Georgia Homeowner Survey of Landscape Management Practices

A survey of Georgia homeowners provided insights about their use of fertilizers and pesticides. Knowledge of current homeowner practices is needed to develop a best management practices manual to be used by Master Gardeners to train the general public through the existing outreach programs. The objective of the training program is to reduce nutrient runoff and garden chemicals and improve the quality of surface water in urban water-sheds. Results showed three of four homeowners did their own landscaping and, therefore, fully controlled the amount of applied chemicals and the area of application. Fertilizers were primarily applied to lawns, but a high percentage of homeowners also applied them to trees, shrubs, and flowers. Insecticides were applied by a larger percentage of homeowners than herbicides. Control of fire ants (Solenopsis invicta) was likely the reason behind the frequent use of insecticides. The desire for a weed free lawn was the plausible motivation behind the use of herbicides, which were used mostly on lawns. Fungicide use was infrequently reported by Georgia homeowners. The pattern of fertilizer and pesticide use suggests that the developed manual should emphasize techniques and cultural practices, which could lower the dependence on chemicals, while ultimately assuring the desired appearance of turf and ornamental plants.

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(127) Effects of Substrate on Nutrient Uptake and Nitrate Leaching in Lilies

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.40.4.1085e ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 1085E-1086

Author(s):

Donald J. Merhaut ◽

Julie P. Newman

Keyword(s):

Nitrate Leaching ◽

Best Management Practices ◽

Management Practices ◽

Cultural Practices ◽

Ion Exchange Resin ◽

Nitrate Content ◽

Nutrient Runoff ◽

State Regulations ◽

Best Management ◽

The Media

Lilies are produced throughout the year in coastal areas of California. Cultural practices involve daily applications of water and fertilizer, using both controlled release fertilizers (CRF) and liquid fertilizers (LF). However, many production facilities are in proximity to coastal wetlands and are therefore at greater risk of causing nitrogen pollution via runoff and leaching. Due to federal and state regulations, nurseries must present a plan of best management practices (BMPs) to mitigate nutrient runoff and leaching and begin implementing these practices in the next 2 years. In the following studies, we determined the potential for nitrate leaching from four different types of substrates (coir, coir: peat, peat, and native soil). There were four replications of each treatment, with a replication consisting of one crate planted with 25 bulbs. Two cultivars were used in two separate experiments, `Star Fighter' and `Casa Blanca'. Nitrate leaching was determined by placing an ion-exchange resin bag under each crate at the beginning of the study. After plant harvest (14–16 weeks), resin bags were collected and analyzed for nitrate content. Plant tissues were dried and ground and analyzed for nitrogen content. Based on the results of these studies, it appears that the use of coir, peat, and soil may not influence plant growth significantly. Substrate type may mitigate the amount of nitrate leaching through the media. However, the cultivar type may also influence the degree of nitrate mitigation, since leaching results varied between the two cultivars.

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A Watershed-Based Economic Model of Alternative Management Practices in Southern Agricultural Systems

Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics ◽

10.1017/s1074070800021349 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 381-389 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Krishna P. Paudel ◽

Diane Hite ◽

Walaiporn Intarapapong ◽

Dwi Susanto

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Best Management Practices ◽

Management Practices ◽

Cultural Practices ◽

Simulation Models ◽

Environmental Standards ◽

Nutrient Runoff ◽

Best Management ◽

Total Profit ◽

Profit Potential

We investigated the environmental impacts of alternative cultural practices within a watershed under different water quality standards. We used experimental data on nutrient runoff to determine the optimal amount of broiler litter application in hay production in Louisiana. To compensate for the lack of experimental data, we used biophysical simulation models to find the optimal combination of agricultural best-management practices in a watershed in Mississippi. The results indicated that stricter environmental standards lower total profit potential and litter utilization.

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A Survey of Nursery Water Quality Best Management Practices

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.33.3.501e ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 501e-502

Author(s):

Cody J. White ◽

Michael A. Schnelle ◽

Gerrit W. Cuperus

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Best Management Practices ◽

Management Practices ◽

Cultural Practices ◽

Plant Materials ◽

Best Management ◽

Employee Safety ◽

Current Water ◽

Management Approaches ◽

Environmentally Sound

A survey was designed to assess high-risk areas with respect to environmental contamination, specifically how it relates to water quality. Oklahoma growers of all economic levels, retail and/or wholesale, were queried at their place of business for their current state of implementing best management practices (BMPs) and other strategic actions that could potentially affect current and future water quality standards. Specific areas such as the physical environment of the nursery, primary pesticides and fertilizers used, Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices, and employee safety training were covered as well as other aspects germane to preserving and protecting current water quality and related environmental issues. More than 75 nurseries were surveyed and given the opportunity to participate in future training at Oklahoma State Univ. Results indicated that nurseries have not fully implemented many BMPs, but have adopted fundamental IPM approaches. The stage is set for the implementation of the next phase of expansion and refinement into ecologically based programs such as propagation and sale of low pesticide input plant materials, improved cultural practices, and the integration of environmentally sound management approaches. As an example, many growers are in the process of phasing out calendar-based pesticide application programs in favor of aesthetic and/or economic threshold-driven pesticide spray programs.

