistance or tolerance showed good levels of ECB resistance, but interpretation of these results was confounded by the presence of pungency.

Survival of Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) After Exposure to Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner Encapsulated in Flour Matrices2

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. McGuire ◽  
Robert L. Gillespie ◽  
Baruch S. Shasha
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
The Other ◽  
Field Site ◽  
Corn Flour ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Natural Infestation ◽  
Corn Plants

Two types of pregelatinized corn flour were used to produce granules containing Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner subsp. kurstaki and various additives for control of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), in the whorl of corn plants. Laboratory-reared larvae were applied to corn whorls in the greenhouse and field, and a high natural infestation occurred at one field site (Champaign). In the greenhouse and at all three field sites, five of these formulations were just as effective as Dipel 10G, a commercially available B. thuringiensis product, for control of European corn borer larvae. In all greenhouse studies and at one of the three field sites (Champaign), the dose of B. thuringiensis could be reduced by as much as 75% when a phagostimulant was added to flour granules without significant loss of corn borer control. The phagostimulant dose response was not observed at the other two field sites in which larval infestations were relatively low. Flour type had no significant effect on European corn borer control under greenhouse and field conditions. Greenhouse evaluations provided results significantly similar to results from two of the field sites indicating the usefulness of the technique. The data presented highlight the versatility and potential for using novel formulation techniques for enhancing the efficacy of B. thuringiensis.

PHENOLOGY AND INFESTATION LEVEL OF THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER, OSTRINIA NUBILALIS (HÜBNER) (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE), IN SOUTHERN MANITOBA

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 1211-1220 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Palaniswamy ◽  
B. Galka ◽  
B. Timlick
Keyword(s):  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Damage Threshold ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Flight Period ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Trap Catch ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Egg Masses

AbstractStudies were conducted from 1985 to 1988 in commercial corn fields distributed throughout the main corn growing areas of Manitoba to determine the distribution, phenology, and the level of infestation of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner). Pheromone and blacklight traps were used to monitor the flight activity of European corn borer throughout the flight period. The level of European corn borer infestation was determined by sampling for egg masses, hatched egg masses, plants with egg masses, plants with shot holes, larvae, and stalk breakage. Results indicated that the European corn borer infestation occurred throughout the corn growing areas of Manitoba and that the population has declined from 1985 through 1988. Significant positive correlations existed among the number of egg masses, plants with egg masses, plants with shot holes, larvae per plant, and plants with broken stalks. Peak capture of moths in pheromone traps occurred well after peak oviposition, and 10–14 days after the peak blacklight trap capture. Blacklight trap catch, but not the pheromone trap catch, was positively correlated with egg mass density. Both blacklight and pheromone traps were equally efficient in determining the onset and the duration of European corn borer flight, although for initiating surveys of egg masses and shot hole damage, pheromone traps are recommended. In Manitoba, corn growers apply pesticides well before the recommended damage threshold is reached.

Design and Testing of a Boom Sprayer Prototype to Release Trichogramma ostriniae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in Sweet Corn for Biocontrol of Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 1867-1879
Author(s):  
Ariane Dionne ◽  
Mohamed Khelifi ◽  
Silvia Todorova ◽  
Guy Boivin
Keyword(s):  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Real Field ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
Parasitism Rates

