scholarly journals Characterization of Spinach Chromosomes by Condensation Patterns and Physical Mapping of 5S and 45S rDNAs by FISH

2000 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikako Ito ◽  
Nobuko Ohmido ◽  
Yukio Akiyama ◽  
Kiichi Fukui ◽  
Takato Koba
Keyword(s):  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
5S Rdna ◽  
Proximal Region ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Chromosome 5 ◽  
Molecular Cytogenetic ◽  
Nucleolar Organizing Region ◽  
Molecular Cytogenetic Techniques

Molecular cytogenetic techniques and computer-aided karyotyping were applied to characterize the chromosomes of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L., 2n = 12). Chromosome lengths, arm ratios, and degrees of condensation at prometaphase chromosomes were analyzed using a software Chromosome Image Analyzing System III (CHIAS III). DNA probes prepared from rice (Oryza sativa L.) rDNA were applied to the spinach chromosomes by the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method. Three 45S rDNA loci were detected at the nucleolar organizing region (NOR) of Chromosome 5, and at terminal positions of short arms of Chromosomes 2 and 6. The loci of 5S rDNA were also found at three locations. One was at the subtelomeric region of the long arm of Chromosome 2 and the other two were at the proximal region of the long arm of Chromosome 5. All spinach chromosomes were identified which will provide valuable information for mapping genes on these chromosomes.

scholarly journals Genotype-Phenotype Characterization of Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome Confirmed by FISH: Case Reports

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Sheth ◽  
O. R. Akinde ◽  
C. Datar ◽  
O. V. Adeteye ◽  
J. Sheth
Keyword(s):  
Cytogenetic Study ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Normal Karyotype ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Molecular Cytogenetic ◽  
Contiguous Gene ◽  
Multiple Malformation ◽  
Molecular Cytogenetic Techniques

The Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a multiple malformation and contiguous gene syndrome resulting from the deletion encompassing a 4p16.3 region. A microscopically visible terminal deletion on chromosome 4p (4p16→pter) was detected in Case 1 with full blown features of WHS. The second case which had an interstitial microdeletion encompassingWHSC 1andWHSC 2genes at 4p16.3 presented with less striking clinical features of WHS and had an apparently “normal” karyotype. The severity of the clinical presentation was as a result of haploinsufficiency and interaction with surrounding genes as well as mutations in modifier genes located outside the WHSCR regions. The study emphasized that an individual with a strong clinical suspicion of chromosomal abnormality and a normal conventional cytogenetic study should be further investigated using molecular cytogenetic techniques such as fluorescencein situhybridization (FISH) or array-comparative genomic hybridization (a-CGH).

Molecular Cytogenetic Characterization of the DiGeorge Syndrome Region Using Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization

Genomics ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Lindsay ◽  
Stephanie Halford ◽  
Roy Wadey ◽  
Peter J. Scambler ◽  
Antonio Baldini
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Digeorge Syndrome ◽  
Molecular Cytogenetic ◽  
Cytogenetic Characterization

Variation in highly repetitive DNA composition of heterochromatin in rye studied by fluorescence in situ hybridization

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1061-1069 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cuadrado ◽  
N. Jouve ◽  
C. Ceoloni
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
5S Rdna ◽  
Individual Identification ◽  
Highly Repetitive Dna ◽  
The Individual

The molecular characterization of heterochromatin in six lines of rye has been performed using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The highly repetitive rye DNA sequences pSc 119.2, pSc74, and pSc34, and the probes pTa71 and pSc794 containing the 25S–5.8S–18S rDNA (NOR) and the 5S rDNA multigene families, respectively, were used. This allowed the individual identification of all seven rye chromosomes and most chromosome arms in all lines. All varieties showed similar but not identical patterns. A standard in situ hybridization map was constructed following the nomenclature system recommended for C-bands. All FISH sites observed appeared to correspond well with C-band locations, but not all C-banding sites coincided with hybridization sites of the repetitive DNA probes used. Quantitative and qualitative differences between different varieties were found for in situ hybridization response at corresponding sites. Variation between plants and even between homologous chromosomes of the same plant was found in open-pollinated lines. In inbred lines, the in situ pattern of the homologues was practically identical and no variation between plants was detected. The observed quantitative and qualitative differences are consistent with a corresponding variation for C-bands detected both within and between cultivars.Key words: fluorescence in situ hybridization, repetitive DNA, rye, Secale cereale, polymorphism.