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Adoption of Best Management Practices for Herbicide-Resistant Weeds in Midsouthern United States Cotton, Rice, and Soybean

Weed Technology ◽

10.1614/wt-d-13-00087.1 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 788-797 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Dilpreet S. Riar ◽

Jason K. Norsworthy ◽

Lawrence E. Steckel ◽

Daniel O. Stephenson ◽

Thomas W. Eubank ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cover Crops ◽

Best Management Practices ◽

Management Practices ◽

Cultural Practices ◽

Direct Mail ◽

Rice Seed ◽

Planting Dates ◽

Row Crops ◽

Herbicide Resistant ◽

Best Management

In fall 2011, cotton and soybean consultants from Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Tennessee were surveyed through direct mail and on-farm visits, and rice consultants from Arkansas and Mississippi were surveyed through direct mail to assess the importance and level of implementation of herbicide resistance best management practices (HR-BMPs) for herbicide-resistant weeds. Proper herbicide timing, clean start with no weeds at planting, application of multiple effective herbicide modes of action, use of full labeled herbicide rates, and prevention of crop weed seed production with importance rating of ≥ 4.6 out of 5.0 were perceived as the most important HR-BMPs in all crops. Purchase of certified rice seed was on 90% of scouted hectares. In contrast, least important HR-BMPs as perceived by consultants with importance ratings of ≤ 4.0 in cotton, ≤ 3.7 in rice, and ≤ 3.8 in soybean were cultural practices such as manual removal of weeds; tillage including disking, cultivation, or deep tillage; narrow (≤ 50 cm)-row crops, cover crops, and altered planting dates. Narrow crop rows and cover crops in cotton; altered planting dates in cotton and soybean; and cleaning of farm equipment and manual weeding in rice and soybean is currently employed on ≤ 20% of scouted hectares. Extra costs, time constraints, adverse weather conditions, lack of labor and equipment, profitability, herbicide-related concerns, and complacency were perceived as key obstacles for adoption of most HR-BMPs. With limited adoption of most cultural practices that reduce risks of herbicide-resistant weeds, there are opportunities to educate growers concerning the proactive need and long-term benefits of adopting HR-BMPs to ensure sustainable weed management and profitable crop production.

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Effectiveness Monitoring of Silvicultural Best Management Practices in South Carolina

Southern Journal of Applied Forestry ◽

10.1093/sjaf/19.4.170 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 170-176 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Tim O. Adams ◽

Donal D. Hook ◽

Michael A. Floyd

Keyword(s):

South Carolina ◽

Best Management Practices ◽

Management Practices ◽

Accurate Method ◽

Stream Habitat ◽

Best Management ◽

Effectiveness Monitoring ◽

Bmp Effectiveness ◽

Compliance Check

Abstract Rapid Bioassessment Protocols (RBPs) were evaluated for use in monitoring the effectiveness of silvicultural Best Management Practices (BMPs) on 27 harvested sites in South Carolina. RBP bioassessments were compared to BMP compliance checks for agreement. The results indicate that a weight-of-the-evidence approach utilizing a BMP compliance check, a stream habitat assessment, and a benthic macroinvertebrate bioassessment is the most accurate method of evaluating BMP effectiveness. These data show that implementation of BMPs during harvesting operations was sufficient for the protection of the water quality of associated streams. South. J. Appl. For. 19(4):170-176.

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017 Evaluating Best Management Practices for Spring Dead Spot Suppression in Bermudagrass

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.35.3.390f ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 390F-391 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

F. Iriarte ◽

J. Fry ◽

N. Tisserat

Keyword(s):

