Inheritance of Resistance to Pepper huasteco yellow vein virus in Capsicum annuum L.

Pepper huasteco yellow vein virus (PHYVV) is a major disease in pepper (Capsicum annuum) that causes quantitative and qualitative losses to the crop in Central America and part of North America. To date, no resistant cultivars are available, and breeding is hampered by the lack of knowledge of the inheritance of this trait. Sources of resistance to PHYVV have been identified in the wild peppers of Mexico. The objectives of this study were to determine the grade of dominance, to analyze the maternal influence, and to estimate the number of genes involved in this resistant trait to PHYVV in the resistant wild pepper accession UAS12. Three susceptible parent lines—‘Anaheim’ (Ana), ‘Ancho Gigante’ (AG), and ‘Yolo Wonder’ (YW)—were crossed with resistant UAS12 accession to develop F1 (reciprocal), F2, and BC1 progenies in three families. Plants from this study were inoculated with PHYVV through Bemisia tabaci, evaluated phenotypically, and the segregation of disease scores was studied. A single recessive gene was found to control resistance to PHYVV in the resistant UAS12 accession, although segregation patterns suggested that other minor genes could participate in the expression of this resistant trait. No proof was found for maternal inheritance of PHYVV resistance. The gene symbol phv is proposed for PHYVV resistance in UAS12 accession in pepper. These results provide useful information for the design of pepper breeding programs in the introgression of this trait into commercial pepper backgrounds.

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Resistance to Pepper huasteco yellow vein virus and its heritability in wild genotypes of Capsicum annuum

Botanical Sciences ◽

10.17129/botsci.1029 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 96 (1) ◽

pp. 52 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jesús Enrique Retes-Manjarrez ◽

Sergio Hernández-Verdugo ◽

Benedicte Pariaud ◽

Luis Alberto Hernández-Espinal ◽

Saúl Parra-Terraza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Capsicum Annuum ◽

Bemisia Tabaci ◽

Genetic Resource ◽

Yellow Vein ◽

The Novel ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Inoculation Methods ◽

Resistance Trait ◽

Resistant Trait ◽

Study Species

Background: Pepper huastecto yellow vein virus (PHYVV) is one of the main viruses affecting pepper (Capsicum spp.) plants in Mexico.Question: Why there are no pepper resistant cultivars to PHYVV currently? Could it be due for the lack of new pepper resistant sources and knowledge about the heritability of the resistant trait?Study species: Capsicum annuum, Pepper huasteco yellow vein virus and Bemisia tabaci.Study site: Culiacan Sinaloa, Mexico; January 2013 to August 2014.Methods: Two assays were performed in 2013 and 2014 with three resistant wild lines of Capsicum annuum in the S2 and S3 generation under greenhouse conditions to analyze the resistance to the Pepper huasteco yellow vein virus (PHYVV) and its heritability. Plants were inoculated with PHYVV through Bemisia tabaci G. and by grafting.Results: Line UAS12 showed a significantly higher proportion of resistant plants, longer incubation time, and less amount of viral DNA, followed by lines UAS13, UAS10 and the Maverick cultivar under both inoculation methods in both assays. Distribution of symptoms revealed a bimodal tendency in both assays. The novel gene "CchGLP" which confer resistance to PHYVV in pepper plants, was identified in the three lines evaluated on this study. Heritability of line UAS12 was of 0.35 and 0.26 in the insects and grafting inoculations, and of 0.58 and 0.10 in the first and second assays, respectively. Lines UAS13 and UAS10 showed close to zero heritability in the first and second assays with both inoculation methods.Conclusions: Line UAS12 is the most promising genetic resource for its high resistance and for showing heritability for the resistance trait. The intermediate resistance of lines UAS13 and UAS10 could be also useful for breeding programs. At least two genes are involved in the resistance trait to PHYVV. Part of the resistance shown in these lines may be due to the presence of the "CchGLP" gene. Line UAS12 count with variability for the resistant trait and can, therefore, be used to improve resistance and the other two lines possibly are stable as they did not show heritability.