Characterization of the A673 cell line (Ewing tumor) by molecular cytogenetic techniques

2003 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Martı́nez-Ramı́rez ◽  
S Rodrı́guez-Perales ◽  
B Meléndez ◽  
B Martı́nez-Delgado ◽  
M Urioste ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Molecular Cytogenetic ◽  
Molecular Cytogenetic Techniques ◽  
Ewing Tumor

Direct FISH of 5S rDNA on tomato pachytene chromosomes places the gene at the heterochromatic knob immediately adjacent to the centromere of chromosome 1

Genome ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 216-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Xu ◽  
E. D. Earle
Keyword(s):  
Rare Event ◽  
5S Rdna ◽  
Heterochromatic Region ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Cytogenetic Map ◽  
Rdna Gene ◽  
Molecular Cytogenetic ◽  
Direct Fluorescence

We describe a molecular cytogenetic procedure for high resolution physical mapping of DNA markers, an essential step toward construction of an integrated molecular–classical–cytological map. Tomato was selected as material because its pachytene chromosomes are amenable for study and because detailed molecular, classical, and cytological maps are available. Karyotyping of acetocarmine-stained pachytene chromosomes showing detailed cytogenetic landmarks was combined with direct FISH of the 5S rDNA gene. This enabled us to pinpoint the 5S rDNA gene to the first heterochromatic knob immediately adjacent to the centromere in the short arm of chromosome 1. Thus the position of the 5S rDNA gene on the molecular map was related to the position of the 5S rDNA on the cytogenetic map. The results also provide conclusive evidence of the location of a functional gene in the pericentric heterochromatic region, a rare event to date in plants. We conclude that karyotyping of pachytene chromosomes can be combined with FISH to map a DNA sequence to a cytogenetically defined region and to determine the chromatin origin of an expressed gene. Key words : direct fluorescence in situ hybridization, 5S rDNA, pachytene chromosomes, heterochromatic gene.

scholarly journals Molecular cytogenetic studies in rubber, Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg. (Euphorbiaceae)

Genome ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 464-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew R Leitch ◽  
K Yoong Lim ◽  
Ilia J Leitch ◽  
Michelle O'Neill ◽  
MeeLen Chye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Mapping ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Consensus Sequence ◽  
Molecular Cytogenetics ◽  
5S Rdna ◽  
Single Pair ◽  
Interphase Nuclei ◽  
Molecular Cytogenetic

This paper reports the start of a molecular cytogenetics programme targeting the genome of the angiosperm tree species Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg. (rubber, 2n = 36), a major world crop about whose genetics very little is known. A metaphase karyotype of rubber is presented. In situ hybidization with the probe pTa71 for ribosomal DNA (rDNA) shows that there are four sites of probe hybidization occurring on two pairs of chromosomes called chromosomes 6 and 7 carrying sites NOR-1 and NOR-2, respectively. An examination of meristematic interphase nuclei shows that all four loci have the potential to be partially decondensed at interphase, although in many nuclei one or more loci appear fully condensed and apparently inactive. The probe pXVI revealed a single pair of chromosomes carrying 5S rDNA. The probes pTa71 and pXVI provide cytogenetic markers for three pairs of chromosomes that will be of use in genetic mapping programmes. The rubber chromosomes also have telomere sequences that hybridize with the Arabidopsis consensus sequence TTTAGGG. With the exception of the satellite region containing rDNA, which fluoresces brightly with chromomycin A3, fluorescence banding showed that there is no strong demarcation of the genome into GC- and AT-rich regions, as occurs in mammalian genomes.Key words: rubber, Hevea, genetic mapping, cytogenetics, ribosomal DNA, rDNA fluorescence banding.

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