Best Management Practices ◽

Management Practices ◽

Cultural Practices ◽

Disease Suppression ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽

Spring Dead Spot ◽

Best Management ◽

Turf Quality ◽

Moderate Disease ◽

Plot Design

Bermudagrass turf quality is commonly reduced in the transition zone by Ophiosphaerella herpotricha, a root-infecting fungus that causes spring dead spot (SDS). Fungicides applied in autumn typically result in poor to moderate disease suppression. Earlier research has indicated that some cultural practices, including core aerification or fertilization with soil acidifying nitrogen fertilizers, may suppress SDS. Our objective was to evaluate several treatment combinations for reducing disease severity. Treatments were arranged in a split-plot design, with whole plots being aerification + verticutting, or no cultivation. Subplots within whole plots consisted of a factorial arrangement of azoxystrobin (one September application of at 0.6 kg·ha-1), trinexapac-ethyl (three summer applications at 6.1 kg·ha-1), and ammonium sulfate (three summer applications with N at 49 kg·ha-1). After 1 year of treatment, spring turf quality was improved in all treatments that included trinexapac-ethyl. Diseased area was reduced from 34% to 21% in plots receiving azoxystrobin + trinexapac-ethyl.

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Thailand Performance and Best Management Practices that saved lives against Covid-19: a comparison against ten critical countries

International Journal for Innovation Education and Research ◽

10.31686/ijier.vol8.iss11.2725 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 119-154

Author(s):

Jonas Gomes da Silva

Keyword(s):

Best Management Practices ◽

Management Practices ◽

Cultural Practices ◽

Public Information ◽

International Travel ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Information Campaigns ◽

Best Management ◽

Innovative Products ◽

Start Ups

After 265 days, since the first reported case of Covid-19, the world has reported the lost of almost one million (969.018) precious lives (WORLDOMETERS, 2020). The pandemic is a challenge for all countries, most of them eager to learn from nations that are successful against the virus. In addition, an international survey, published on April/20, by Silva (2020, p. 600), concluded that although no country is prepared to face epidemics and pandemics (NTI, JHU, and EIU, 2019), among the 16 countries investigated, Thailand, Finland, Australia, South Korea, Denmark, and Sweden are cases that Brazil could study so as not to repeat the scenarios of China, USA, Italy, and Spain. Thus, this study investigates the performance and the best management practices adopted in Thailand to save lives against Covid-19, during the first 180 days facing the pandemic. The research is useful for academy, government policymakers and authorities. It is descriptive, with the application of an online questionnaire, bibliographic and documentary research, involving the study of official sites, articles, reports, manuals, and other technical documents. A new indicator was developed (Fatality Total Index), which allowed to identify that among 20 nations with the highest number of fatal cases, the ten most critical are 1st) Mexico; 2nd) Peru; 3rd) Italy; 4th) Ecuador; 5th) Iran; 6th) Chile; 7th) UK; 8th) Belgium; 9th) Colombia; and 10th) Brazil. Some conclusions are: first) Thailand`s FTI180 is the very low, indicating that this country has learned from the lessons of the past, reason by which is the best at saving lives against the Covid-19; Third) for 86 respondents living in Thailand, wear mask, not shake hands, not hug in public, wash hands, and not wearing shoes in the house, were the five most decisive cultural practices that saved lives; Fourth) For 96 respondents living in Thailand, the ten main policy measures adopted by Thailand Government that saved lives against the Covid-19 are: first) international travel control; 2nd) public event cancellations; 3rd) schools closures; 4th) restriction on internal movement; 5th) workplaces closures; 6th) public information campaigns; 7th) effective public-private collaboration; 8th) increase the medical and personal equipment capacity; 9th) support the expansion of testing system, and 10th) wage subsidies for workers; Fifth) to save lives against Covid-19, 28 innovative products or services were identified in Thailand, with majority led by Corporations, Universities, followed by Public Sector, Start Ups, and Others.

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How Much Land is Needed for the Harvest Access System on Nonindustrial Private Forestlands Dominated by Northern Hardwoods?

Northern Journal of Applied Forestry ◽

10.1093/njaf/22.4.243 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 243-247 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

René H. Germain ◽

John F. Munsell

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Surface Area ◽

Best Management Practices ◽

Management Practices ◽

New York State ◽

Northern Hardwood ◽

Best Management ◽

Access System ◽

Private Forestlands

Abstract Harvest access systems (forest roads, skid trails, and landings) account for 90% of the erosion and sedimentation during harvesting activities. A well-planned harvest access system can reduce the surface area disturbed by logging, thereby decreasing the potential for erosion and sedimentation. Most Best Management Practices (BMP) guidelines suggest that the area disturbed by the harvest access system should range from 10 to 15%. We measured surface area disturbance by the harvest access system on 43 harvest sites on nonindustrial private forestlands in northern hardwood cover types in New York State and found that the average area percent disturbed was 6% with a range of 3 to 13%. The quality of BMP implementation was positively associated with the percentage of surface area disturbed, suggesting that harvests with a low percentage of surface area disturbance do not necessarily exhibit high-quality BMP.North. J. Appl. For. 22(4):243–247.

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