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Inheritance of Resistance to the Watermelon Strain of Papaya Ringspot Virus in Watermelon

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.39.4.811c ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 811C-811

Author(s):

Nihat Guner* ◽

Zvezdana Pesic-VanEsbroeck ◽

Todd Wehner

Keyword(s):

New Hampshire ◽

Citrullus Lanatus ◽

Recessive Gene ◽

Germplasm Collection ◽

Ringspot Virus ◽

Inheritance Of Resistance ◽

Papaya Ringspot Virus ◽

Single Recessive Gene ◽

Susceptible Parent ◽

Sources Of Resistance

Sources of resistance to the watermelon strain of papaya ringspot virus (PRSV-W) have been identified within the watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) germplasm collection. Inheritance of resistance to papaya ringspot virus-watermelon strain was studied in three C. lanatus var. citroides accessions: PI 244017, PI 244019, and PI 485583. The susceptible parent lines `Allsweet', `Calhoun Gray', and `New Hampshire Midget' were crossed with resistant accessions to develop F1, F2, and BC1 generations for six families. A single recessive gene was found to control resistance to PRSV-W. The gene symbol `prv' is proposed for PRSV-W resistance in watermelon. Additional work is needed to determine whether the genes in PI 244017, PI 244019, and PI 485583 are allelic for resistance to PRSV-W.

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Inheritance of Resistance to Papaya Ringspot Virus-Watermelon Strain in Watermelon

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci12944-18 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 (5) ◽

pp. 624-627 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Nihat Guner ◽

Zvezdana Pesic-VanEsbroeck ◽

Luis A. Rivera-Burgos ◽

Todd C. Wehner

Keyword(s):

New Hampshire ◽

Citrullus Lanatus ◽

Recessive Gene ◽

Germplasm Collection ◽

Ringspot Virus ◽

Papaya Ringspot Virus ◽

Single Recessive Gene ◽

Susceptible Parent ◽

Sources Of Resistance ◽

Allelism Tests

Sources of resistance to the watermelon strain of papaya ringspot virus-watermelon strain (PRSV-W) have been identified within the watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) germplasm collection. Inheritance of the resistance to PRSV-W was studied in three Citrullus amarus (formerly C. lanatus var. citroides) PI accessions: PI 244017, PI 244019, and PI 485583. Three susceptible parent lines, ‘Allsweet’, ‘Calhoun Gray’, and ‘New Hampshire Midget’, were crossed with resistant PI accessions to develop F1, F2, and BC1 progenies in six families. A single recessive gene was found to control the resistance to PRSV-W in all three resistant PI accessions. Allelism tests indicated that the three PI accessions carry the same resistance allele to PRSV-W. The gene symbol ‘prv’ is proposed for PRSV-W resistance in PI 244017, PI 244019, and PI 485583 in watermelon.

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Evaluation of Capsicum Germplasm for Sources of Resistance to Rhizoctonia solani

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.30.2.341 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 341-342 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Rejah Muhyi ◽

Paul W. Bosland

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Rhizoctonia Solani ◽

Capsicum Annuum ◽

Root Rot ◽

Screening Method ◽

Sources Of Resistance ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

New Mexican ◽

Mexican Isolate

A reliable screening method to detect Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn resistance in chiles (Capsicum annuum L.) was developed using infested corn (Zea mays Bonaf.) kernels as inoculum. The most aggressive New Mexican isolate of R. solani (PWB-25) was used to screen 74 Capsicum accessions for resistance to root rot caused by the fungus. The accessions differed in resistance, with disease ratings ranging from 2.9 to 8.6 on a 0 (no disease) to 9 (seedling dead) scale. The percentage of resistant plants, those in the interaction phenotype index class 0, 1, 2, and 3, ranged from 2.4% to 77.1%. Nineteen accessions representing four species had ≥50% resistant individuals and would be useful in breeding programs.

