Orthodontics on sale: fixed appliances on E-commerce platforms

This paper describes the orthodontic treatment of two cases that were successful in winning the British Orthodontic Society (BOS) Membership in Orthodontics (MOrth) Cases Prize in 2019. The first case describes the management of a 12-year-old girl with a Class II division 2 malocclusion complicated by moderate upper and lower arch crowding, multiple unerupted teeth, restored lower first permanent molars, pseudo-transposition of the lower left lateral incisor and canine, and diminutive upper lateral incisors. Treatment involved a combination of an upper removable appliance followed by upper and lower preadjusted edgewise fixed appliances. Anteroposterior correction and overbite reduction was achieved with triangular Class II elastics with posterior occlusal disengagement. Both upper permanent canines were exposed and aligned, and the diminutive upper incisors built up with resin-based composite. Treatment was completed over a period of 23 months. The second case describes the management of a 13-year-old boy with a Class II division 2 malocclusion complicated by severe upper and lower arch crowding with unerupted UR5, UL4, LR3, rotated LR5, an increased overbite complete to tooth, buccally displaced upper canines and hypoplastic upper first premolars. Treatment involved a first phase of functional appliance therapy, followed by the extraction of UR4, UL4, LL5, LR4 and upper and lower preadjusted edgewise fixed appliances over a 28-month period.

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Sexual dimorphism in the long-term stability (10 years) of skeletal Class III treatment

Progress in Orthodontics ◽

10.1186/s40510-021-00360-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Natalia Tejedor ◽

Conchita Martín ◽

José Antonio Alarcón ◽

María Dolores Oteo-Calatayud ◽

Juan Carlos Palma-Fernández

Keyword(s):

Sexual Dimorphism ◽

Class Iii ◽

Class Iii Malocclusion ◽

Skeletal Class ◽

Term Stability ◽

Long Term Stability ◽

Fixed Appliances ◽

Males And Females ◽

Class Iii Treatment

Abstract Background Class III malocclusion is associated with high sexual dimorphism, especially in individuals older than 13 years of age, with significant differences in growth between males and females during the pubertal and postpubertal stages, and in adulthood. The aim of this research was to examine differences between males and females in long-term stability (10 years) of treatment for skeletal Class III malocclusion. Methods Thirty patients (15 males and 15 females) with skeletal Class III malocclusion, who had been treated with rapid maxillary expansion (RME) combined with face mask protraction followed by fixed appliances, were selected sequentially. Thirty patients (15 males and 15 females) with skeletal Class I and mesofacial patterns treated only with fixed appliances for dental problems served as the control group. Differences between groups and sexes were evaluated using lateral cephalograms taken at the start of treatment (T0), immediately after the end of treatment (T1), and after 10 years (T2). The long-term treatment success rate was calculated. Results Ten years after Class III treatment, overjet and overbite relapse occurred similarly in females (− 0.68 ± 0.7 mm; − 0.38 ± 0.75 mm, respectively) and males (− 1.09 ± 1.47 mm; − 0.64 ± 0.9 mm, respectively); the ANB angle and Wits appraisal became significantly more negative in males (− 1.37 ± 1.06°; − 2.7 ± 2.53 mm) than in females (− 0.18 ± 1.26°; − 0.46 ± 1.94 mm). The success rate was 73.3% in males and 80% in females. Conclusions Significant differences in the long-term stability of Class III treatment outcomes have been found between males and females, with a larger skeletal Class III relapse and lower long-term success rates in males.

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Teeth angulations after class II treatment with the Jones Jig followed by fixed appliances: A retrospective panoramic analysis

International Orthodontics ◽

10.1016/j.ortho.2020.06.002 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 436-442

Author(s):

Silvio Augusto Bellini-Pereira ◽

Gabriel Querobim Sant’Anna ◽

Maria Claudia Wagner ◽

Aron Aliaga-DelCastillo ◽

Mayara Paim Patel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Class Ii ◽

Class Ii Treatment ◽

Panoramic Analysis ◽

Fixed Appliances

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Duration of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances in adolescents and adults: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Progress in Orthodontics ◽

10.1186/s40510-020-00334-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Allen Abbing ◽

Vasiliki Koretsi ◽

Theodore Eliades ◽

Spyridon N. Papageorgiou

Keyword(s):

Treatment Duration ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Adult Patients ◽

