scholarly journals Changes in Cuticular Compounds of Developing Pecan Leaves

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-335
Author(s):  
O.T. Chortyk ◽  
I.E. Yates ◽  
C.C. Reilly
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Methylene Chloride ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Aliphatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Susceptibility To Infection ◽  
Surface Compounds ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Silicic Acid Chromatography ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy

Leaf surface compounds of pecan [Carya illinoensis (Wangenh.) C. Koch] were analyzed with regard to developmental stage and to susceptibility to infection by Cladosporium caryigenum (Ell. et Lang. Gottwald). Immature and mature leaves of two resistant (`Elliott' and `Sumner') and two susceptible (`Wichita' and `Schley') cultivars were extracted with methylene chloride. Extracts were separated by silicic acid chromatography into polar and nonpolar fractions. Constituents of each fraction were subsequently separated by gas chromatography and were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. Leaf surface constituents characterized included long-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic wax esters, triterpenoid constituents, aliphatic alcohols, fatty acids, and diacyl glycerides. The predominant surface compounds on immature leaves were lipids such as fatty acids, fatty alcohols, and glycerides. On mature leaves, lipids declined and aliphatic hydrocarbons and triterpenoids became predominant leaf surface constituents. The changes were observed for all cultivars, regardless of genotypic response to C. caryigenum. Thus, we conclude that cuticular chemicals change dramatically during leaf maturation but do not correlate with resistance to scab disease common to certain pecan cultivars.

3-hydroxydecanedioic acid and related homologues: urinary metabolites in ketoacidosis.

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Greter ◽  
S Lindstedt ◽  
H Seeman ◽  
G Steen
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Dicarboxylic Acids ◽  
Urinary Metabolites ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Beta Oxidation ◽  
Silicic Acid Chromatography ◽  
Minor Compounds ◽  
Hexanedioic Acid

Abstract Urine from patients with ketoacidosis was found to contain a number of aliphatic 3-hydroxy dicarboxylic acids. The acids were purified by silicic acid chromatography and their structures determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of different derivatives. The major compound was 3-hydroxydecanedioic acid. Minor compounds were 3-hydroxyoctanedioic acid, 3-hydroxyoctenedioic acid, 3-hydroxydecenedioic acid, 3-hydroxydodecanedioic acid, 3-hydroxydodecenedioic acid, 3-hydroxytetradecenedioic acid, and 3-hydroxytetradecadienedioic acid. The excretion of 3-hydroxydecanedioic acid correlated positively with the excretion of hexanedioic acid, another metabolite constantly found in ketoacidosis (Pettersen et al., Clin. Chim. Acta 38: 17-24, 1972). We suggest that the 3-hydroxy dicarboxylic acids are formed from fatty acids by a combination of omega-oxidation and incomplete beta-oxidation.

Flavor Composition of Maryland Tobacco

1984 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph N. Schumacher
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Capillary Gas Chromatography ◽  
Methylene Chloride ◽  
Minor Component ◽  
The Other ◽  
Glass Capillary ◽  
Preparative Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Trace Components

AbstractThis study was undertaken to determine if Maryland tobacco contains any unique flavour components and to compare its composition to that of flue-cured and Burley tobaccos. Methylene chloride extracts prepared from these tobaccos were fractionated by liquid-liquid partitions and by preparative liquid chromatography. The resulting fractions were analysed by glass capillary gas chromatography and by glass capillary gas chromatography / mass spectroscopy. The essential oils of these tobaccos were also examined. Only one minor component was found in Maryland tobacco that was not found in the other tobaccos. If the minor and trace components were further studied, other differences might be found. Based on this study, however, the uniqueness of Maryland tobacco is primarily, if not entirely, due to quantitative differences. Also, Maryland tobacco is no more similar to Burley (middle-stalk or low-stalk leaves) than it is to flue-cured tobacco.

3-hydroxydecanedioic acid and related homologues: urinary metabolites in ketoacidosis.

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-265
Author(s):  
J Greter ◽  
S Lindstedt ◽  
H Seeman ◽  
G Steen
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Dicarboxylic Acids ◽  
Urinary Metabolites ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Beta Oxidation ◽  
Silicic Acid Chromatography ◽  
Minor Compounds ◽  
Hexanedioic Acid

Abstract Urine from patients with ketoacidosis was found to contain a number of aliphatic 3-hydroxy dicarboxylic acids. The acids were purified by silicic acid chromatography and their structures determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of different derivatives. The major compound was 3-hydroxydecanedioic acid. Minor compounds were 3-hydroxyoctanedioic acid, 3-hydroxyoctenedioic acid, 3-hydroxydecenedioic acid, 3-hydroxydodecanedioic acid, 3-hydroxydodecenedioic acid, 3-hydroxytetradecenedioic acid, and 3-hydroxytetradecadienedioic acid. The excretion of 3-hydroxydecanedioic acid correlated positively with the excretion of hexanedioic acid, another metabolite constantly found in ketoacidosis (Pettersen et al., Clin. Chim. Acta 38: 17-24, 1972). We suggest that the 3-hydroxy dicarboxylic acids are formed from fatty acids by a combination of omega-oxidation and incomplete beta-oxidation.

scholarly journals Extraction and Characterization of Sugarcane Peel Wax

ISRN Agronomy ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mangesh B. Inarkar ◽  
S. S. Lele
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Sugarcane peel is an agrowaste product and contains considerable amount of wax. This has a good technoeconomic potential. In view of this, the present study aims at extraction and characterization of wax from sugarcane peel. The yield of crude wax was 0.95% on dry weight basis. During Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) prominent peaks obtained at 2921.73 and 2851.64 (–CH), 1463.44 (–CH2), 1376.96 (–CH3), 1108.4 and 1170.16 (–C–O) 3395.60 (–OH), 1710.25 (–CHO), and 1736.63 (–COOH) indicate presence of alkanes, ketones, alcohols, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids, respectively. Alcohol and hydrocarbon fractions were also found by thin layer chromatography (TLC). Melting point of crude wax was observed to be 62.1°C. Molecular weight of wax was estimated to be 1706 Dalton. Composition of crude wax found using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) was alkanes (28.83%), ester (66.26%), fatty acids (4.58%), aldehyde (0.11%), and alcohol (0.22%).

Notes: Lipids in the Gular Gland Secretion of the American Alligator (Alligator mississippiensis)

1987 ◽  
Vol 42 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1345-1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Weldon ◽  
A. Shafagati ◽  
J. W. Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Alligator Mississippiensis ◽  
Gland Secretion ◽  
American Alligator ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Gular Glands

Lipids from the gular glands of the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) were examined by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. C14, C16, and C18 fatty acids, squalene, and α-tocopherol (vitamin E) were detected in nearly all samples. Cholesterol was detected clearly in several samples.

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