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INHERITANCE OF RESISTANCE TO NET BLOTCH IN BARLEY. I. FACTORS AFFECTING THE PENETRANCE AND EXPRESSIVITY OF GENE(S) CONDITIONING HOST RESISTANCE

Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology ◽

10.1139/g69-068 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 587-591 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

T. N. Khan

Keyword(s):

Environmental Conditions ◽

Net Blotch ◽

Host Reaction ◽

Susceptible Parent ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Genetic Studies ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Drechslera Teres ◽

Resistant Varieties ◽

High Level

Variability in the host-reaction of barley to infection by Drechslera teres was examined in the parents and progeny of selected crosses under different environmental conditions of testing.The Ethiopian variety C.I. 5791 exhibits a consistently high level of resistance under a range of environmental conditions, which is in contrast to the Manchurian variety C.I. 2330. The sensitivity of the genes for resistance possessed by these varieties to environmental modifications is considered to depend upon their respective genetic backgrounds. Furthermore, variability of host reaction in the progeny of these resistant varieties was shown to be influenced by the genetic background of the susceptible parent used.The implications of these findings in the conduct and interpretation of genetic studies and in backcross breeding programs is discussed.

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Identification of Resistance to Powdery Mildew in Publicly Available Male Hop Germplasm

Plant Health Progress ◽

10.1094/php-05-18-0027-rs ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 258-264

Author(s):

David H. Gent ◽

Briana J. Claassen ◽

Megan C. Twomey ◽

Sierra N. Wolfenbarger

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Powdery Mildew ◽

Pacific Northwest ◽

Western United States ◽

R Genes ◽

Sources Of Resistance ◽

Department Of Agriculture ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

The Pacific ◽

The U.S

Powdery mildew (caused by Podosphaera macularis) is one of the most important diseases of hop in the western United States. Strains of the fungus virulent on cultivars possessing the resistance factor termed R6 and the cultivar Cascade have become widespread in the Pacific Northwestern United States, the primary hop producing region in the country, rendering most cultivars grown susceptible to the disease at some level. In an effort to identify potential sources of resistance in extant germplasm, 136 male accessions of hop contained in the U.S. Department of Agriculture collection were screened under controlled conditions. Iterative inoculations with three isolates of P. macularis with varying race identified 23 (16.9%) accessions with apparent resistance to all known races of the pathogen present in the Pacific Northwest. Of the 23 accessions, 12 were resistant when inoculated with three additional isolates obtained from Europe that possess novel virulences. The nature of resistance in these individuals is unclear but does not appear to be based on known R genes. Identification of possible novel sources of resistance to powdery mildew will be useful to hop breeding programs in the western United States and elsewhere.

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Identification of Pisum sativum Germ Plasm with Resistance to Root Rot Caused by Multiple Strains of Aphanomyces euteiches

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis.1999.83.1.51 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 83 (1) ◽

pp. 51-54 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

D. K. Malvick ◽

J. A. Percich

Keyword(s):

Pisum Sativum ◽

Root Rot ◽

Plant Introduction ◽

Aphanomyces Euteiches ◽

Sources Of Resistance ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Pea Seedlings ◽

Biomass Loss ◽

Serious Disease ◽

Multiple Strains

Aphanomyces root rot is a serious disease of pea (Pisum sativum), and additional sources of resistance are needed for development of disease-resistant cultivars. Accessions (n = 123) from the P. sativum Plant Introduction (PI) collection with the highest relative levels of resistance to one strain of Aphanomyces euteiches were previously identified from among approximately 2,500 accessions evaluated. The chosen 123 accessions were evaluated in this study for resistance to root rot caused by multiple strains of this pathogen. Five strains representing different US geographical locations and pathogenicity characteristics were used to evaluate pea seedlings in a greenhouse. Disease severity (DS) and percent loss of fresh biomass (inoculated vs. non-inoculated plants) were determined 15 days after inoculation. Significant differences (P = 0.05) in levels of DS and biomass loss (BL) occurred among the accessions after inoculation individually with the five strains. The relative rank of accessions based on DS and BL varied with the strain of A. euteiches used for inoculations. The 20 accessions with the lowest DS after inoculation with each strain were identified. Based on lowest DS, two accessions were among the 20 identified with all five individual strains, and four other accessions were among the 20 identified with four of the five strains. The results suggest that the P. sativum PI collection contains useful accessions for breeding programs aimed at developing pea varieties with resistance to A. euteiches.