Abstract. Sweet corn requires many insecticide applications to control its main pest: the European corn borer () (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). The use of is an effective biological alternative to control the European corn borer in sweet corn. However, manual introduction at large scale of using Trichocards is time-consuming. Mechanized introduction of using a boom sprayer is an innovative and advantageous solution. The objective of this study was to design and test a boom sprayer to spray (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in sweet corn canopy under real field conditions. parasitized eggs were sprayed at a rate of 800,000 individuals ha-1 using a boom sprayer designed at the Department of Soils and Agri-Food Engineering of Université Laval, Québec, Canada. parasitized eggs were also introduced at a rate of 500,000 individuals ha-1 using Trichocards. Overall, eight releases were made during the 2016 season. Field trial results showed a 17.22% emergence rate reduction of in the sprayed plots compared to Trichocards. Total fecundity and longevity of sprayed females were not negatively affected by spraying; indicating that spraying did not have any negative impact on their quality. The parasitism rates observed on natural egg masses of and on sentinel egg masses of were comparable for both methods. At harvest, sprayed and Trichocards treatments resulted in adequate control of the European corn borer. Obtained results also showed that spraying was 1.7 times faster than the manual introduction of Trichocards. Overall, the results indicate that spraying is a promising technique for an efficient and viable introduction of parasitized eggs. However, more research is recommended to further optimize the spraying parameters. The spraying system successfully used in sweet corn could also be used in corn production and adapted to other crops such as pepper, beans, and potatoes to control the European corn borer. Keywords: Biological control, European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis, Trichogramma, Trichogramma ostriniae, Sweet corn, Corn production, Spraying, Boom sprayer, Beneficial insects, Trichocards.

scholarly journals Voltinism of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn., in Poland

2000 ◽  
Vol 36 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 147-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ľ. Cagáň ◽  
G. Sobota ◽  
B. Gabryš ◽  
C. Kania
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Maize Stalks

From 1992 to 1996 the voltinism of the European com borer, Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn., was investigated in Poland. During the study, over 6000 larvae were collected in maize stalks in autumn. In 1994, pupal cases were observed in stalks. This indicated the development of second generation adults of the pest. Pupal cases were not found in other years of the study. The difference between 1994 and the other years was found when the degree-days accumulation at base 10°C was calculated for the periods between July 1 and July 19 (daylight 15 hrs 58 min), or July 29 (daylight 15 hrs 32 min). These values were highest in 1994 and reached 246.5°C, or 414.0°C respectively. The results indicate that degree-days accumulation during the whole year is not responsible for the development of the second generation. It appears that high temperatures in July (not only at the beginning, but also at the end) influenced the development of the second generation of 0. nubilalis in Poland. Average July daily temperatures in 1994 were extremely high (24.5°C). Such temperatures can allow a small partial development of the second generation of O. nubilalis at a relatively cold location like Wroclaw in Poland with a standard annual mean temperature of 8.3°C.

scholarly journals The location of egg masses of Ostrinia nubilalis [Lepidoptera : Pyralidae] on potato plants

2005 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-126
Author(s):  
A.P. Dornan ◽  
J.G. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Total Surface Area ◽  
Sampling Time ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
The People ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae

The location of egg masses of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis, was studied on potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) “Russet Burbank” grown on Prince-Edward-Island, Canada, from 1990 to 1992. The within-plant positions of 315 egg masses were characterized by the examination of approximately 3700 plants. Ninety-two percent of the egg masses were found on the bottom two-thirds of the plants and 95% were found on the underside of the leaflets and on the stalks. In total, 88% of the egg masses were found on the bottom two-thirds of the plants on both the stalks and the underside of the leaflets. Sampling time can be optimized if the people engaged in scouting programs concentrate their efforts on the bottom two-thirds of the stalks alone, which represents only 3.7% of the total surface area of the haulm but contains 50% of the egg masses.

POPULATION DYNAMICS OF THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER, OSTRINIA NUBILALIS (HÜBNER)(LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE) ATTACKING POTATOES IN PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND

1995 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew P. Dornan ◽  
Jeff G. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae

AbstractThe population dynamics of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), were documented on potatoes grown in Prince Edward Island (P.E.I.) from 1990 to 1992. By comparing degree-day accumulations above 10°C, both first occurrence and peak flights of male adults occurred earlier than elsewhere in North America. Because potatoes in P.E.I. are attacked earlier and over a longer period of time than potatoes grown in other regions, the insect is an important pest of potatoes in P.E.I. The correlation between peak numbers of male adults caught in pheromone traps and egg masses on potato plants was not significant (p = 0.22). However, the correlation between egg masses per potato stalk and larvae per potato stalk was significant (p = 0.003). Trapping adults and monitoring potato plants for the presence of egg masses during the period from 250 to 500 degree-days appears to be a reliable way to determine the presence of adults and the potential impact of larvae on yield of potatoes.

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