Comprehensive Treatment ◽

Orthodontic Appliances ◽

Duration Of Treatment ◽

Quality Of Evidence ◽

Fixed Appliances

Abstract Objectives Adults with fixed orthodontic appliances are increasing nowadays. Compared with adolescents, adults present biological differences that might influence treatment duration. Therefore, the aim of the study was to compare duration of treatment with fixed appliances between adults and adolescents. Materials and methods Eight databases were searched up to September 2019 for randomized and non-randomized clinical studies comparing treatment duration with fixed appliances in adolescents and adult patients. After duplicate study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment with the Cochrane ROBINS-I tool, random effects meta-analyses of mean differences (MD) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were performed, followed by assessment of the quality of evidence with GRADE. Results A total of 11 unique studies (one prospective and 10 retrospective non-randomized) with 2969 adolescents and 1380 adult patients were finally included. Meta-analysis of 7 studies found no significant difference in the duration of comprehensive treatment with fixed appliances (MD = − 0.8 month; 95% CI = − 4.2 to 2.6 months; P = 0.65; I2 = 92%) between adults and adolescents. Similarly, both distalization of upper first molars with skeletal anchorage for class II correction and the retraction of canines into the premolar extraction spaces lasted similarly long among adults and adolescents. On the other hand, alignment of palatally displaced canines lasted considerably longer in adults compared to adolescents (1 study; MD = 3.8 months; 95% CI = 1.4 to 6.2 months; P = 0.002). The quality of evidence for the meta-analysis was low due to the inclusion of non-randomized studies with considerable risk of bias. Conclusions While existing evidence does not indicate a difference in the overall duration of treatment with fixed appliances between adults and adolescents, the alignment of palatally displaced canines lasted significantly longer in adults. However, our confidence in these estimates is low due to the risk of bias in the included studies. Trial registration PROSPERO: (CRD42019148169)

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The influence of orthodontic fixed appliances on the oral microbiota: A systematic review

Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics ◽

10.1590/2176-9451.19.2.046-055.oar ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 46-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Amanda Osório Ayres de Freitas ◽

Mariana Marquezan ◽

Matilde da Cunha Gonçalves Nojima ◽

Daniela Sales Alviano ◽

Lucianne Cople Maia

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Methodological Quality ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Scientific Evidence ◽

Statistical Treatment ◽

Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽

Oral Microbiota ◽

Periodontal Pathogens ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Fixed Appliances

Objective: To investigate whether there is scientific evidence to support the hypothesis that the presence of orthodontic fixed appliances influences the oral microbiota. Methods: The search for articles was conducted in PubMed; ISI Web of Knowledge and Ovid databases, including articles published in English until May 17th, 2012. They should report human observational studies presenting the following keywords: "fixed orthodontic appliance" AND "microbiological colonization"; OR "periodontal pathogens"; OR "Streptococcus"; OR "Lactobacillus"; OR "Candida"; OR "Tannerella forsythia"; OR "Treponema denticola"; OR "Fusobacterium nucleatum"; OR "Actimomyces actinomycetemcomitans"; OR "Prevotella intermedia", OR "Prevotella nigrescens"; OR "Porphyromonas gingivalis". Articles were previously selected by title and abstract. Articles that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed and classified as having low, moderate or high methodology quality. A new detailed checklist for quality assessment was developed based on the information required for applicable data extraction for reviews. The study design, sample, follow-up period, collection and microbial analysis methods, statistical treatment, results and discussion were assessed. Results: The initial search retrieved 305 articles of which 33 articles were selected by title and abstract. After full-text reading, 8 articles met the inclusion criteria, out of which 4 articles were classified as having low and 4 as moderate methodological quality. The moderate methodological quality studies were included in the systematic review. Conclusions: The literature revealed moderate evidence that the presence of fixed appliances influences the quantity and quality of oral microbiota.

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Long-term effects of Class III treatment with rapid maxillary expansion and facemask therapy followed by fixed appliances

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics ◽

10.1067/mod.2003.44 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 123 (3) ◽

pp. 306-320 ◽

Cited By ~ 162

Author(s):

Patricia Vetlesen Westwood ◽

James A. McNamara ◽

Tiziano Baccetti ◽

Lorenzo Franchi ◽

David M. Sarver

Keyword(s):

Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽

Class Iii ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Maxillary Expansion ◽

Fixed Appliances ◽

Class Iii Treatment

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Changes in the Complexity of Orthodontic Treatment for Patients Referred to a Teaching Hospital

British Journal of Orthodontics ◽

10.1179/bjo.15.1.27 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 27-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

C. D. Stephens ◽

N. W. Harradine

Keyword(s):

General Practitioner ◽

Orthognathic Surgery ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Further Training ◽

Fixed Appliance ◽

Dental Hospital ◽

Orthodontic Patients ◽

Specialist Treatment ◽

Fixed Appliances ◽

Removable Appliance

The records of 200 orthodontic patients accepted for treatment by the Orthodontic Department of the Bristol Dental Hospital in 1977 were compared with 200 taken on in 1985 in order to determine whether there had been any change in the proportion of referred cases requiring more complex procedures. Within each sample, cases were categorized as follows: (a) suitable for removable appliance treatment by an undergraduate or general practitioner; (b) requiring simple one arch fixed appliance treatment such as might he attempted by a general practitioner after a period of further training; (c) needing specialist treatment such as full multibracketed fixed appliances or orthognathic surgery. It was found that there had been no change in the proportions of simple and complex cases referred during the 8-year period although the proportion of patients now receiving complex treatment had increased greatly. Possible explanations and implications are discussed.

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