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Flavor Profiles of Wild Species-Derived Peanut Breeding Lines

Peanut Science ◽

10.3146/ps07-113.1 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 81-85 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. P. Tallury ◽

H. E. Pattee ◽

T. G. Isleib ◽

H. T. Stalker

Keyword(s):

Wild Species ◽

Interspecific Hybrid ◽

Diploid Species ◽

Sensory Attributes ◽

Sources Of Resistance ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Arachis Hypogaea L ◽

Cultivated Peanut ◽

Important Quality

Abstract Several diploid wild species of the genus Arachis L. have been used as sources of resistance to common diseases of cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Because flavor is among the most important quality attributes for commercial acceptance of roasted peanuts, sensory attributes of interspecific hybrid derived breeding lines were evaluated to determine if transfer of disease resistance from wild species is associated with concomitant changes in flavor. Sixteen interspecific hybrid derivatives with five diploid species in their ancestries and the commercial flavor standard, NC 7 were evaluated for sensory quality. Significant variation among entries was found for the roasted peanut, sweet, and bitter sensory attributes, but not for the overall contrast between NC 7 and the wild species-derived breeding lines. The variation was either between two groups of wild species-derived breeding lines or within one or both groups. Introduction of disease and pest resistance traits from Arachis species did not result in degradation or improvement of the flavor profile. This suggests that flavor of wild species-derived germplasm will not prevent its use either as parents in peanut breeding programs or as cultivars.

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Advances in understanding the epidemiology, molecular biology and control of net blotch and the net blotch barley interaction

10.19103/as.2021.0092.31 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 477-524

Author(s):

Anke Martin ◽

◽

Barsha Poudel ◽

Buddhika Amarasinghe Dahanayaka ◽

Mark S. McLean ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Biology ◽

Fungicide Resistance ◽

Net Blotch ◽

Sources Of Resistance ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Barley Cultivars ◽

Sexual And Asexual Reproduction ◽

And Control ◽

Different Sources ◽

Durable Disease Resistance

Net blotches are the most widely distributed foliar diseases of barley worldwide, causing significant losses in grain yield. They occur as net form net blotch, caused by Pyrenophora teres f. teres and spot form net blotch caused by P. teres f. maculata. Both sexual and asexual reproduction play a role in the P. teres disease cycles leading to changes in genetic variation of populations. Breeding programs have to keep pace with pathogenic changes and ensure different sources of resistance are present in current barley cultivars. Knowledge of the genetic architecture and genes involved in virulence is thus vital to increase the durability of net blotch resistance in barley cultivars. This chapter explores the molecular biology, life-cycle and epidemiology of the net blotch fungi and discusses the key challenges we are facing in managing the net blotches using both fungicide resistance and breeding strategies to achieve durable disease resistance in barley.

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A new source of root-knot nematode resistance from Arachis stenosperma incorporated into allotetraploid peanut (Arachis hypogaea)

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-54183-1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Carolina Ballén-Taborda ◽

Ye Chu ◽

Peggy Ozias-Akins ◽

Patricia Timper ◽

C. Corley Holbrook ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Basis ◽

Snp Array ◽

Nematode Resistance ◽

Major Effect ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Genes Encoding ◽

In The Wild ◽

Arachis Batizocoi ◽

Lrr Protein

AbstractRoot-knot nematode is a very destructive pathogen, to which most peanut cultivars are highly susceptible. Strong resistance is present in the wild diploid peanut relatives. Previously, QTLs controlling nematode resistance were identified on chromosomes A02, A04 and A09 of Arachis stenosperma. Here, to study the inheritance of these resistance alleles within the genetic background of tetraploid peanut, an F2 population was developed from a cross between peanut and an induced allotetraploid that incorporated A. stenosperma, [Arachis batizocoi x A. stenosperma]4×. This population was genotyped using a SNP array and phenotyped for nematode resistance. QTL analysis allowed us to verify the major-effect QTL on chromosome A02 and a secondary QTL on A09, each contributing to a percentage reduction in nematode multiplication up to 98.2%. These were validated in selected F2:3 lines. The genome location of the large-effect QTL on A02 is rich in genes encoding TIR-NBS-LRR protein domains that are involved in plant defenses. We conclude that the strong resistance to RKN, derived from the diploid A. stenosperma, is transferrable and expressed in tetraploid peanut. Currently it is being used in breeding programs for introgressing a new source of nematode resistance and to widen the genetic basis of agronomically adapted peanut lines.

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